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Computational Experiments for Complex Social Systems:Integrated Design of Experiment System

2010 2nd IEEE International Conference on Advanced management Science（IEEE ICAMS 2010）

作者： bi xiao-qing ZHOU qing-xiang yu mang school of management tianjin university of technology tianjin china 300384

Although knowledge sharing is the key of knowledge management,the knowledge sharing process is affected by all kinds factors of internal organization,thus reduces the efficiency and validity of knowledge sharing,these factors are the risk factors which hinder the enterprises share *** the enterprises,the risk factors of knowledge sharing are very complex and the important extent of these factors exist gaps in different enterprises,the targeted management means are taken only identifies the key factors of these risk *** paper analyzes the main factors which affect the knowledge sharing risks and constructs identified model of knowledge sharing risks according to D-S evidence *** examples indicate that the use of evidential reasoning has certain validity and application value for identifying the risk factors of knowledge sharing.

关键词： human dispatch industry customer satisfaction structural equation modeling

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第5期11卷 1175-1189页

作者： xiao Xue Xiangning yu Deyu Zhou xiao Wang Chongke bi Shufang Wang Fei-yue Wang College of Intelligence and Computing Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China school of Software Shandong UniversityJinan 250101China school of Artificial Intelligence Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China school of Geographic and Environmental Sciences Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China

powered by advanced information industry and intelligent technology,more and more complex systems are exhibiting characteristics of the cyber-physical-social systems(CpSS).And human factors have become crucial in the operations of complex social *** mechanical analysis and social simulations alone are powerless for analyzing complex social *** this backdrop,computational experiments have emerged as a new method for quantitative analysis of complex social systems by combining social simulation(e.g.,ABM),complexity science,and domain ***,in the process of applying computational experiments,the construction of experiment system not only considers a large number of artificial society models,but also involves a large amount of data and *** a result,how to integrate various data,model and knowledge to achieve a running experiment system has become a key *** paper proposes an integrated design framework of computational experiment system,which is composed of four parts:generation of digital subject,generation of digital object,design of operation engine,and construction of experiment ***,this paper outlines a typical case study of coal mine emergency management to verify the validity of the proposed framework.

关键词： artificial system operations

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO): Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer, 2023

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Cancer Communications 2024年第1期44卷 127-172页

作者： Feng-Hua Wang xiao-Tian Zhang Lei Tang Qi Wu Mu-Yan Cai yuan-Fang Li Xiu-Juan Qu Hong Qiu yu-Jing Zhang Jie-Er Ying Jun Zhang Ling-yu Sun rong-Bo Lin Chang Wang Hao Liu Miao-Zhen Qiu Wen-Long Guan Sheng-Xiang rao Jia-Fu Ji Yan Xin Wei-Qi Sheng Hui-Mian Xu Zhi-Wei Zhou Ai-ping Zhou Jing Jin Xiang-Lin yuan Feng bi Tian-Shu Liu Han Liang Yan-Qiao Zhang Guo-Xin Li Jun Liang Bao-rui Liu Lin Shen Jin Li rui-Hua Xu Department of Medical Oncology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingP.R.China Department of radiology Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingP.R.China Department of Endoscopy Center Peking University Cancer HospitalBeijingP.R.China Department of pathology Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center of Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Gastric Surgery Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology The First Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiP.R.China Department of radiotherapy Sun Yat-sen University Cancer CenterState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Zhejiang Cancer HospitalHangzhouZhejiangP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R.China Department of Surgical Oncology The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbinHeilongjiangP.R.China Department of Medical Oncology Fujian Cancer HospitalFuzhouFujianP.R.China Tumor Center The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinP.R.China Department of General Surgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Department of radiology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiP.R.China Department of

The 2023 update of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)Clini-cal Guidelines for Gastric Cancer focuses on standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment in china,reflecting the latest advancements in evidence-based medicine,healthcare resource availability,and precision *** updates address the differences in epidemiological characteristics,clinicopatho-logical features,tumor biology,treatment patterns,and drug selections between Eastern and Western gastric cancer *** revisions include a structured template for imaging diagnosis reports,updated standards for molecular marker testing in pathological diagnosis,and an elevated recommendation for neoadju-vant chemotherapy in stage III gastric *** advanced metastatic gastric cancer,the guidelines introduce new recommendations for immunotherapy,anti-angiogenic therapy and targeted drugs,along with updated management strategies for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HEr2)-positive and deficient DNA mismatch repair(dMMr)/microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)***,the guidelines offer detailed screening recommendations for hereditary gastric cancer and an appendix listing drug treatment regimens for various stages of gastric *** 2023 CSCO Clinical Guidelines for Gastric Cancer updates are based on both Chinese and international clinical research and expert consensus to enhance their applicability and relevance in clinical practice,particularly in the heterogeneous healthcare landscape of china,while maintaining a commitment to scientific rigor,impartiality,and timely revisions.

关键词： Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO) gastric cancer diagnosis surgery neoadjuvant adjuvant radiotherapy chemotherapy targeted therapy immunotherapy

差异化互补多层次培训管理模式促科教融合育人——X射线光电子能谱仪

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化学教育（中英文） 2024年第16期45卷 113-120页

作者：方卉邹少兰翟勇何清贲宇恒王军范晓彬天津大学化工学院天津300354

如何优化开放培训管理体系,提升仪器资源利用率的同时,充分发挥大型仪器作为优质科研和教学资源载体的潜力,是高校公共服务平台共同面临的课题。针对学院大型仪器测试平台现状和存在问题,以X射线光电子能谱仪为例,针对仪器特点,充分依... 详细信息

如何优化开放培训管理体系,提升仪器资源利用率的同时,充分发挥大型仪器作为优质科研和教学资源载体的潜力,是高校公共服务平台共同面临的课题。针对学院大型仪器测试平台现状和存在问题,以X射线光电子能谱仪为例,针对仪器特点,充分依托和利用平台现有软硬件条件,发展了差异化互补、线上线下相结合、分级用户、多层次培训仪器开放管理新模式;并重点通过助理测试员制度、定制化服务和实验案例库建设,推动科研反哺教学、教学促进科研。经过数年运行,此模式被证明能大幅降低人为故障,实现全时开放,带动测试服务水平和发表论文数量质量同步上升,提升人才培养质量,在促科教融合育人的同时,也为其他大型仪器管理提供了参考和借鉴。

关键词： X射线光电子能谱差异化互补多层次分级全时开放助理测试员定制化服务案例库建设

癌症相关性疼痛病人多维疼痛评估量表的构建及信效度检验

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中国疼痛医学杂志 2024年第3期30卷 196-204页

作者：郑振东黄明金毅罗素霞柳江路平汪子书庄莉余慧青仇晓霞刘波褚倩王昆刘勇任敬王杰军樊碧发中国人民解放军北部战区总医院肿瘤内科沈阳110000 中国人民解放军北部战区总医院疼痛科沈阳110000 中国人民解放军东部战区总医院疼痛科南京210002 河南省肿瘤医院肿瘤内科郑州450003 新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院肿瘤内科乌鲁木齐830001 新乡医学院第一附属医院肿瘤内科新乡453100 蚌埠医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤内科蚌埠233000 云南省肿瘤医院康复与姑息医学科昆明650106 重庆大学附属肿瘤医院老年肿瘤科重庆400030 上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院肿瘤科及日间化疗中心上海200127 山东省肿瘤医院肿瘤内科济南250117 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院肿瘤科武汉430030 天津市肿瘤医院疼痛科天津300060 徐州市中心医院肿瘤内科徐州221009 中日友好医院疼痛科北京100029

目的:本研究旨在构建适合癌症相关性疼痛(简称癌痛)病人的疼痛评估量表,并探索评估量表用于癌痛病人的信度和效度,以期为临床癌痛病人的管理提供更加综合全面且简便易行的评估工具。方法:基于国内癌痛领域的指导性规范、临床诊疗指南、... 详细信息

目的:本研究旨在构建适合癌症相关性疼痛(简称癌痛)病人的疼痛评估量表,并探索评估量表用于癌痛病人的信度和效度,以期为临床癌痛病人的管理提供更加综合全面且简便易行的评估工具。方法:基于国内癌痛领域的指导性规范、临床诊疗指南、专家共识等,本研究构建了癌痛病人评估量表初始条目池,采取德尔菲法选取我国癌痛领域的二十余名专家进行两轮咨询,统计咨询结果,确认纳入的条目,形成最终的多维疼痛评估量表(multi-dimensional brief test scale for pain,BTS)。经过两轮德尔菲法专家咨询,第一轮纳入21位专家,第二轮纳入10位专家,第一轮纳入19个评估维度,选取重要性评分≥4.5分且变异系数≤20%的7个评估维度,进行第二轮专家咨询。这7个评估维度和条目的重要性结果与第一轮一致,由此最终构建的BTS共包含7个评估维度,15个条目。选取2022年7月至2023年2月中国人民解放军北部战区总医院收治的癌痛病人,使用构建的BTS评估量表进行信效度检验。结果:共纳入166例病人,经过数据清洗,最终纳入分析的病人例数为138例。BTS的信度检测Cronbachα系数为0.78,效度检测的KMO值为0.80,具有较好的信度和效度。结论:构建的BTS条目共纳入7个评估维度,15个条目,具有较好的信度和效度,可在临床实践中推广应用于癌痛病人的疼痛评估。

关键词：癌症相关性疼痛疼痛评估德尔菲法

Influence of weight management on the prognosis of steatohepatitis in chronic hepatitis B patients during antiviral treatment

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Hepatobiliary & pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第5期20卷 416-425页

作者： Xiu-Juan Chang Yi-Wen Shi Jing Wang Hua-Bao Liu Yan Chen xiao-Ning Zhu Yong-ping Chen Zu-Jiang yu qing-Hua Shang Lin Tan Qin Li Li Jiang Guang-Ming xiao Liang Chen Wei Lu xiao-yu Hu qing-Hua Long Lin-Jing An Zi-yuan Zou Vincent Wai-Sun Wong Yong-ping Yang Jian-Gao Fan Department of Liver Disease Chinese PLA General Hospitalthe Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100039China Center for Fatty Liver Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Key Lab of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionShanghai 200092China Department of Liver Disease Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhou 610072China Department of Liver Diseases Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of ChongqingChongqing 400038China Department of Infectious and Liver Diseases Liver Research Centerthe First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000China Department of Infectious Disease the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Center of Therapeutic Liver Disease the 960th Hospital of Chinese PLATaian 271000China Liver Disease Department Fuyang 2nd People's HospitalFuyang 236015China Department of Liver Diseases Fuzhou Infectious Diseases HospitalFuzhou 350025China Department of Infectious Diseases Southwest HospitalArmy Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China Department of Infectious Diseases Guangzhou 8th People’s HospitalGuangzhou 510060China Department of Hepatic Diseases Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghai 201508China Department of Liver Diseases Tianjin Second People’s HospitalTianjin Institute of HepatologyTianjin 300192China National Integrative Medicine Clinical Base for Infectious Diseases and Department of Infectious Diseases Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 610000China Department of Infection and Liver Disease Yichun People’s HospitalYichun 336028China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Although concomitant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is common in chronic hepatitis B(CHB),the impact of viral factors on NASH and the outcome of CHB patients concomitant with NASH remain *** aimed to investigate the outcomes of NASH in CHB patients receiving antiviral ***:In the post-hoc analysis of a multicenter trial,na?ve CHB patients receiving 72-week entecavir treatment were *** evaluated the biochemical,viral and histopathological responses of these *** histopathological features of NASH were also evaluated,using paired liver biopsies at baseline and week ***:A total of 1000 CHB patients were finally enrolled for analysis,with 18.2%of whom fulfilling the criteria of NASH.A total of 727 patients completed entecavir antiviral treatment and received the second *** HBe Ag loss,HBe Ag seroconversion and HBV-DNA undetectable rates were similar between patients with or without NASH(p>0.05).Among patients with NASH,the hepatic steatosis,ballooning,lobular inflammation scores and fibrosis stages all improved during follow-up(all priteria)[odds ratio(Or):0.414;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.190-0.899;p=0.012]and weight gain(Or:0.187;95%CI:0.050-0.693;p=0.026)were less likely to have NASH *** patients without NASH at baseline,22(3.7%)developed *** BMI≥23 kg/m2(Or:12.506;95%CI:2.813-55.606;p=0.001)and weight gain(Or:5.126;95%CI:1.674-15.694;p=0.005)were predictors of incident ***:Lower BMI and weight reduction but not virologic factors determine NASH resolution in *** value of weight management in CHB patients during antiviral treatment deserves further evaluation.

关键词： Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Hepatitis B NASH resolution Antiviral treatment Weight management

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京津冀环境监测协同的政策法律问题

河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2017年第1期42卷 92-101页

作者：孟庆瑜毕晓博河北大学国家治理法治化研究中心河北保定071002

环境监测是环境保护的基础,是环境行政主管部门的法定职责。实现京津冀生态环境保护的率先突破,离不开三地间环境监测政策法律制度的协同与支撑。但京津冀现行环境监测政策法律制度之间依然存在制度建设不同步、主体改革不协同、监测对... 详细信息

环境监测是环境保护的基础,是环境行政主管部门的法定职责。实现京津冀生态环境保护的率先突破,离不开三地间环境监测政策法律制度的协同与支撑。但京津冀现行环境监测政策法律制度之间依然存在制度建设不同步、主体改革不协同、监测对象不一致、监测标准不统一、监测程序不明确和监测结果不规范等问题。顺应国家环境监测制度的未来发展,借鉴域外环境监测制度的有益经验,通过京津冀三地间环境监测制度的协同发展,共同研究确定统一的监测质量管理体系,共同构建区域生态环境监测网络,为找准做实"统一监测"这一突破口奠定坚实的政策法律基础。

关键词：京津冀协同发展环境监测环境保护法律制度

CEpC Technical Design report

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radiation Detection technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An rui An Daniele paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai yu Bai Yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan Bao Desmond p.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci xiao-Jun bi yuanjie bi Tianjian bian Fabrizio bianchi Thomas biekotter Michela biglietti Shalva bilanishvili Deng binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance Xuejun Chang yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che yuzhi Che bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen Jinhui Chen Ji-yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen Xun Chen Xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen Cheng Huajie Cheng Shan Cheng Tongguang Cheng yunlong Chi pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-yun Dai Xinchen Dai Xuwen Dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen biagio Di Micco ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH university of Science and technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui university HefeiAnhui Applied physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu university Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul university Bandirma Beihang university Beijing Beijing Computational Science research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of technology Beijing Beijing Normal university Beijing Brown university ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad university Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo university Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central china Normal university WuhanHubei Central South university ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa Chengdu KaitengSifang Digital radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan china academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan china building materials academy Beijing china Center of Advanced Science and technology Beijing china Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing china Jiliang university HangzhouZhejiang china Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing china university of Geosciences Beijing china university of Geosciences WuhanHubei china university of Mining and technology XuzhouJiangsu china West Normal university NanchongSichuan Chongqing university Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn university Bangkok City university of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell university IthacaNY CppM(AMU/IphU&CNrS/INp) Marseille Dalian Minzu university DalianLiaoning Dalian university of technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear research(DLNp JINr) Dubna East china university Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron positron Collider(CEpC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by china,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super proton proton Collider(SppC).The CEpC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(Sr)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(Ip),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two Ips over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the Sr power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEpC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design report(TDr)follows the preliminary Conceptual Design report(pre-CDr,2015)and the Conceptual Design report(CDr,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,r&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise

Epidemiological Study of Sepsis in china： protocol of a Cross-sectional Survey

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第24期129卷 2967-2973页

作者： Yi Yang Jian-Feng Xie Kai-Jiang yu Chen Yao Jian-Guo Li Xiang-Dong Guan Jing Yan xiao-Chun Ma Yan Kang Cong-Shan Yang xiao-qing Yao Hong-Cai Shang Hai-Bo Qiu Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhongda Hospital School of Medicine Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China Department of Critical Care Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University Harbin Heilongjiang 150040 China Clinical research Center Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhongnan Hospital Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430071 China Department of Surgical Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Guangdong 510080 China Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou Zhejiang 310030 China Department of Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang Liaoning 110001 China Department of Critical Care Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China tianjin Chase Sun pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Tianjin 300170 China Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100700 China

Background： Sepsis is the leading cause of death among critically ill patients. Herein, we conducted a national survey to provide data on epidemiology and treatment of sepsis in the clinical practice in china, which has no detailed epidemiological data available on sepsis. Methods： This was a prospective cross-sectional survey from December 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016 in all provinces/municipalities of the mainland of china. The primary outcome of this study was the incidence of sepsis, and the secondary outcome was its etiology in china. patients with sepsis admitted to the Intensive Care Units were included in this study. The demographic, physiological, bacteriological, and therapeutic data of these patients were recorded. The incidence of sepsis was estimated using the data from the sixth census in china, reported by the Chinese National Health and Family planning Commission and the National Bureau of Statistics as the standard population. The independent risk factors for increased mortality from sepsis were calculated. Conclusions： This study indicated the incidence and outcome of sepsis in china. It also showed the most common etiology of different sites and types of infection, which could guide empiric antibiotic therapy. Moreover, it provided information on the independent risk factors for increased mortality due to sepsis. The findings provide evidence to guide clinical management and may help improve the outcome in septic patients.

关键词： Epidemiology Incidence National Survey Outcome Sepsis