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Correlation and variability analysis of yield and quality related traits in different peanut varieties across various ecological zones of China

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第4期8卷 236-242页

作者： Zhihui Wang Yue Zhang Liying Yan Yuning Chen Yanping Kang Dongxin Huai Xin Wang Kede Liu Huifang Jiang Yong Lei boshou liao The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430062China National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding TechnologyNational Center of Oil Crop Improvement(Wuhan)Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan430070China

Peanut cultivation in China spans various ecological zones, each with unique environmental conditions. Identifying suitable peanut varieties for these regions has been challenging due to significant phenotypic variations observed across environments. This study, based on a comprehensive analysis of 256 peanut varieties, selected nine representative varieties(Huayu23, Yuanza9102, Silihong, Wanhua2, Zhonghua6, Zhonghua16, Zhonghua21,Zhonghua215, Zhonghua24) for cultivation in five distinct ecological zones including Chengdu, Hefei, Nanjing,Shijiazhuang, and Wuhan. The yield and quality related phenotypic traits of these varieties were thoroughly assessed, revealing a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Principal component analysis(PCA) effectively distinguished varieties based on yield and quality traits. Strong correlations were observed between specific traits, such as seed size and quality components. The G × E interaction was evident, as some varieties consistently performed better in certain environments. Varieties with lower coefficient of variation(CV)values exhibited stable trait expression, making them reliable choices for broad cultivation. In contrast, varieties with higher CV values displayed greater sensitivity to environmental fluctuations, potentially due to specific genetic factors. Two high oleic acid varieties, Zhonghua24 and Zhonghua215, demonstrated remarkable stability in oleic acid content across diverse environments, suggesting the presence of genetic mechanisms that buffer against environmental variations. Overall, this study underscores the importance of selecting peanut varieties based on their adaptability and performance in specific ecological zones. These findings provide valuable insights for peanut breeders and farmers, facilitating informed decisions for improved crop production and quality.

关键词： Peanut Yield trait Quality trait Correlation analysis Variability analysis

The quantity of OA and activity of cellulase and polygalacturonase are involved in variation of virulence in Sclerotium rolfsii

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第2期8卷 121-126页

作者： Dongyang Yu Wanduo Song Qianqian Wang Yanping Kang Yong Lei Zhihui Wang Yuning Chen Dongxin Huai Wang Xin boshou liao Liying Yan Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of Agricultural and Rural AffairsHubeiWuhan430062China

In order to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of Sclerotium rolfsii on peanut and to analyze the variation of virulence in S.rolfsii strains,the highly virulent strain(ZY2)and weakly virulent strain(GP3-1)were investigated under both in vivo and in vitro conditions.The results indicated that S.rolfsii directly infected peanut by producing infection cushions.ZY2 formed infection cushions earlier than GP3-1,and ZY2 produced a greater number of infection cushions compare to GP3-1.Both strains could utilize cellulose,xylose,or polygalacturonic acid in the Czapek medium.The activities of cellulase(CL)and polygalacturonase(PG)in the inoculated peanut stems increased significantly at 9 h after inoculation.The activities of CL and PG produced by ZY2 in the inoculated stems were significantly higher than that produced by GP3-1.Both strains could produce oxalic acid(OA),and the content of OA produced by ZY2 in the inoculated stems was higher than that produced by GP3-1.In summary,it suggested that S.rolfsii destroyed peanut cells through physical and biochemical factors by secreting a large amount of OA,CL and PG during the formation of infection cushions.The difference in OA content,activity of CL and PG produced by highly and weakly virulent strains played important roles in variation of virulence.

关键词： Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Pathogenicity Virulence variation Microscopic observation Oxalic acid Cell wall degrading enzyme

Stable major QTL on chromosomes A07 and A08 increase shelling percentage in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第3期10卷 820-829页

作者： Weitao Li Nian Liu Li Huang Yuning Chen Jianbin Guo Bolun Yu Huaiyong Luo Xiaojing Zhou Dongxin Huai Weigang Chen Liying Yan Xin Wang Yong Lei boshou liao Huifang Jiang Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062HubeiChina

Peanut is a major oilseed and food legume.Shelling percentage(SP),closely associated with seed yield,is a trait whose improvement is a major goal of peanut breeding.In this study,a mapping population(Xuhua 13×Zhonghua 6)was used to map quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling SP in four environments.Two stable major QTL for SP were mapped on both SSR-and SNP-based genetic maps.q SPA07.1 on chromosome A07 explained up to 31.7%of phenotypic variation,and q SPA08.2 on chromosome A08 explained up to 10.8%.Favorable alleles of q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were derived from the female and male parents,respectively.Eight recombinant inbred lines(RILs)carrying both favorable alleles showed superiority in SP over the two parents in all environmental trials.A combination of the two favorable alleles using the linked markers was verified to increase SP by~5%in the RIL population and by~3%SP in diverse peanut cultivars.q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2 were delimited to respectively a 0.73-Mb interval harboring 96 genes and a 3.93-Mb interval harboring 238 genes.Respectively five and eight genes with high expression in pods,including enzymes and transcription factors,were assigned as candidate genes for q SPA07.1 and q SPA08.2.These consistent major QTL provide an opportunity for fine mapping of genes controlling SP,and the linked markers may be useful for genetic improvement of SP in peanut.

关键词： Peanut Shelling percentage QTL mapping Genomic region Candidate genes InDel marker

A review on biosynthesis and genetic regulation of aflatoxin production by major Aspergillus fungi

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Oil Crop Science 2020年第4期5卷 166-173页

作者： Junhua liao Zemin He Youlin Xia Yong Lei boshou liao Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences NanchongChina Oil Crops Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhanChina

Aflatoxins(AFs)are a group of secondary metabolites belonging to polyketide-derived furanocoumarins produced by Aspergillus fungi.As one type of mycotoxins,AFs are the most carcinogenic and toxic compounds for human and animal health,which might lead to serious contamination on agricultural products including peanut,maize and milk.Moreover,AF contamination in food chain was difficult to be controlled.This review summarizes the research progress on the types,producers and properties of AFs,gene clusters,AF biosynthesis and genetic regulation in major Aspergillus fungi,aiming to provide comprehensive information for developing cost-effective strategies on control of AF contamination in agriculture production and consequent food chain.

关键词： Aflatoxin Aspergillus fungi Biosynthesis Regulation

A systematic identification of cold tolerance genes in peanut using yeast functional screening system

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Oil Crop Science 2023年第3期8卷 184-190页

作者： Xin Wang Yue Liu Ruonan Yao Lei Ouyang Tingting Yu Liying Yan Yuning Chen Dongxin Huai Zhihui Wang Yanping Kang Qianqian Wang Huifang Jiang Yong Lei boshou liao Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan430062PR China State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan430062PR China

Peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)is a thermophilic crop,and low temperature leads to a significant reduction in annual yields.Despite a few cold tolerant germplasms or cultivars have been discovered and developed,molecular mechanisms governing peanut cold tolerance is poorly understood.Identification of keys genes involved in cold tolerance is the first step to address the underlying mechanism.In this study,we isolated and characterized 157 genes with potentials to confer cold tolerance in peanut by using a yeast functional screening system.GO(Gene ontology)and KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)enrichment analysis of these genes revealed that ribosome and photosynthesis proteins might play essential roles in peanut cold response.Transcriptome results indicated that 60 cold tolerance candidate genes were significantly induced or depressed by low temperature.qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that several candidate genes could be also regulated by salt or drought stress.Individual overexpression of two UDP-glycosyltransferases(AhUGT2 and AhUGT268)in transgenic yeast cells could enhance their tolerance to multiple abiotic stress.In conclusion,this study advances our understanding of the mechanisms associated with the cold stress responses in peanut,and offers valuable gene resources for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in crops.

关键词： Peanut Yeast screening system Cold tolerance UDP-glycosyltransferase Abiotic stress

Diversity characterization and association analysis of agronomic traits in a Chinese peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) mini-core collection

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第2期56卷 159-169页

作者： Huifang Jiang Li Huang Xiaoping Ren Yuning Chen Xiaojing Zhou Youlin Xia Jiaquan Huang Yong Lei Liying Yan Liyun Wan boshou liao Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchong Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Association mapping is a powerful approach for exploring the molecular basis of phenotypic variations in plants. A peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） mini-core collection in China comprising 298 accessions was genotyped using lo9 simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers, which identified 554 SSR alleles and phenotyped for 15 agronomic traits in three different environments, exhibiting abundant genetic and phenotypic diversity within the panel. A model-based structure analysis assigned all accessions to three groups. Most of the accessions had the relative kinship of less than o.05, indicating that there were no or weak relationships between accessions of the mini- core collection. For 15 agronomic traits in the peanut panel, generally the Q ＋ K model exhibited the best performance to eliminate the false associated positives compared to the Q model and the general linear model-simple model. In total, 89 SSR alleles were identified to be associated with 15 agronomic traits of three environments by the Q＋K model-based association analysis. Of these, eight alleles were repeatedly detected in two or three environments, and 15 alleles were commonly detected to be associated with multiple agronomic traits. Simple sequence repeat allelic effects confirmed significant differences between different genotypes of these repeatedly detected markers. Our results demonstrate the great potential of integrating the association analysis and marker-assisted breeding by utilizing the peanut mini-core collection.

关键词： Arachis hypogaea L. association analysis mini-corecollection peanut

Development and validation of simple sequence repeat markers from Arachis hypogaea transcript sequences

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 172-180页

作者： Houmiao Wang Yong Lei Liying Yan Liyun Wan Yan Cai Zefeng Yang Jianwei Lv Xiaojie Zhang Chenwu Xu boshou liao Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture CAAS-ICRISAT Joint Laboratory for Groundnut Aflatoxin ManagementOil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062HubeiChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009ZhejiangChina

Simple sequence repeats(SSRs) are important molecular markers for assessing genetic diversity in Arachis hypogaea L. and many other crops and constructing genetic linkage maps for important agricultural traits. In this study, 29,357 potential SSRs were identified in 22,806 unigenes assembled from A. hypogaea transcript sequences. Of these unigenes, 1883 and 4103 were annotated and assigned in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Orthology and Eukaryotic Orthologous Groups databases, respectively. Among the SSR motifs, mono-(19,065; 64.94%) and trinucleotide(5033; 17.14%) repeats were the most common, and the three most dominant motifs were A/T(18,358; 62.54%), AG/CT(2804;9.55%), and AAG/CTT(1396; 4.76%). Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) primer pairs were designed for 4340 novel SSR markers and 210 new SSRs were validated using 24 A. hypogaea varieties. Of the 210, 191(91%) yielded PCR products, with 37(18%) identifying polymorphisms. The 37 polymorphic SSR markers detected 146 alleles(2–10 alleles per locus), and the average polymorphic information content was 0.403(with a range of 0.077 to0.819). The new SSRs enrich the current marker resources for A. hypogaea and may also be useful for genetic diversity analysis, functional genomics research, and molecular breeding.

关键词： Arachis hypogaea L Molecular marker Polymorphism SSR

Effect of non-aflatoxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus on aflatoxin contamination of pre-harvest peanuts in fields in China

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Oil Crop Science 2021年第2期6卷 81-86页

作者： Liying Yan Wanduo Song Yuning Chen Yanping Kang Yong Lei Dongxin Huai Zhihui Wang Xin Wang boshou liao Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsOil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China

Aflatoxin contamination of peanuts is one of the most concerns in peanut production in China.Applying nonaflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains,based on competitive exclusion,has been proved to be a promising strategy to reduce aflatoxin contamination in pre-harvest peanuts.Two non-aflatoxigenic A.flavus strains collected in China,which have been proved effectively reducing aflatoxin in the laboratory,were mixed with high aflatoxin producer to the soil in peanut growing season.The two non-aflatoxigenic strains significantly(P<0.05)reduced aflatoxin contamination in peanut kernels under both normal and drought stresses in two fields.Compared to control,the total aflatoxin(sum of aflatoxin B1 and B2)was reduced 26.7–99.12%in field 1,and 84.96–99.33%in field 2.The aflatoxin was reduced 84.96–99.33%under drought stress in two fields.The present study indicated the non-aflatoxigenic A.flavus strains could be potential biocontrol agents for reducing aflatoxin contamination under field condition.

关键词： Peanut Non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxin reduction Field trial

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy reveals wide variation in major components of sesame seeds from Africa and Asia

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The Crop Journal 2018年第2期6卷 202-206页

作者： Komivi Dossa Xin Wei Marème Niang Pan Liu Yanxin Zhang Linhai Wang boshou liao Ndiaga Cissé Xiurong Zhang Diaga Diouf Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil CropsMinistry of AgricultureWuhan 430062HubeiChina Centre d'Etudes Régional pour l'Amélioration de l'Adaptationàla Sécheresse(CERAAS) BP 3320 Route de KhomboleThièsSénégal Laboratoire Campus de Biotechnologies Végétales Département de Biologie VégétaleFacultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversité Cheikh Anta DiopBP 5005 Dakar-FannDakar 107000Sénégal

Sesame is an important oilseed crop in Africa and Asia, owing to its high nutritional quality seed and market value. Variation in sesame seed components including oil, oleic acid,linoleic acid, and protein was investigated by near-infrared reflectance spectrometry in 139 samples collected from different countries. Oil and protein contents were between 40.8%and 60.3%(mean 53.0%) and 15.5% to 25.5%(mean 20.4%), respectively. Linoleic acid,ranging from 31.8% to 52.4%(mean 46%) was more abundant than oleic acid(31.8%–50.6%,mean 38.1%). Light-seeded samples displayed higher nutritional quality, as they were richer in oil, protein, and linoleic acid than dark seeds. Samples from Africa had higher oil and linoleic acid contents, while Asian samples had higher oleic content. The analysis revealed West African sesame cultivars containing especially high levels of seed components, which may command high market values. Two clusters of sesame samples grouped by seed composition were obtained, including one cluster with high oil and oleic acid content and the other with high protein and linoleic acid content. This study revealed that sesame samples from Africa and Asia harbor high variation for major seed components and also provided background information for breeding high-nutrition varieties according to the demands of sesame seed markets.

关键词： Sesamum indicum Major seed components Variation Asia Africa NIRS