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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2021年第1期7卷 748-756页

作者： brian W.Cross Michael S.Cookson Department of Urology University of OklahomaOklahoma CityOK 73104USA.

Cytoreductive nephrectomy has been a mainstay in treating patients with synchronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)for over two *** was supported in part by level 1 evidence that showed improved survival for patients undergoing radical nephrectomy before initiation of systemic therapy dating back almost 20 *** that time,the landscape of systemic therapy for mRCC has shifted mainly from Il-2 based therapy to tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway,and now to immunotherapy with PD-l1 *** the significant advancements in systemic therapy for patients with mRCC,the role of cytoreductive nephrectomy and sequencing of treatment has been *** randomized studies appear to disprove the theory that upfront cytoreduction improves overall survival,particularly in the TKI era,and thus treating physicians are faced with conflicting data to guide treatment *** role of cytoreductive nephrectomy is in evolution,and so is the timing of surgery in selected *** with available evidence coupled with patient selection and targeted therapy should help to inform ***,an initial course of systemic therapy followed by consideration of nephrectomy in those with a favorable response may be the most prudent algorithm outside the context of a clinical trial.

关键词： Metastatic kidney cancer immediate vs.delayed cytoreductive nephrectomy survival

Additive Manufacture of Ceramics Components by Inkjet Printing

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Engineering 2015年第1期1卷 113-123页

作者： brian Derby School of Materials University of Manchester

In order to build a ceramic component by inkjet printing, the object must be fabricated through the interaction and solidification of drops, typically in the range of 10–100 p l. In order to achieve this goal, stable ceramic inks must be developed. These inks should satisfy specific rheological conditions that can be illustrated within a parameter space defined by the Reynolds and Weber numbers. Printed drops initially deform on impact with a surface by dynamic dissipative processes, but then spread to an equilibrium shape defined by capillarity. We can identify the processes by which these drops interact to form linear features during printing, but there is a poorer level of understanding as to how 2D and 3D structures form. The stability of 2D sheets of ink appears to be possible over a more limited range of process conditions that is seen with the formation of lines. In most cases, the ink solidifies through evaporation and there is a need to control the drying process to eliminate the "coffee ring" defect. Despite these uncertainties, there have been a large number of reports on the successful use of inkjet printing for the manufacture of small ceramic components from a number of different ceramics. This technique offers good prospects as a future manufacturing technique. This review identifies potential areas for future research to improve our understanding of this manufacturing method.

关键词： additive manufacture 3D printing inkjet printing,ceramic components

Central Asian aridification during the late Eocene to early Miocene inferred from preliminary study of shallow marine-eolian sedimentary rocks from northeastern Tajik Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2016年第6期59卷 1242-1257页

作者： WANG Xin brian KRAATZ Jin MENG Barbara CARRAPA Peter DECEllES Mark ClEMENTZ Sherzod ABDUlOV CHEN FaHu Key laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Western University of Health Sciences Pomona 91766USA American Museum of Natural History New York 10024USA Department of Geosciences University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA Department of Geology and Geophysics University of WyomingLaramie 82071USA Institute of Geology Earthquake Engineering and Seismology of the Academy of SciencesTajikistan CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China

The tempo-spatial development of the Cenozoic Asian aridification across the Eocene-Oligocene and its controlling factors are important scientific topics in Earth Sciences, which are pertinent to regional and global tectonic and climatic events. However, sedimentary rocks preserving the record of aridification during this time from central Asia(ACA) are rare. Here we present a preliminary analysis of sedimentary facies of the lower Paleogene in the northeastern Tajik Basin, which reveals that: the lower part of the studied section is dominated by shallow marine deposits of the Paratethys, the middle part is typical of alternations of eolian dune and fluvial deposits, the upper part is represented by eolian loess-sandy loess(l&Sl) like facies, and the top exhibits alternations of fluvial-lacustrine and loess like facies. Based on a chronological framework derived from preliminary magnetostratigraphy, published U-Pb dating of a volcanic ash, and regional litho-stratigraphic correlations, we determine that eolian and l&Sl facies accumulated in the northeastern Tajik Basin during the late Eocene and through most of the Oligocene. These sedimentary units indicate that semi-arid to arid environments of ACA had developed at least since the late Eocene. This initial aridification is closely linked to the westward retreat of the Paratethys that was likely driven by a combination of tectonic activity and sea level changes.

关键词： Northeastern Tajik Basin Paleogene Eolian deposits Paratethys Aridification

Increasing the value of weather-related warnings

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Science Bulletin 2019年第10期64卷 647-649页

作者： Qinghong Zhang liye li Beth Ebert brian Golding David Johnston brian Mills Shannon Panchuk Sally Potter Michael Riemer Juanzhen Sun Andrea Taylor Sarah Jones Paolo Ruti Julia Keller HIWeather International Coordination Office Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Deutscher Wetterdienst Research and Development Offenbach 6306乙 Germany World Weather Research Division World Meteorological Organization Geneva 1211 Switzerland Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Bureau of Meteorology Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia Met Office Exeter Devon EXI 3PB UK GNS Science/Massey University Willington 6140 New Zealand University of Waterloo and Environment and Climate Change Canada Waterloo N2L 3G1 Canada Institute of Atmospheric Physics University of Mainz Mainz 55128 Germany National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO 80307-3000 USA University of leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK

Despite advances in forecasting and emergency preparedness, weather related disasters continue to cost many lives, to displace populations and to cause wide-spread damage. Therefore, High Impact Weather Project (HIWeather), a 10-year research project (https://***/en/resources/buHetin/hiweather-10-yearresearch- project), was established in 2016 by WM0 (World Meteorology Organization) WWRP (World Weather Research Program: https://***/pages/prog/arep/wwrp/new/wwrp_new_en. html). HIWeather aimed at achieving dramatic improvements in the effectiveness of weather-related hazard warnings, following recent advancement in numerical weather prediction at km-scale and in disaster risk reduction. The implementation plan was developed under the concept of warning chain, which comprises all components and the connections between to a successful weather-hazards warning: observations, weather forecast, hazard forecast, impact forecast, the generation of warnings and decision making (Fig. 1). A successful warning relies on information produced by the meteorological and related physical sciences, thus its effectiveness of delivery depends on applications of social, behavioral and economic sciences. The workshop of WM0 High Impact Weather Project was held in Beijing during 20-22 November of 2018, attracted a diverse and interdisciplinary group of over 70 scientists from 25 countries in the broad field of physical and social science, during which all elements of the warning chain were discussed critically.

关键词： Despite advances forecasting and emergency weather related disasters

Correlation of in vivo tumor response and singlet oxygen luminescence detection in mTHPC-mediated photodynamic therapy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第1期8卷 106-112页

作者： brian C.Wilson Michael S.Patterson Buhong li Mark T.Jarvi Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto/University Health Network Toronto Ontario M5G 1L7Canada Juravinski Cancer Centre and McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8V 5C2Canada MOE Key laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine Fujian Provincial Key laboratory for Photonics Technology Fujian Normal University FuzhouFujian 350007P.R.China

Excited-state singlet axygen(^(1)O_(2)),generated during photodynamic therapy(PDT),is believed to be the primary cytotoxic agent with a number of clinically approved *** relative concentration in cells or tissues can be measured directly through its near-infrared(NIR)luminescence emission,which has correlated well with in vitro cell and in triro normal skin treatment ***,its correlation with the response of tumor tiss1e in vito is examined,using the photosensitizer meso-tetralydroxyphenylchlorin(mTHPC)in an animal model comprising luciferase-and green fluorescent protein(GFP)-transduced gliosarcoma grown in a dorsal window *** change in the bioluminescence signal,imaged pre-treatment and at 2,5 and 9 d post treatment,was used as a quantitative measure of the tumor response,which was classified in individual tumors as"non","moderate"and"strong"in order to reduce the variance in the *** the bioluminescence-based response vs the^(1)O_(2)counts demonstrated clear correlation,indicating tha^(1)O_(2)luminescence provides a valid do-simetric technique for PDT in tumor tissue.

关键词： Photodynamice therapy singlet axygen lumninescence dosinetry bioluminescence

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Early acute kidney injury after liver transplantation: Predisposing factors and clinical implications

2015年

作者： (美)布莱恩·魏斯(brian l. Weiss)

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第18期9卷 823-832页

作者： Suehana Rahman Susan V Mallett brian R Davidson Royal Free Perioperative Research Group Department of Anaesthesia Royal Free Hospital Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust Department of Surgery Royal Free Hospital Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust

To investigate the additional clinical impact of hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) on patients sustaining acute kidney injury (AKI) following liver transplantation. METHODSThis was a single-centre retrospective study of consecutive adult patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OlT) between January 2013 and June 2014. Early AKI was identified by measuring serum creatinine at 24 h post OlT (> 1.5 × baseline) or by the use of continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (CVVHF) during the early post-operative period. Patients with and without AKI were compared to identify risk factors associated with this complication. Peak serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) within 24 h post-OlT was used as a surrogate marker for HIRI and severity was classified as minor (l), moderate (1000-5000 IU/l) or severe (> 5000 IU/l). The impact on time to extubation, intensive care length of stay, incidence of chronic renal failure and 90-d mortality were examined firstly for each of the two complications (AKI and HIRI) alone and then as a combined outcome. RESUlTSOut of the 116 patients included in the study, 50% developed AKI, 24% required CVVHF and 70% sustained moderate or severe HIRI. Median peak AST levels were 1248 IU/l and 2059 IU/l in the No AKI and AKI groups respectively (P = 0.0003). Furthermore, peak serum AST was the only consistent predictor of AKI on multivariate analysis P = 0.02. AKI and HIRI were individually associated with a longer time to extubation, increased length of intensive care unit stay and reduced survival. However, the patients who sustained both AKI and moderate or severe HIRI had a longer median time to extubation (P length of stay (P = 0.001) than those with either complication alone. Ninety-day survival in the group sustaining both AKI and moderate or severe HIRI was 89%, compared to 100% in the groups with either or neither complication (P = 0.049). CONClUSIONHIRI has an important role in the devel

关键词： Hepatic ischaemia reperfusion injury liver transplantation Perioperative care Acute kidney injury Marginal grafts

Fast and interpretable classification of small X-ray diffraction datasets using data augmentation and deep neural networks

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 624-632页

作者： Felipe Oviedo Zekun Ren Shijing Sun Charles Settens Zhe liu Noor Titan Putri Hartono Savitha Ramasamy brian l.DeCost Siyu I.P.Tian Giuseppe Romano Aaron Gilad Kusne Tonio Buonassisi Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139USA Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Singapore 138602Singapore Institute for Infocomm Research(I2R) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138632Singapore National Institute of Standards and Technology MS 8520GaithersburgMD 20899USA

X-ray diffraction(XRD)data acquisition and analysis is among the most time-consuming steps in the development cycle of novel thin-film *** propose a machine learning-enabled approach to predict crystallographic dimensionality and space group from a limited number of thin-film XRD *** overcome the scarce data problem intrinsic to novel materials development by coupling a supervised machine learning approach with a model-agnostic,physics-informed data augmentation strategy using simulated data from the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database(ICSD)and experimental *** a test case,115 thin-film metalhalides spanning three dimensionalities and seven space groups are synthesized and *** testing various algorithms,we develop and implement an all convolutional neural network,with cross-validated accuracies for dimensionality and space group classification of 93 and 89%,*** propose average class activation maps,computed from a global average pooling layer,to allow high model interpretability by human experimentalists,elucidating the root causes of ***,we systematically evaluate the maximum XRD pattern step size(data acquisition rate)before loss of predictive accuracy occurs,and determine it to be 0.16°2θ,which enables an XRD pattern to be obtained and classified in 5.5 min or less.

关键词： neural networks dimensionality

How to establish an endoscopic bariatric practice

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 178-186页

作者： Daniel B Maselli lauren l Donnangelo brian Coan Christopher E McGowan Clinical Research True You Weight LossAtlantaGA 30342United States Clinical Research True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States

Obesity is a chronic,progressive,and relapsing disease of excess adiposity that contributes to more than two hundred medical conditions and is projected to affect more than half the adult population of the United States by the year *** the limited penetrance of traditional bariatric surgery,as well as the cost and adherence barriers to anti-obesity medications,there is growing interest in the rapidly evolving field of endoscopic bariatric therapies(EBTs).EBTs are minimally invasive,same-day,per-oral endoscopic procedures and include endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,intragastric balloons,and endoscopic bariatric revisional *** field represents an exciting and innovative subspe-cialty within ***,building a successful endoscopic bariatric practice requires intentional,coordinated,and sustained efforts to overcome the numerous obstacles to *** barriers include acquisition of the technical and cognitive skillset,practice limitations including the availability of nutrition counseling,facility capabilities,direct-to-consumer marketing,and financial pressures such as facility and anesthesia *** the highest-volume center for metabolic and bariatric endoscopy in the United States,we provide insights into successfully establishing an endoscopic bariatric program.

关键词： Obesity Endoscopic bariatric therapies Bariatric endoscopy Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Intragastric balloon Practice management

Aerosol jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： Joseph Rich brian Cole Teng li Brandon lu Hanyu Fu Brittany N.Smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James l.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Franklin Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes,including high-precision manipulation,versatility,integrability,biocompatibility,contactless nature,and rapid ***,the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based *** simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions,we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol jet *** successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials,including silver nanowires,graphene,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol jet printed SAW microfluidic devices with their cleanroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displacements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directly measured through scanning laser Doppler ***,to exhibit the capability of the aerosol jet printed devices for lab-on-a-chip applications,we successfully conducted acoustic streaming and particle concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel solution-based,direct-write,single-step,cleanroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidly develop SAW microfluidic devices that shows viability for applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fluid