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Physics-informed neural networks for diffraction tomography

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Advanced Photonics 2022年第6期4卷 44-55页

作者： Amirhossein Saba Carlo Gigli Ahmed b.Ayoub Demetri Psaltis École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Optics LaboratoryLausanneSwitzerland

We propose a physics-informed neural network(PINN)as the forward model for tomographic reconstructions of biological *** demonstrate that by training this network with the Helmholtz equation as a physical loss,we can predict the scattered field *** will be shown that a pretrained network can be fine-tuned for different samples and used for solving the scattering problem much faster than other numerical *** evaluate our methodology with numerical and experimental *** PINNs can be generalized for any forward and inverse scattering problem.

关键词： deep learning physics-informed neural networks scattering three-dimensional imaging optical diffraction tomography

On the mechanistic origins of maximum strength in nanocrystalline metals

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 393-404页

作者： Ankit Gupta Jacob Gruber Satish S.Rajaram Gregory b.Thompson David L.McDowell Garritt J.Tucker Colorado School of Mines Mechanical EngineeringGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

The maximum strength of polycrystalline metals/alloys has been suggested to occur at nanoscale grain sizes where the governing deformation mechanism transitions from dislocation plasticity to grain boundary mediated *** tremendous progress recently uncovering links between transitions in nanoscale mechanisms and peak strength,the scientific literature is mostly devoid of any quantitative support,owing to the difficulty in measuring the resolved contribution of individual mechanisms to microstructural strain *** this study,the contribution of individual nanoscale mechanisms to the overall deformation of nanocrystalline Ni is calculated from atomistic simulations leveraging continuum-based kinematic metrics to compute mechanistic contributions to microstructural strain.

关键词： strength deformation grain

Insights into genetic variation and demographic history of sharpnose rays:examinations of three species of Telatrygon(Elasmobranchii,Dasyatidae)from the Indo-West Pacific

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1063-1077页

作者： Jiwei QI Fanglei SHI baowei ZHANG Xiao CHEN Jie XING Keisuke FURUMITSU Joel b.CORUSH Atsuko YAMAGUCHI Jie ZHANG Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina School of Life Science Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhuiChina College of Marine Sciences South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina East China Sea Centre of Standard and Metrology SOAShanghaiChina Faculty of Fisheries Nagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan Illinois Natural History Survey University of Illinois Champaign-UrbanaChampaignIllinoisUSA State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea Hainan UniversityHaikouChina

Coastal and demersal chondrichthyans(sharks,rays,and skates)are expected to exhibit high levels of genetic differentiation in areas of complex *** genetic studies investigating the extent to which demographic history shapes the genetic structure of theseﬁshes are ***,we combined mitochondrial DNA(Cytb and ND2)and 8 nuclear microsatellite loci from 244 individuals to examine the population genetic structure and demographic history of the 3 Indo-West Paciﬁc species of sharpnose rays(Telatrygon zugei,Telatrygon biasa,and Trygon crozieri).High levels of genetic variation both within and between species were identiﬁ*** analysis partitioned haplotypes into 2 lineages supporting divergence of *** from *** and *** during the ***,microsatellite-based clustering analyses identiﬁed 4 genetic groups(*** from Japan,*** from coastal China,*** from Gulf of Thailand,and *** from the Andaman Sea).Measurements of genetic differentiation also support these 4 ***,Pleistocene demographic expansions were examined in all genetic *** climate oscillations and current hydrologic cycles in the Indo-West Paciﬁc appear to coincide with the hypothesis regarding speciation and the observed demographic history trends of the sharpnose *** the species group has,until recently,been thought to be one species,these results are critical for deﬁning management units and guiding conservation efforts to preserve stingray biodiversity.

关键词： conservation biodiversity of stingray demographic history genetic variation Indo-West Paciﬁc Telatrygon

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电动汽车悬架运动学优化方法

同济大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第S1期50卷 1-9页

作者： Y HUANG J KÖPLER A WAGNER J NEUbECK b JACObSON 查尔默斯理工大学瑞典哥德堡41296 斯图加特大学汽车工程学院(IFS) 德国斯图加特70569

电池电动汽车(bEV)的主要挑战之一是续航里程是否足够,因此在任何最近的车辆概念中,最大化的电池体积是合乎需要的。悬架作为最大的电动汽车子系统之一,对这一点有着重要的影响。本研究目的是使用自动化方法进行悬架开发,主要是引入一... 详细信息

电池电动汽车(bEV)的主要挑战之一是续航里程是否足够,因此在任何最近的车辆概念中,最大化的电池体积是合乎需要的。悬架作为最大的电动汽车子系统之一,对这一点有着重要的影响。本研究目的是使用自动化方法进行悬架开发,主要是引入一种新的可转向后悬架概念与电力推进系统,即从配备内燃机(ICE)的传统汽车开始,开发一种悬架,以满足纯电动汽车的新装配要求,同时保持有关驾驶动力学的典型要求。悬架概念是为具有大电池尺寸的高级汽车而优化的,此外还考虑了先进的主动系统,如空气弹簧和大转向角的主动后轮转向。该概念还提出了一种具有良好调整运动学性能的封装解决方案,符合原始设备制造商的调整理念。为解决由此产生的高复杂性,使用了新开发的方法,即运动学优化是用一种创新的方法完成的,该方法根据给定的要求自动提出新的硬点。在设计中,使用简化模型来表示复杂零件的形状,因此可以从包装的角度自动判断运动学概念是否可行。结果表明,新的悬架概念可以处理具有挑战性的装配问题和复杂的运动学要求。

关键词：电动汽车(bEV) 开发过程运动学包装

Secret Image Communication Scheme based on Visual Cryptography and Tetrolet Tiling Patterns

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第11期65卷 1283-1301页

作者： N.RajeshKumar DYuvaraj G.Manikandan R.balaKrishnan b.Karthikeyan D.Narasimhanand N.R.Raajan Srinivasa Ramanujan Centre SASTRA Deemed UniversityKumbakonamTamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Science Cihan University-DuhokDuhokIraq School of Computing SASTRA Deemed UniversityThanjavurTamil NaduIndia School of EEE SASTRA Deemed UniversityThanjavurTamil NaduIndia

Visual cryptographic scheme is specially designed for secret image sharing in the form of shadow *** basic idea of visual cryptography is to construct two or more secret shares from the original image in the form of chaotic *** this paper,a novel secret image communication scheme based on visual cryptography and Tetrolet tiling patterns is *** proposed image communication scheme will break the secret image into more shadow images based on the Tetrolet tiling *** secret image is divided into 4×4 blocks of tetrominoes and employs the concept of visual cryptography to hide the secret *** main feature of the proposed scheme is the selection of random blocks to apply the tetrolet tilling patterns from the fundamental tetrolet pattern *** procedure is used to perform both tetrolet transform and the scheme of visual ***,the experimental results showcase the proposed scheme is an extraordinary approach to transfer the secret image and reconstruct the secret image with high visual quality in the receiver end.

关键词： Tetrominoes tile visual secret share image transmission security visual cryptography

Synthesis, docking and ADMET prediction of novel 5-((5-substituted-1-H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine as antifungal agents

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2014年第7期25卷 1033-1038页

作者： Jaiprakash N. Sangshetti Firoz A. Kalam Khan Rashmi S. Chouthe Manoj G. Damale Devanand b. Shinde Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy Dr. Rafiq Zakaria Campus Aurangabad 431001 India Department of bioinformatics MGM Institute of Biosciences and Technology Aurangabad 431003 India Department of Chemical Technology Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University Aurangabad 431004 India

A novel series of 5-（（5-substituted-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl）methyl）-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyr- idines 5（a-i） has been synthesized from thienopyridine hydrazide, substituted aromatic nitriles using 4- dimethylaminopyridine （DMAP） as a catalyst under microwave irradiation and evaluated for their in vitro antifungal activity. Compound 5g is found to be more potent against Candida albicans when compared with miconazole. Docking study of the newly synthesized compounds was performed, and results showed good binding mode in the active site of fungal enzyme P450 cytochrome lanosterol 14α- demethylase. ADMET properties of synthesized compounds were also analyzed and showed good drug like properties. The results of in vitro antifungal activity, docking study and ADMET prediction revealed that the synthesized compounds have potential antifungal activity and can be further optimized and developed as a lead compound.

关键词： 1,2,4-Triazole Microwave irradiation Antifungal activity Docking study ADMET properties

Impact of pain on health-related quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第25期16卷 3168-3177页

作者： Anja Schirbel Anne Reichert Stephanie Roll Daniel C baumgart Carsten büning bianca Wittig bertram Wiedenmann Axel Dignass Andreas Sturm Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Medicine Charité-Campus Virchow Clinic Universittsmedizin Berlin 13353 Berlin Germany Institute for Social Medicine Epidemiology and Health Economics Campus Mitte Charité-Universittsmedizin Berlin 10117 Berlin Germany Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Endocrinology Campus Mitte Charité-Universittsmedizin Berlin 10117 Berlin Germany Division of Gastroenterology Infectiology and Rheumatology Department of Medicine Charité-Campus Benjamin Franklin Universittsmedizin Berlin 12203 Berlin Germany Department of Medicine I Markus-Hospital Wilhelm-Epstein-Str. 4. 60431 Frankfurt/Main Germany

AIM: To evaluate intensity, localization and cofactors of pain in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis patients in connection with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and disease activity. METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the responses of 334 patients to a specifically designed questionnairebased on the short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (SIbDQ) and the German pain questionnaire. Pain intensity, HRQOL, Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI) and colitis activity index (CAI) were correlated and verified on a visual analog scale (VAS). RESULTS: 87.9% of patients reported pain. Females and males reported comparable pain intensities and HRQOL. Surgery reduced pain in both genders (P = 0.023), whereas HRQOL only improved in females. Interestingly, patients on analgesics reported more pain (P = 0.003) and lower HRQOL (P = 0.039) than patients not on analgesics. A significant correlation was found in UC patients between pain intensity and HRQOL (P = 0.023) and CAI (P = 0.027), and in CD patients between HRQOL and CDAI (P = 0.0001), but not between pain intensity and CDAI (P = 0.35). No correlation was found between patients with low CDAI scores and pain intensity. CONCLUSION: Most IbD patients suffer from pain and have decreased HRQOL. Our study reinforces the need for effective individualized pain therapy in IbD patients.

关键词： Disease activity index Health-related quality of life Inflammatory bowel disease Pain

Evaluating the Effect of Tillage on Carbon Sequestration Using the Minimum Detectable Difference Concept

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Pedosphere 2008年第4期18卷 421-430页

作者： X. M. YANG C. F. DRURY M. M. WANDER b. D. KAY Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Harrow Ontario N0R 1G0 (Canada). Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL61801 (USA) Department of Land Resources University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 (Canada)

Three long-term field trials in humid regions of Canada and the USA were used to evaluate the influence of soil depth and sample numbers on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in no-tillage (NT) and moldboard plow (MP) corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) production systems. The first trial was conducted on a Maryhill silt loam (Typic Hapludalf) at Elora, Ontario, Canada, the second on a brookston clay loam (Typic Argiaquoll) at Woodslee, Ontario, Canada, and the third on a Thorp silt loam (Argiaquic Argialboll) at Urbana, Illinois, USA. No-tillage led to significantly higher SOC concentrations in the top 5 cm compared to MP at all 3 sites. However, NT resulted in significantly lower SOC in sub-surface soils as compared to MP at Woodslee (10-20 cm, P = 0.01) and Urbana (20-30 cm, P basis (1350 Mg ha-1 soil equivalent mass). Similarly, NT had greater SOC storage than MP at the Urbana site (2.7 Mg C ha-1) on an equivalent mass basis of 675 Mg ha-1 soil. However, these differences disappeared when the entire plow layer was evaluated for both the Woodslee and Urbana sites as a result of the higher SOC concentrations in MP than in NT at depth. Using the minimum detectable difference technique, we observed that up to 1500 soil sample per tillage treatment comparison will have to be collected and analyzed for the Elora and Woodslee sites and over 40 soil samples per tillage treatment comparison for the Urbana to statistically separate significant differences in the SOC contents of sub-plow depth soils. Therefore, it is impracticable, and at the least prohibitively expensive, to detect tillage-induced differences in soil C beyond the plow layer in various soils.

关键词： carbon sequestration minimum detectable difference moldboard plow no-tillage soil depth

Growth potential of human hepatocarcinoma cells in the liver of neonatal immunocompetent mice and its relation to immunological tolerance

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第6期19卷 705-712页

作者： Ze Wang a, Zengliang baia, Hui Zhang b, Tianxiao Huana, Juan Li a, Xiumin Du a, Jingping Zhang a a Laboratory for Developmental Immunology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China b China Rural Technology Development Center, beijing 100045, China Laboratory for Developmental Immunology School of Life Science Shandong University Jinan 250100 China China Rural Technology Development Center Beijing 100045 China

To determine the pathological behavior of human hepatocarcinoma cells in the liver microenvironment of neonatal non-immunode-ficient mice, three human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (bel7402, HepG2, and SK-Hep-1), traced by DiI, were transplanted into the intrahepatic or subcutaneous tissue of neonatal and adult Kunming mice. Histopathological observations showed that cells in the adult liver induced a severe immune response as early as the second day after the implantation, while the subcutaneous neoplasm underwent extensive necrosis by the end of the study. Only the cells injected into the neonatal liver underwent a delayed immunologic rejection in the organ microenvironment. These cells retained recognizable tumor features over the first seven days, and displayed an intrahepatic invasive pattern. The expression of tumor markers including alpha-fetoprotein and survivin was maintained. The quantitative ELISA for the expression patterns of IL-2 and IL-10 also confirmed that the intrahepatic immunity was non-susceptive during this period. The high serum alpha-fetoprotein level was inversely correlated with the change in immune response. Our study provided a bio-system for the research of immune responses to xenografts in the liver.

关键词： Human hepatocarcinoma cell Immunologic rejection Liver microenvironment Neonatal mice Xenograft