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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第1期9卷 234-244页

作者： Ashley n.Micuda Mark R.Anderson Irina Babayan Erin Bolger Logan Cantin Gillian Groth Ry Pressman-Cyna Charlotte Z.Reed noah j.Rowe Mehdi Shafiee Benjamin Tam Marie C.Vidal Tianai Ye Ryan D.Martin Department of Physics Engineering Physics&AstronomyQueen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Department of Medical Biophysics Western UniversityLondonONCanada Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Department of Biology Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan Energetic Cosmos Laboratory Nazarbayev UniversityNur-SultanKazakhstan School of Computing Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences Queen's UniversityKingstonONCanada Department of Physics University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom Department of Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUnited States

This work introduces the Queen's University Agent-Based Outbreak Outcome Model(QUABOOM).This tool is an agent-based Monte Carlo simulation for modelling epidemics and informing public health *** illustrate the use of the model by examining capacity restrictions during a *** find that public health measures should focus on the few locations where many people interact,such as grocery stores,rather than the many locations where few people interact,such as small *** also discuss a case where the results of the simulation can be scaled to larger population sizes,thereby improving computational efficiency.

关键词： Monte-carlo Agent-based epidemic modelling COVID-19 Small business capacity restrictions Public health Basic reproductive number

Ecosystem Services of Grazed Grasslands in the Flooding Pampa

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Phyton-International journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第6期93卷 1179-1202页

作者： Elizabeth j.jacobo Adriana M.Rodríguez Facultad de Agronomía Área de AgroecologíaUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires1417Argentina Facultad de Agronomía Departamento de Producción AnimalUniversidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires1417Argentina

The Flooding Pampa grasslands are the last remnant of the Rio de la Plata grasslands in ***-genic interventions have led to severe degradation and,as a result,the ecosystem services provided by the grass-lands are declining,in terms of provisioning,regulating,and supporting *** synthesized the existing literature on the ecosystem goods and services provided by these grasslands under grazing in different conditions and conservation *** found that plant and animal diversity and primary production are the most studied ecosystem services,while climate regulation,water supply,nutrient cycling,meat production and erosion control,in that order,are less *** services are *** grazing and glyphosate spraying are the main drivers of grassland *** grazing and conservative stocking rates have been shown to reverse degradation and demonstrate that livestock production is compatible with ecosystem conserva-tion by maintaining regulating and provisioning *** these management strategies are poorly integrated,improving their implementation will require important changes in farmers’decisions and the development of policies that create the economic conditions for this to *** is needed to understand the conditions that prevent the knowledge generated from being transferred to producers and translated into practices that would improve the provision of ecosystem services.

关键词： Salado basin sustainability biodiversity rangelands meat production adaptative multi paddock grazing process technologies agroecology

Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia n.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark n.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tresca Laura Vassura Oswald Willi julien Fuchs LULI-CnRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance InRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”national Institute for Physics and nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the resistive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

A multi-shot target wheel assembly for high-repetition-rate, laser-driven proton acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 87-94页

作者： j.Penas A.Bembibre D.Cortina-Gil L.Martin A.Reija C.Ruiz M.Seimetz A.Alejo j.Benlliure Instituto Galego de Fisica de Altas Enerxias Universidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Laboratorio Laser de Aceleracion y Aplicaciones RIAIDTUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain Instituto Universitario de Física Fundamental y Matematicas y Dpto.de Didactica de la Matematica y de las Ciencias Experimentales Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular(I3M) CSIC-Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain

A multi-shot target assembly and automatic alignment procedure for laser–plasma proton acceleration at high repetition rate are *** assembly is based on a multi-target rotating wheel capable of hosting more than 5000 targets,mounted on a 3D motorized stage to allow rapid replenishment and alignment of the target material between laser *** automatic alignment procedure consists of a detailed mapping of the impact positions at the target surface prior to the irradiation that ensures stable operation of the target,which alongside the purpose-built design of the target wheel,enables operation at rates up to 10 *** and continuous laser-driven proton acceleration at 10 Hz is demonstrated,with observed cut-off energy stability about 15%.

关键词： high repetition rate laser-plasma acceleration multi-shot operation proton source target assembly

EFFECTS　OF　TRACE　ELEMEnTS　On　THE　OXIDATIOn　OF　LOW　SEGREGATIOn　ni－Cr－Al　BASED　SUPERALLOYS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1996年第5期9卷 343-349页

作者： W.S. Hu, T.F. Li and j.n .Shen (State Key Laboratory of Corrosion Science, Institute of Corrosion and Protection of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shinnying 110015, China)

The oxidation behaviors of two kinds of low segregation Ht-Cr-Al based superalloys have been studied between 1000-1100℃, and compared with that of general Mt-Cr-Al based superalloys. The results indicated that the simultaneous additions of 0.1 wt% S and 0. 1 wt% Zr to low segregation alloys increase the oxidation rate of Al2O3-forming alloy and improve the scale adherence. The addition of 0.1 wt% Zr can ,minimize the negative effects of S on the adherence of Al2O3 scale. Low amounts of S(≤50 ppm wt) have no obviously negative effects on the adherence of Cr2O3 scale formed on one of the low segregation superalloys.

关键词： oxidation behavior low segregation ni-Cr-Al based superalloy,trace elements scale adherence

Evaluation of corneal parameter changes under different accommodative stimuli with Scheimpflug imaging-based tomography

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国际眼科杂志 2024年第9期24卷 1357-1366页

作者： Farid j Bedrán-García David P Piñero Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain

AIM:To evaluate the reliability of measurements of corneal changes with accommodation in healthy eyes using a Scheimpflug imaging-based system and how these measurements distribute in the normal ***:Prospective,non-randomized,comparative study including 27 healthy subjects(54 eyes),including emmetropia(13 eyes),myopia(17 eyes),hyperopia(4 eyes)and astigmatism(20 eyes)*** all cases,a complete eye examination was performed,including the analysis of corneal changes with different accommodative stimuli(+2.00,0.00 and-3.00 D)using the Pentacam AXL *** investigation was structured in 2 phases:repeatability analysis and characterization of accommodation-related corneal changes in healthy ***:In the repeatability analysis,the index of height asymmetry(IHA)showed the greatest variability with the three accommodative stimuli,being the results for the rest of parameters *** group of emmetropes showed significant differences with accommodative changes in the position of maximum keratometry(Kmax;Pn the astigmatism group,significant changes were not only observed in the position of Kmax,but also in minimum corneal thickness(MCT),corneal spherical aberration,and total and low order aberration root mean square(all Pnificant difference was found in the displacement of the X position of Kmax with+2.00 D and-3.00 D in the myopia group(P=0.033)as well as in changes with+2.00 D and-3.00 D in the magnitude of the position vector of Kmax in the emmetropia group(Pno significant changes were found between accommodative stimuli in the displacement of coordinates of MCT(P≥0.109).COnCLUSIOn:The position of Kmax and MCT in healthy corneas can change significantly when presenting different accommodative stimuli using the accommodation mode of the Pentacam system,with different trends in these accommodation-related corneal changes between refractive ***,the consistency of the measurement

关键词： corneal biomechanics keratometry corneal thickness pachymetry corneal aberrations Pentacam accommodation

Annual variation of adult survival of a south-temperate House Wren population in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 229-237页

作者： Gustavo j.Fernandez Mariana E.Carro Paulo E.Llambías Grupo de Investigacion en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestre INIBIOMA-CONICETAsentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes(AUSMA)Universidad Nacional Del ComahuePasaje de la Paz 235(8370)San Martín de los AndesNeuquenArgentina Grupo de Investigacion de Biología de Aves IADIZA CCT-MendozaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoAvenida RuizLeal s/n Parque General San Martin5500MendozaArgentina

Identifying factors affecting the survival of individuals is essential for understanding the evolution of life-history traits and population *** numerous studies on this subject in north-temperate environments,there is a lack of equivalent studies at similar latitudes in the ***,we used a 14-year dataset of capture,banding,and resighting to estimate the annual variation in the apparent adult survival probability of a south-temperate population of House Wrens(Troglodytes aedon bonariae).We evaluated temporal variation in sur-vival and the effect of environmental(climatic)and demographic variables(adult abundance,total number of fledglings produced during each breeding season)on survival *** found that the probability of adult survival decreased as the abundance of breeding adults *** density-dependent effect could be related to the resident lifestyle of southern House Wrens,which could determine an intense competition for territories and resources that ultimately would affect their survival.

关键词： Annual variation CjS Density-dependence Survival Troglodytes aedon bonariae

An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.W.Cooper Samuel B.jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher Silver Dana n.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA national Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families j(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),n(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

Improving colorectal cancer screening programs

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2849-2851页

作者： Oscar j Cordero Lucia Mosquera-Ferreiro Iria Gomez-Tourino Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782Spain Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases(CiMUS) University of Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de Compostela 15782GaliciaSpain

In this editorial we comment on the article by Agatsuma et al published in the World journal of *** suggest policies for more effective colorectal *** is the main policy that has led to lower mortality rates in later years among the population that was eligible for *** is the gold standard tool for screening and has preventive effects by removing precancerous or early malignant ***,colonoscopy is an invasive process,and fecal tests such as the current hemoglobin immunodetection were developed,followed by endoscopy,as the general tool for population screening,avoiding logistical and economic *** so,participation and adherence rates are *** screening options are being developed with the idea that if people could choose between the ones that best suit them,participation in population-based screening programs would *** tests,such as a recent one that detects cell-free DnA shed by tumors called circulating tumor DnA,showed a similar accuracy rate to stool tests for cancer,but were less sensitive for advanced precancerous *** the time when the crosstalk between the immune system and cancer was being established as a new hallmark of cancer,novel immune system-related biomarkers and information on patients’immune parameters,such as cell counts of different immune populations,were studied for the early detection of colorectal cancer,since they could be effective in asymptomatic people,appearing earlier in the adenoma-carcinoma development compared to the presence of fecal ***26,for example,detected 80.37%of advanced *** reach as many eligible people as possible,starting at an earlier age than current programs,the direction could be to apply tests based on blood,urine or salivary fluid to samples taken during routine visits to the primary health system.

关键词： Mortality rates Colorectal cancer Screening Biomarker Fecal hemoglobin immunodetection Soluble sCD26 Colonoscopy Immunoscores

Photonuclear reactions on stable isotopes of selenium at bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 10-23 MeV

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 91-103页

作者： F.A.Rasulova n.V.Aksenov S.I.Alekseev R.A.Aliev S.S.Belyshev I.Chuprakov n.Yu.Fursova A.S.Madumarov j.H.Khushvaktov A.A.Kuznetsov B.S.Yuldashev joint Institute for nuclear Research DubnaRussia Institute of nuclear Physics of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan TashkentUzbekistan Faculty of Chemistry of Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia national Research Center"Kurchatov Institute" MoscowRussia Skobeltsyn Institute of nuclear Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia Faculty of Physics of Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia Institute of nuclear Physics AlmatyRepublic of Kazakhstan

In this study,experiments were performed at bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 10-23 MeV with the beam from the MT-25 microtron using theγ-activation *** experimental values of relative yields were compared with theoretical results obtained on the basis of TALYS with the standard parameters and the combined model of photonucleon *** isospin splitting in the combined model of photonucleon reactions allows describing experimental data on reactions with proton escape in the energy range from 10 to 23 ***,taking into account isospin splitting is necessary for a correct description of the decay of the giant dipole resonance.

关键词： bremsstrahlung photon cross section isospin splitting giant dipole resonance