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Genomic,transcriptomic,and epigenomic analysis of a medicinal snake,Bungarus multicinctus,to provides insights into the origin of Elapidae neurotoxins

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第5期13卷 2234-2249页

作者： Jiang Xu Shuai Guo Xianmei Yin Mingqian Li He Su Xuejiao Liao Qiushi Li Liang Le Shiyu chen Baosheng Liao Haoyu Hu Juan Lei Yingjie Zhu Xiaohui Qiu Lu Luo Jun chen Ruiyang cheng Zhenzhan Chang Han Zhang Nicholas Chieh Wu Yiming Guo Dianyun Hou Jin Pei Jihai Gao Yan Hua Zhihai huang Shilin chen Institute of Herbgenomics State Key Laboratory of Southwest Chinese Medicine ResourcesPharmacy CollegeChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing 100700China Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of zhejiang Province Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese MedicineTongde Hospital of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhou 310012China Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine(the Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou university of Chinese Medicine Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine)Guangzhou 510006China Pharmacy College Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Beijing Engineering Research Center of Pediatric Surgery Engineering and Transformation CenterBeijing Children's HospitalNational Center for Children's HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100045China School of Basic Medical sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China School of Life and environmental sciences the University of SydneyNSW2006Australia university of Pittsburgh Kenneth P.Dietrich School of Arts and SciencesPittsburghPA 15260USA Agricultural College Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471000China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and UtilizationGuangdong Academy of ForestryGuangzhou 510520China

The many-banded krait,Bungarus multicinctus,has been recorded as the animal resource of JinQianBaiHuaShe in the Chinese *** of its venoms classified chief phyla of modern animal ***,the evolutionary origin and diversification of its neurotoxins as well as biosynthesis of its active compounds remain largely unknown due to the lack of its high-quality ***,we present the 1.58 Gbp genome of *** assembled into 18 chromosomes with contig/scaffold N50 of 7.53 Mbp/149.8 *** bungarotoxin-coding genes were clustered within genome by family and found to be associated with ancient local *** truncation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor in the 3'-terminal of a LY6E paralog released modern three-finger toxins(3FTxs)from membrane tethering before the Colubroidea *** expansion and mutations diversified and recruited these *** the cobra/krait divergence,the modern unit-B ofβ-bungarotoxin emerged with an extra cysteine residue.A subsequent point substitution in unit-A enabled theβ-bungarotoxin covalent *** *** gene expression,chromatin topological organization,and histone modification characteristics were featured by transcriptome,proteome,chromatin conformation capture sequencing,and *** results highlighted that venom production was under a sophisticated *** findings provide new insights into snake neurotoxin research,meanwhile will facilitate antivenom development,toxin-driven drug discovery and the quality control of JinQianBaiHuaShe.

关键词： Medicinal snake Neurotoxin origin Antivenoms Gene regulation Chromatin

Artificial solid electrolyte interface layer based on sodium titanate hollow microspheres assembled by nanotubes to stabilize zinc metal electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 539-546,I0015页

作者： Minfeng chen Weijun Zhou Qinghua Tian Xiang Han Yanjun Tan Jizhang chen Ching-Ping Wong Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuChina department of Chemistry School of SciencesZhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina Nanjing Sanle Group Co. Ltd.Nanjing 211800JiangsuChina School of Materials science and Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Recently,aqueous zinc-ion batteries with intrinsic safety,low cost,and environmental benignity have attracted tremendous research ***,zinc dendrites,harmful side reactions,and zinc metal corrosion stand in the ***,we use lepidocrocite-type sodium titanate hollow microspheres assembled by nanotubes to constitute an artificial solid electrolyte interface layer on the zinc metal *** to the hierarchical structure with abundant open voids,negative-charged layered framework,low hydrophilicity,electrically insulting nature,and large ionic conductivity,the sodium titanate coating layer can effectively homogenize the electric field,promote the Zn^(2.)ion transfer,guide the Zn^(2.)ion flux,reduce the desolvation barrier,improve the exchange current density,and accommodate the plated zinc ***,this coating layer can effectively suppress zinc dendrites and other unfavorable *** this coating layer,the Zn//Zn symmetric cell is able to provide an impressive cumulative zinc plating capacity of 1375 m Ah cm^(-2. at a current density of 5 m A cm^(-2..This coating layer also contributes to significantly improved electrochemical performances of Zn//MnO_(2. battery and zincion hybrid *** work offers new insights into the modifications of zinc metal electrodes.

关键词： Artificial SEI layers Hierarchical sodium titanates Interfacial stability Dendrite inhibition Aqueous Zn-ion batteries

Heavy metal availability and impact on activity of soil microorganisms along a Cu/Zn contamination gradient

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Journal of environmental sciences 2007年第7期19卷 848-853页

作者： WANG Yuan-peng SHI Ji-yan LIN Qi chen Xin-cai chen Ying-xu department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China. department of environmental{2. and Technology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China

All the regulations that define a maximum concentration of metals in the receiving soil are based on total soil metal concentration. However, the potential toxicity of a heavy metal in the soil depends on its speciation and availability. We studied the effects of heavy metal speciation and availability on soil microorganism activities along a Cu/Zn contamination gradient. Microbial biomass and enzyme activity of soil contaminated with both Cu and Zn were investigated. The results showed that microbial biomass was negatively affected by the elevated metal levels. The microbial biomass-C （Cmic）/organic C （Corg） ratio was closely correlated to heavy metal stress. There were negative correlations between soil microbial biomass, phosphatase activity and NH4NO3 extractable heavy metals. The soil microorganism activity could be predicted using empirical models with the availability of Cu and Zn. We observed that 72. of the variation in phosphatase activity could be explained by the NH4NO3-extractable and total heavy metal concentration. By considering different monitoring approaches and different viewpoints, this set of methods applied in this study seemed sensitive to site differences and contributed to a better understanding of the effects of heavy metals on the size and activity of microorganisms in soils. The data presented demonstrate the relationship between heavy metals availability and heavy metal toxicity to soil microorganism along a contamination gradient.

关键词： heavy metals availability speciation activity soil microorganism

Sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions

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Journal of environmental sciences 2007年第10期19卷 1214-1220页

作者： chen Bao-liang LI Yun-gui department of environmental{2. Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310028 China

The contribution of aliphatic-rich plant biopolymer to sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds is significantly important because of their preservation and accumulation in the soil environment, but sorption mechanism is still not fully understood. In this study, sorption of 1-naphthol by plant cuticular fractions was examined to better understand the contributions of respective fraction. Toward this end, cuticular materials were isolated from the fruits of tomato by chemical method. The tomato cuticle sheet consisted of waxes （6.5 wt%）, cuticular monomer （69.5 wt%）, and polysaccharide （2..0 wt%）. Isotherms of 1-naphthol to the cuticular fractions were nonlinear （N value （0.82.- 0.90）） at the whole tested concentration ranges. The K∞/Kow ratios for bulk cuticle （TC1）, dewaxed cuticle （TC2., cutin （TC4）, and desugared cuticle （TC5） were larger than unity, suggested that tomato bulk cuticle and cutin are much powerful sorption medium. Sorption capability of cutin （TC4） was 2.4 times higher than the nonsaponifiable fraction （TC3）. The 1-naphthol interactions with tomato cuticular materials were governed by both hydrophobic-type interactions and polar （H-bonding） interactions. Removal of the wax and polysaccharide materials from the bulk tomato cuticle caused a significant increase in the sorption ability of the cuticular material. There was a linear negative trend between K∞ values and the amount of polysaccharides or fraction＇s polarities （（N＋O）/C）; while a linear positive relationship between K∞ values and the content ofcutin monomer （linear R^2.= 0.993） was observed for present in the cuticular fractions. Predominant sorbent of the hydrophobic organic compounds （HOCs） in the plant cuticular fraction was the cutin monomer, contributing to 91.7% of the total sorption of tomato bulk cuticle.

关键词： plant cuticle 1-naphthol sorption cutin monomer

Acid-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline TiO_2.from titanate nanotubes: Influence of acids on the photodegradation of gaseous toluene

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Journal of environmental sciences 2015年第1期27卷 232-240页

作者： Kunyang chen Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang department of environmental{2. Zhejiang University zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

In order to efficiently remove volatile organic compounds（VOCs） from indoor air, onedimensional titanate nanotubes（Ti NTs） were hydrothermally treated to prepare TiO2.nanocrystals with different crystalline phases, shapes and sizes. The influences of various acids such as CH3 COOH, HNO3, HCl, HF and H2.O4 used in the treatment were separately compared to optimize the performance of the TiO2.nanocrystals. Compared with the strong and corrosive inorganic acids, CH3COOH was not only safer and more environmentally friendly, but also more efficient in promoting the photocatalytic activity of the obtained TiO2. It was observed that the anatase TiO2.synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution exhibited the highest photodegradation rate of gaseous toluene（94%）, exceeding that of P2.（44%） by a factor of more than two. The improved photocatalytic activity was attributed to the small crystallite size and surface modification by CH3COOH. The influence of relative humidity（2.%–80%） on the performance of TiO2.nanocrystals was also studied. The anatase TiO2.synthesized in 15 mol/L CH3COOH solution was more tolerant to moisture than the other TiO2.nanocrystals and P2..

关键词： Titanate nanotubes CH3COOH Ti O2.anocrystals Photocatalytic Gaseous toluene

Effect of 1,2.-Dihydroxyvitamin D_3 on Regulatory T Cells in Ovariectomized Mice

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Biomedical and environmental sciences 2014年第10期27卷 779-785页

作者： LIU Jun chen ZHOU chen Hui ZHANG Xue chen Yan XU Bi Lian CUI Liao XU Dao Hua department of Pharmacology Guangdong Medical College The Second Affiliated Hospital (Jiande Branch) School of Medicine ZheJiang University Institution of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Pharmacy Development Guangdong Medical College

Objective To investigate the correlation between regulatory T （Treg） cells and postmenopausal osteoporosis and the antiosteoporotic effect of 1,2.-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,2.（OH）2.3] in relation to Treg cells. Methods Fifty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups： the basal control （BAS）, Sham, ovariectomy （OVX）, OVX＋diethylstilbestrol （OVX＋DES）, and OVX＋I,2.（OH）2.3. Tibias were harvested and processed with decalcification for quantitative bone histomorphometry. Femurs were stained by immunohistochemistry to detect Foxp3 protein expression. Spleens were used to detect Treg and Foxp3 gene expression by flow cy：ometry and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Results In comparison with the Sham group, a significant decrease was found in the OV~ group in such indices as trabecular bone volume/tc,tal tissue area （BV/TV）, trabecular number （Tb.N） and trabecular thickness （***）. 1,2.（OH）2.3 and DES partly prevented the decrease in BV/TV, Tb.N, *** in OVX mice. Treg cell number, Foxp3 mRI~：A expression in spleen and Foxp3 protein expression in femur significantly decreased in the OVX-tr^ated group compared with those in the sham group. 1,2.（OH）2.3 and DES significantly increased Treg cell number and Foxp3 expression. Treg cells and Foxp3 gene expression were related to bone histomorphometric parameters. Conclusion The decrease in Treg cell numbers is relevant to the postmenopausal osteoporosis. The antiosteoporosis of 1,2.（OH）2.3 is related to regulatory T cells.

关键词： 1,2.-dihydroxyvitamin D31 Osteoporosis Regulatory T cells Ovariectomy

Partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on organoben-tonites from water

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Journal of environmental sciences 2001年第2期13卷 129-136页

作者： chen Bao-liang ZHU Li-zhong department of environmental{2. Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310028China

A series of organobentonites synthesized by exchanging organic ration such as dodecyltri-methylammonium ( DTMA), benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium (BDTDA), cetyltrimethyl-ammonium (CTMA), octodeyltrimethylammonium (OTMA) on bentonite The optimal condition, properties and mechanisms for the organobentonites to sorb phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene, acenaphthene in water were investigated in detail. The partition behavior was determined for four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as naphthalene, phenanthrene, anthracene and acenaphthene, from water to a series of organobentortites. The interlayer spacings and organic carbon contents of organobentonites, removal rate and sorption capacities for organobentonites to treat phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene, acenaphthene were correlated to the length of alkyl chains and the amounts of ration surfactant exchanged on the bentonite. Phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene, and acenaphthene sorption to organobentonites were characterized by linear isotherms, indicating solute partition between water and the organic phase composed of the large alkyl functional groups of quaternary ammonium rations. PAHs distribution coefficients (K-d) between organobentonites and water were proportional to the organic carbon contents of organobentonites. However, the partition coefficients ( K-oc) were nearly constants for PAHs in the system of organobentonite-water. The K-ocx of phenanthrene, anthracene, naphthalene, acenaphthene were 2.62. x 10(5), 2.106 x 10(5), 2.2.7 x 10(4), 5.085 x 10(4), respectively. The means K-oc values on the organobentonites are about ten to twenty times larger than the values on the soils/sediments, what is significant prerequisite for organobentonite to apply to remediation of pollution soil and groundwater. The sorption mechanism was also evaluated from octanol-water partition coefficients and aqueous solubility of PAHs. The correlations between 1gK(oc) and 1gK(ow), 1gK(oc) and 1gS for PAHs in th

关键词： organobentonites polycyclic aromatic hydrycarbons partition

Chemical behavior of organic compounds in the interface of water/dual-cation organobentonite

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Journal of environmental sciences 2002年第1期14卷 12-19页

作者： chen Bao liang ZHU Li zhong department of environmental{2. Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310028China.

The sorption behavior of polar or ionizable organic compounds, such as p nitrophenol, phenol and aniline, in the water/organobentonite systems is investigated. Both adsorption and partition occur to the sorption of organic compounds to dual cation organobentonites. The separate contributions of adsorption and partition to the total sorption of organic compounds to dual cation organobentonites are analyzed mathematically in the first time. The factors to the contributions are also discussed. The results indicated that the contribution of adsorption and partition is related to the composition and ratio of dual cation surfactants exchanging onto the bentonite. The sorption of organic compounds to dual cation organobentonite is dominated by adsorption at low concentrations and by partition at high concentrations, making the organobentonites powerful sorbents for organic contaminants over wide range of concentrations.

关键词： dual-cation organobentonite p-nitrophenol phenol aniline sorption behavior

Tricrystalline TiO_2.with enhanced photocatalytic activity and durability for removing volatile organic compounds from indoor air

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Journal of environmental sciences 2015年第6期27卷 189-195页

作者： Kunyang chen Lizhong Zhu Kun Yang department of environmental{2. Zhejiang University zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

It is important to develop efficient and economic techniques for removing volatile organic compounds（VOCs） in indoor air. Heterogeneous Ti O2.based semiconductors are a promising technology for achieving this goal. Anatase/brookite/rutile tricrystalline Ti O2.with mesoporous structure was synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal route in the presence of *** obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and N2.adsorption-desorption isotherm. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by photocatalytic decomposition of toluene in air under UV light illumination. The results show that tricrystalline Ti O2.exhibited higher photocatalytic activity and durability toward gaseous toluene than bicrystalline Ti O2.due to the synergistic effects of high surface area, uniform mesoporous structure and junctions among mixed phases. The tricrystalline Ti O2.prepared at R HNO3= 0.8, containing80.7% anatase, 15.6% brookite and 3.7% rutile, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity,about 3.85-fold higher than that of P2.. The high activity did not significantly degrade even after five reuse cycles. In conclusion, it is expected that our study regarding gas-phase degradation of toluene over tricrystalline Ti O2.will enrich the chemistry of the Ti O2.based materials as photocatalysts for environmental remediation and stimulate further research interest on this intriguing topic.

关键词： VOC Photocatalysis Tricrystalline TiO2.Nanomaterials Mesoporous Gaseous