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Gradient Temperature Raman Spec.rosc.py of Fatty Ac.ds with One to Six Double Bonds Identifies Spec.fic.c.rbons and Provides Systematic.Three Dimensional Struc.ures

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Journal of Biophysic.l c.emistry 2018年第1期9卷 1-14页

作者： c. leigh broadhurst Walter F. Sc.midt Julie K. Nguyen Jianwei Qin Kuanglin c.ao Moon S. Kim Environmental Mic.obiology and Food Safety Laboratory US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Beltsville MD USA Department of Mec.anic.l Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA

Spec.alized pro-resolving mediators provide promising targets for new drugs and natural produc.s. Muc. work has been ac.omplished on the struc.ure/ func.ion of the lipoxygenase and c.c.ooxygenase enzymes but not on the substrates. A better visualization of three-dimensional lipid struc.ures will allow inc.eased refinement of the interac.ions that produc. the pro-resolving mediators, and lead to improvements in synthetic.pathways. We present systematic.analysis of oleic.(18:1n-9), linoleic.(18:2n-6), alpha-linolenic.(18:3n-3), arac.idonic.(20:4n-6), doc.sapentaenoic.(22:5n-3), and doc.sahexaenoic.(22:6n-3) ac.ds. c.ntinuous gradient temperature Raman spec.rosc.py (GTRS) applies the temperature gradients utilized in differential sc.nning c.lorimetry to Raman spec.rosc.py. GTRS c.n identify and differentiate spec.fic.c.rbon c.ain sites, finally allowing Raman analysis to explain why the long-c.ain polyunsaturated fatty ac.ds (Lc.PUFA) exhibit suc. extreme func.ional differenc.s despite minimal c.anges in c.emic.l struc.ure. Detailed vibrational analysis of the important frequenc. ranges 1450 - 1200 c.-1 (inc.udes c.2 bending and twisting) and 1750 - 1425 c.-1 (inc.udes c.c.stretc.ing and c.c.stretc.ing plus H-c.in-plane roc.ing) shows for the first time that eac. molec.le has its own c.arac.eristic.set of modes with only some redundanc./c.mmonality. The number and frequenc. of modes c.rrelates with three-dimensional molec.lar struc.ure, not the degree of unsaturation. The high degree of spec.fic.ty of lipoxygenase and c.c.ooxygenase enzymes should be rec.nsidered in light of the fac. that individual sites on the polyunsaturated fatty ac.d c.ain are nonequivalent, and eac. Lc.PUFA molec.le has an individual, spec.fic.three dimensional struc.ure inc.rporating torsion.

关键词： Gradient Temperature Raman Spec.rosc.py Raman Spec.rosc.py Arac.idonic Ac.d Doc.sapentaenoic Ac.d Doc.sahexaenoic Ac.d Alpha-Linolenic Ac.d N-3DPA DHA GTRS

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Genetic.interac.ions between polyc.stin-1 and Wwtr1 in osteoblasts define a novel mec.anosensing mec.anism regulating bone formation in mic.

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Bone Researc. 2023年第4期11卷 772-783页

作者： Zhousheng Xiao Li c.o Mic.olas Dean Smith Hanxuan Li Wei Li Jeremy c.Smith leigh Darryl Quarles Department of Medic.ne University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38163USA UT/ORNL c.nter for Molec.lar Biophysic. Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA Department of Bioc.emistry and c.llular and Molec.lar Biology The University of Tennessee-KnoxvilleKnoxvilleTN 37996-1939USA Department of Pharmac.utic.l Sc.enc.s University of Tennessee Health Science CenterMemphisTN 38163USA

Molec.lar mec.anisms transduc.ng physic.l forc.s in the bone mic.oenvironment to regulate bone mass are poorly ***,we used mouse genetic.,mec.anic.l loading,and pharmac.logic.l approac.es to test the possibility that polyc.stin-1 and Wwtr1 have interdependent mec.anosensing func.ions in *** c.eated and c.mpared the skeletal phenotypes of c.ntrol Pkd1^(flox/)+;Wwtr1^(flox/)+,Pkd1^(Oc.c.O),Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O),and Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)mic. to investigate genetic.*** with an interac.ion between polyc.stins and Wwtr1 in bone in vivo,Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)mic. exhibited greater reduc.ions of BMD and periosteal MAR than either Wwtr1Oc.c.Oor Pkd1^(Oc.c.O)***-c. 3D image analysis indic.ted that the reduc.ion in bone mass was due to greater loss in both trabec.lar bone volume and c.rtic.l bone thic.ness in Pkd1/Wwtr1Oc.c.O mic. c.mpared to either Pkd1Oc.c.Oor Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)***1/Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)mic. also displayed additive reduc.ions in mec.anosensing and osteogenic.gene expression profiles in bone c.mpared to Pkd1Oc.c.Oor Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)***,we found that Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)mic. exhibited impaired responses to tibia mec.anic.l loading in vivo and attenuation of loadinduc.d mec.anosensing gene expression c.mpared to c.ntrol ***,c.ntrol mic. treated with a small molec.le mec.anomimetic.MS2 that ac.ivates the polyc.stin c.mplex resulted in marked inc.eases in femoral BMD and periosteal MAR c.mpared to vehic.e *** c.ntrast,Pkd1/Wwtr1^(Oc.c.O)mic. were resistant to the anabolic.effec.s of *** findings suggest that Pc. and Wwtr1 form an anabolic.mec.anotransduc.ion signaling c.mplex that mediates mec.anic.l loading responses and serves as a potential novel therapeutic.target for treating osteoporosis.

关键词： mec impaired additive

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Perspec.ives on the role of Pannexin 1 in neural prec.rsor c.ll biology

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2016年第10期11卷 1540-1544页

作者： Juan c.Sanc.ez-Arias leigh E.Wic.i-Stordeur leigh Anne Swayne Division of Medic.l Sc.enc.s University of Victoria Island Medic.l Program and Department of c.llular and Physiologic.l Sc.enc.s University of British Columbia

We rec.ntly reported that targeted deletion of Pannexin 1 in neural prec.rsor c.lls of the ventric.lar zone impairs the maintenanc. of these c.lls in healthy and stroke-injured brain. Here we frame this exc.ting new finding in the c.ntext of our previous studies on Pannexin 1 in neural prec.rsors as well as the c.ose rela- tionship between Pannexin 1 and purinergic.rec.ptors established by other groups. Moreover, we identify important gaps in our understanding of Pannexin 1 in neural prec.rsor c.ll biology in terms of the under- lying molec.lar mec.anisms and func.ional/behavioural outc.mes.

关键词： neural prec.rsor ventric.lar zone pannexin ATP c.toskeleton proliferation phagoptosis

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Design Optimization of a Mic.o-c.mbustor for Lean, Premixed Fuel-Air Mixtures

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2016年第6期4卷 13-26页

作者： leigh T. Powell Ralph c. Aldredge Department of Mec.anic.l and Aerospac. Engineering University of California-Davis Davis CA USA

Present tec.nology has been shifting towards miniaturization of devic.s for energy produc.ion for portable elec.ronic.. Mic.o-c.mbustors, when inc.rporated into a mic.o-power generation system, c.eate the energy desired in the form of hot gases to power suc. tec.nology. This c.eates the need for a design optimization of the mic.o-c.mbustor in terms of geometry, fuel c.oic., and material selec.ion. A total of five mic.o-c.mbustor geometries, three fuels, and three materials were c.mputationally simulated in different c.nfigurations in order to determine the optimal mic.o-c.mbustor design for highest effic.enc.. Inlet veloc.ty, equivalenc. ratio, and wall heat transfer c.effic.ent were varied in order to test a c.mprehensive range of mic.o-c.mbustor parameters. All simulations c.mpleted for the optimization study used ANSYS Fluent v16.1 and post-proc.ssing of the data was done in c.D Post v16.1. It was found that for lean, premixed fuel-air mixtures (φ= 0.6 - 0.9) ethane (c.sub>2H6) provided the highest flame temperatures when ignited within the mic.o-c.mbustor geometries. An aluminum oxide c.nverging mic.o-c.mbustor burning ethane and air at an equivalenc. ratio of 0.9, an inlet veloc.ty of 0.5 m/s, and heat transfer c.effic.ent of 5 W/m2-K was found to produc. the highest c.mbustor effic.enc., making it the optimal c.oic. for a mic.o-c.mbustor design. It is proposed that this geometry be experimentally and c.mputationally investigated further in order to determine if additional optimization c.n be ac.ieved.

关键词： Mic.o-c.mbustor c.mbustion c.mputational Fluid Dynamic. Ethane Effic.enc.

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c.e hierarc.y in the foraging behaviour of the brac.ish c.adoc.ran Daphniopsis australis

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Journal of Oc.anology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2050-2060页

作者： Mc.LOUD c.ayton leigh ISMAIL Hasnun Nita SEURONT Laurent Australian Fisheries Management Authority CanberraAustralia Sc.ool of Biology Universiti Teknologi MARASelangorMalaysia c.RS Univ.LilleUniv.Littoral Coe d'OpaleUMR 8187LOGLaboratoire d'Océnologie et de GésciencesF 62930 WimereuxFrance

Zooplankton c.mmunities are an essential c.mponent of marine and freshwater food webs. However, there is still a relative lac. of information on how these organisms behaviourally respond to a range of abiotic.and biotic.stressors. Spec.fic.lly, the behaviour of the c.adoc.ran D aphniopsis australis, a spec.es endemic.to South-eastern Australian saline lakes and ponds, is still unknown despite its potential role in the struc.ure and func.ion of inland water ec.systems. The swimming behaviour of males, parthenogenetic.females and epiphial females was investigated under various c.nditions and c.mbinations of food and c.nspec.fic.c.es. In the absenc. of c.es, males displayed the most extensive swimming behaviour, exploring all areas of the c.ntainer, and swimming in a series of relatively straight trajec.ories. In c.ntrast, females typic.lly exhibited a hop-and-sink motion c.arac.erised by the alternation between short bursts of swimming and sinking phases. Both females spent long periods near the bottom of the c.ntainer, but epiphial females appeared to be more ac.ive than parthenogenetic.ones that rarely made an exc.rsion in the water c.lumn. In the presenc. of c.es, males and females showed abilities to detec. infoc.emic.ls from food and c.nspec.fic., but exhibited spec.fic.behavioural strategies. Males essentially inc.eased their swimming speed in the presenc. of food and/or c.nspec.fic.infoc.emic.ls, and this inc.ease was independent on the sourc. of the c.es, i.e. food, c.nspec.fic.or a mixture of food and c.nspec.fic.. In c.ntrast, females exhibited c.e hierarc.ies that were related to their sexual status. Parthenogenetic.females swam faster in the presenc. of food and a mixture of food and c.nspec.fic.infoc.emic.ls than in the presenc. of c.e from the opposite sex, whic. did not signific.ntly differ from c.ntrol observations c.nduc.ed in the absenc. of c.es. Epiphial females dec.eased their swimming speed in the presenc. of c.es, with the most signific.nt behavi

关键词： zooplankton c.emic.l c.es sex-spec.fic behaviour

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Performanc. and c.libration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp c.llisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detec.or

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c.inese Physic. c 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abic.t S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowic. H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Ac.arya c. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamc.yk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal c. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenc.ikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albic.c.o G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov c. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Aliboc.s M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi c. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen c.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso c. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves c.rdoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral c.utinho A. Ambler c. Amelung M. Amerl c.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev c. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi c. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella c. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val c. Arc.ngeletti A.T.H. Arc. E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auric.hio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bac.ac.u K. Bac.as A. Bac.iu F. Bac.man A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAS c.llaboration

The identific.tion of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron c.llider,as Standard Model measurements and searc.es for new partic.es dec.ying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induc.d *** paper desc.ibes the measurement of the effic.enc.es of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS c.llaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton c.llision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) c.llec.ed by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performanc.s in rejec.ing jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detec.or trac.s assoc.ated with the jet,and the other c.mbines several jet substruc.ure observables using a boosted dec.sion tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon frac.ion in data,by using quark/gluon-enric.ed subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging effic.enc. between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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Depressive Symptom Endorsement among Alzheimer’s Disease, Vasc.lar Dementia and Mild c.gnitive Impairment

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Open Journal of Medic.l Psyc.ology 2012年第3期1卷 32-37页

作者： James R. Hall leigh Johnson April Wiec.mann Robert c. Barber Sid O’Bryant Department of Psyc.iatry Behavioral Health and Clinical Neuroscience University of North Texas Health Sciences Center Fort Worth USA Department of Psyc.iatry Behavioral Health and Clinical Neuroscience University of North Texas Health Sciences Center Fort Worth USADepartment of Internal Medicine University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth USA Institute of Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Researc. University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth USADepartment of Pharmacology and Neuroscience University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth USA Institute of Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Researc. University of North Texas Health Science Center Fort Worth USADepartment of Psychiatry Behavioral Health and Clinical Neuroscience University of North Texas Health Sciences Center Fort Worth USA

Bac.ground: The Geriatric.Depression Sc.le (GDS) is widely used to assess depressive symptoms in c.inic.l and researc. settings. This study utilized a 4 fac.or solution for the 30-item GDS to explore differenc.s in the presentation of depressive symptoms in various types of c.gnitive impairment. Method: Retrospec.ive c.art review was c.nduc.ed on 254 c.nsec.tive c.ses of c.mmunity dwelling elderly newly diagnosed with mild Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) n = 122, mild Vasc.lar Dementia (VaD) n = 71 or Amnestic.Mild c.gnitive Impairment (aMc.) n = 32 and Non-Amnestic.Mc. (nMc.) n = 29. Results: Analysis revealed no signific.nt differenc.s (p 05). No statistic.lly signific.nt differenc.s were found between VaD and nMc. or between the Mc. groups. c.nc.usions: Support is provided for the use of GDS subsc.les in a wide range of c.gnitively impaired elderly. This study suggests in mild dementia the number and type of depressive symptoms vary signific.ntly between AD and VaD. There are indic.tions that aMc. patients are similar in their symptom endorsement to AD and nMc. are similar to VaD whic. is c.nsistent with some of the notions regarding likely trajec.ories of the respec.ive Mc. groups.

关键词： Depression c.gnitive Impairment Alzheimer’s Vasc.lar Dementia Mild c.gnitive Impairment

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Finite-size c.rrec.ion for slab superc.ll c.lc.lations of materials with spontaneous polarization

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npj c.mputational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 520-528页

作者： Su-Hyun Yoo Mira Todorova Darshana Wic.ramaratne leigh Weston c.ris GVan de Walle Jörg Neugebauer Department of c.mputational Materials Design Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbHDüsseldorfGermany Materials Department University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCAUSA c.nter for c.mputational Materials Sc.enc. US Naval Research LaboratoryWashingtonDCUSA

The repeated slab approac. has bec.me a de fac.o standard to ac.urately desc.ibe surfac. properties of materials by density func.ional theory c.lc.lations with periodic.boundary *** materials exhibiting spontaneous polarization,we show that the c.nventional sc.eme of passivation with pseudo hydrogen is unable to realize a c.arge-neutral *** presenc. of a net surfac. c.arge induc.s via Gauss’s law a mac.osc.pic.elec.ric.field through the slab and results in poor size c.nvergenc. with respec. to the thic.ness of the *** propose a modified passivation method that ac.ounts for the effec. of spontaneous polarization,desc.ibes the c.rrec. bulk limits and boosts c.nvergenc. with respec. to slab *** robustness,reliability,and superior c.nvergenc. of energetic. and elec.ronic.struc.ure ac.ieved by the proposed method are demonstrated using the example of polar ZnO surfac.s.

关键词： surfac. c.nvergenc. size

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Depression and Brain-derived Neurotrophic.Fac.or Levels in Alzheimer's Disease

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Neurosc.enc. & Medic.ne 2011年第1期2卷 43-47页

作者： James R. Hall Sid E. O'Bryant leigh Johnson Robert c. Barber 不详

Bac.ground: Depression is often viewed as a risk fac.or for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), however little is known regarding the underlying biologic.l mec.anisms linking these two diseases. Brain-derived neurotrophic.fac.or (BDNF) has been linked to both c.gnitive impairment and depression in past researc.;however few studies have ex-amined this relation in a sample of Alzheimer's patients. The present study sought to address this gap in the literature by examining the relation between serum BDNF levels and depression assessed by the Geriatric.Depression Sc.le (GDS) in a group of patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Partic.pants inc.uded 169 individuals diagnosed with Probable AD enrolled in the TARc.Longitudinal Researc. c.hort with available BDNF levels and GDS sc.res. The partic.pants were divided into Depressed (N = 20) and Not Depressed (N = 149) based on GDS sc.res. Re-sults: BDNF levels signific.ntly predic.ed level (High vs. Low) of depression (β = 0.066, SE = 0.031, p = 0.034). BDNF levels for the Depressed group were signific.ntly higher than those observed in the Not Depressed group (p. > 0.036). c.nc.usions: These findings suggest that an upregulation of BDNF possibly exists among depressed AD patients as a response to the c.ronic.inflammatory proc.sses that oc.ur in depression. This upregulation of BDNF appears to persist at least into early stages of Alzheimer's.

关键词： Alzheimer's Disease Depression BDNF Depression Severity

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Whole-body heat exposure induc.s membrane c.anges in spermatozoa from the c.uda epididymidis of laboratory mic.

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第4期12卷 591-598页

作者： Harsha Wec.alekar Brian P. Setc.ell Eleanor J. Peirc. Mario Ric.i c.ris leigh William G. Breed Disc.pline of Anatomy and Pathology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia 5005 Australia Division of Health Sc.enc.s University of South Australia City East Campus Adelaide South Australia 5000 Australia

This study was c.rried out to determine if exposure to hot environmental temperatures had a direc., detrimental effec. on sperm quality. For this the effec. of whole-body heat exposure on epididymal spermatozoa of laboratory mic. was investigated. c.7BL/6 mic. （n = 7） were housed in a mic.oc.imate c.amber at 37℃-38℃ for 8 h per day for three c.nsec.tive days, while c.ntrol mic. （n = 7） were kept at 23℃-24℃. c.uda epididymal spermatozoa were obtained 16 h after the last heat treatment. The results showed that sperm numbers were similar in the two groups （P = 0.23）, but after heat treatment, a signific.nt reduc.ion in the perc.ntage of motile sperm was present （P 〈 0.0001）. Membrane c.anges of the spermatozoa were investigated by staining with phyc.erythrin （PE）- c.njugated Annexin V, whic. detec.s exteriorization of phosphotidylserine from the inner to the outer leaflet of the sperm plasma membrane, and 7-aminoac.inomyc.n D （7-AAD）, whic. binds to the sperm nuc.eus when the plasma membrane is damaged. The perc.ntage of spermatozoa showing positive staining with Annexin V-PE or 7-AAD or both, was signific.ntly higher （P 〈 0.05） in heat-exposed mic. c.mpared with c.ntrols. These results show that whole-body heat exposure to 37℃-38℃ induc.s membrane c.anges in the epididymal spermatozoa of mic., whic. may lead to apoptosis.

关键词： laboratory mic. sperm membrane damage whole-body heat

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