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Advances in photothermal conversion of carbon dioxide to solar fuels

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第8期83卷 62-78,I0004页

作者： wa Gao Yinwen Li Dequan Xiao Ding Ma College of Bioscience and Resources Environment Beijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Integrative Materials Discovery Department of Chemistry and Chemical and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516USA

Converting carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) into useful fuels or chemical feedstocks is important for achieving peak carbon emission and carbon ***,photothermal catalysis has been extensively studied and applied due to its advantages over traditional heat-driven *** this review,we focus on photothermal catalysis of thermodynamically uphill reactions that convert CO_(2)into value-added *** first introduce the fundamentals of photothermal catalysis for CO_(2)reduction,including the definition and classification of photothermal catalysis,followed by their photothermal conversion *** structure design of different types of photothermal catalysts is *** superior performance of photothermal catalytic conversion of CO_(2)is illustrated and discussed,including improved CO_(2)activation,tunable selectivity towards different solar fuel products,and resistance to sintering and ***,the perspectives and challenges in this cutting-edge field are presented with the aim of advancing understanding of the underlying mechanisms and inspiring rational design of photothermal catalysts for highly efficient solar-to-fuel conversion.

关键词： Solarenergy Photothermal catalysis CO_(2)reduction Catalyst design Performance improvement

Application of Shear wave Elastography and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Transrectal Prostate Biopsy

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Current Medical Science 2022年第2期42卷 447-452页

作者： Gao-wa SHAREN Jun ZHANG Department of Ultrasound Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot010050China Department of Urology Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhot010050China

Objective To explore the clinical value of ultrasound shear wave elastography(SWE)and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)in transrectal prostate *** A total of 54 patients(average age:67.79±12.01 years)in the experimental group underwent transrectal prostate biopsy under the guidance of SWE,while 46 patients(average age:69.22±11.54 years)in the control group underwent transrectal prostate biopsy guided by *** There were a total of 451 needles,with an average of 8.35±1.67 needles per patient in the experimental group,and a total of 462 needles,with an average of 10.04±1.33 needles per patient in the control *** difference in puncture times between the two groups was statistically significant(Pwas no significant difference in the positive detection rate,sensitivity or specificity between the two groups(P>0.05),but there was a significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy between the two groups(Pteristic curve(ROC)analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve(AUC)of E_(mean)was 0.752(S.E.=0.072,95%CI=0.611-0.894,P=0.007),and the best cutoff value was 47.005 *** In summary,both SWE-and CEUS-guided transrectal prostate biopsy can help find the focus and guide the puncture,and improve the positive detection rate.

关键词： prostate puncture ultrasonic shear wave elastography contrast-enhanced ultrasound biopsy analysis

Nanostructured Catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2018年第9期36卷 798-808页

作者： wa Gao Qingshan Zhu Ding Ma College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Faradayweg 4-6 D-14195 Berlin Germany

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis （FTS） is a heterogeneous catalytic process for the production of fuels or chemicals from synthesis gas （CO ＋ H2）, which can be derived from nonpetroleum feedstocks such as natural gas, coal, or biomass. Co, Ru, Fe and Ni are all active in FTS, but only cheaper Fe and Co based catalysts are used in industry because the price of Ru is relatively high. However, the industrial Fe- and Co-based FTS catalysts normally work at a relatively high temperature range of 493--623 K in order to get a reasonable space time yield. Moreover, the product selectivity of FTS is governed by the law of polymerization, i.e., a so-called Anderson-Schulz-FIory distribution holds, which restricts its industrial application. In this account, we highlight some of our progress toward the design/fabrication of nanostructured Fe, Co and Ru catalysts to improve FTS activity at the low temperature and to change the product selectivity and confine the product distribution into a certain range.

关键词： catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis nanostructure

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前列腺癌骨转移治疗研究进展

遵义医科大学学报 2024年第4期47卷 424-431页

作者：吴洪瀚范青洪瓦庆德遵义医科大学第二附属医院骨科贵州遵义563006

前列腺癌的发生率不断增加,骨骼是其远处转移常见部位。发生骨转移的患者,治疗效果不佳。目前,针对前列腺癌发生骨转移的患者,其治疗方法多样化,多种治疗措施的应用能改善患者生活质量,延长患者生存时间。本文总结了前列腺癌骨转移的镇... 详细信息

前列腺癌的发生率不断增加,骨骼是其远处转移常见部位。发生骨转移的患者,治疗效果不佳。目前,针对前列腺癌发生骨转移的患者,其治疗方法多样化,多种治疗措施的应用能改善患者生活质量,延长患者生存时间。本文总结了前列腺癌骨转移的镇痛药物治疗、骨改良药物治疗、放射性核素治疗以及手术治疗等,望为临床工作者带来不同的治疗思路。

关键词：前列腺癌骨转移药物放射性核素治疗手术

Effect of thermal and chemical modifications on the mechanical and release properties of paracetamol tablet formulations containing corn, cassava and sweet potato starches as filler-binders

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第7期5卷 576-580页

作者： Mariam Vbamiunomhene Lawal Michael ayodele Odeniyi Oludele Adelanwa Itiola Department of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy University of Ibadan

Objective: To investigate the effects of acetylation and pregelatinization of cassava and sweet potato starches on the mechanical and release properties of directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations in comparison with official corn ***: The native starches were modified by acetylation and pregelatinization. The tablets were assessed using friability(Fr), crushing strength(Cs), disintegration time(Dt) and dissolution parameters. Results: Starch acetylation produced paracetamol tablets that were stronger and had the best balance of mechanical and disintegration properties, while pregelatinization produced tablets that were more friable but had a better overall strength in relation to disintegration than formulations made from natural starches. Correlations mainly existed between Dt and the dissolution parameters t80, t2 and k1 in the formulations. Conclusions: Modification of the experimental starches improved the mechanical and release properties of directly compressed paracetamol tablet formulations. Thus, they can be developed for use as pharmaceutical excipients in specific formulations.

关键词： Starch modification Direct compression Filler-binders Mechanical and release properties

A trichobezoar in a child with undiagnosed celiac disease: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1357-1360页

作者： Iaki Irastorza Carlos Tutau Juan Carlos Vitoria Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit University Hospital Cruces and School of Medicine University of the Basque Country Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit University Hospital Cruces

Celiac disease is a chronic, immune-mediated enteropathy caused by a permanent sensitivity to ingested gluten cereals that develops in genetically susceptible individuals. The classic presentation of celiac disease includes symptoms of malabsorption but has long been associated with cognitive, emotional, and behavioral disorders. We describe an 8-year-old patient with nonscarring alopecia and diagnosed with trichotillomania. Furthermore, she presented with a 3-year history of poor appetite and two or three annual episodes of mushy, fatty stools. Laboratory investigations showed a normal hemoglobin concentration and a low ferritin level. Serologic studies showed an elevated tissue immunoglobulin G anti-tissue transglutaminase level. A duodenal biopsy showed subtotal villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia, and a large gastric trichobezoar was found in the stomach. Immediately after beginning a gluten-free diet, complete relief of trichotillomania and trichophagia was achieved. In this report, we describe a behavioral disorder as a primary phenomenon of celiac disease, irrespective of nutritional status.

关键词： Celiac disease Trichobezoar Trichotillomania Behavioral disorder Malabsorption syndrome

硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林对急性脑梗死患者疗效及神经功能的影响

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临床医学工程 2024年第7期31卷 815-816页

作者：赵耀王婷杨荣成南阳医学高等专科学校第一附属医院神经内科河南南阳473000

目的探讨硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者疗效及神经功能的影响。方法选取2021年2月至2023年2月我院收治的ACI患者101例,随机分为两组。对照组(50例)给予阿司匹林治疗,观察组(51例)给予硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林治疗... 详细信息

目的探讨硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者疗效及神经功能的影响。方法选取2021年2月至2023年2月我院收治的ACI患者101例,随机分为两组。对照组(50例)给予阿司匹林治疗,观察组(51例)给予硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林治疗,比较两组的临床疗效、神经功能及不良反应。结果观察组总有效率为92.16%,高于对照组的72.00%(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为7.84%,低于对照组的30.00%(P<0.05)。结论硫酸氢氯吡格雷联合阿司匹林可有效提高ACI患者的临床疗效,改善其神经功能,且安全性较高。

关键词：硫酸氢氯吡格雷神经功能临床疗效不良反应

Nutrient uptake,maximum yield production,and economic return of maize under deficit irrigation with biochar and inorganic fertiliser amendments

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Biochar 2019年第4期1卷 375-388页

作者： Oluwaseun Temitope Faloye ayodele Ebenezer Ajayi Michael Olarewaju Alatise Babatunde Sunday Ewulo Rainer Horn Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering Afe Babalola UniversityAdo EkitiNigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest ManagementFederal University of TechnologyAkureNigeria Institute for Plant Nutrition and Soil Science CAU KielHermann Rodewaldstr.224118 KielGermany

The individual and combined effects of biochar(B)and inorganic fertiliser(F)have all been widely proofed to improve soil fertility and enhance crop growth and yield under irrigation(I)and rain fed ***,the strength of their individual and combined effects on crop productivity has been scarcely *** addition,few studies have assessed their individual and co-application effects on economic ***,a 2-year field experiment which consisted of factorial combination of irrigation(I)[100%full irrigation(FI),80%FI and 60%FI],biochar(0 and 20 t/ha)and fertiliser(0 and 300 kg/ha)was *** to the results,irrigation was the dominant factor that influences maize grain yield,followed by inorganic fertiliser and biochar,and they were all significant in their main *** strength of interaction effects among,I,F and B on maize grain yield follow the sequence F×I>B×F>B×*** economic analysis showed that the ternary combination of B,F and I was more economical than the binary combination of B plus I,and F plus I(in that order),when compared with the standalone application of I at maximum production in the field *** addition,combined applications of biochar and fertiliser improved soil nutrients,nutrient uptake in all irrigation treatments,compared to the standalone applications of biochar or *** research is,therefore,recommended for long-term evaluation of the economic viability of integrating biochar with fertiliser under irrigation.

关键词： Biochar amendment Drip irrigation Maize grain yield Economic evaluation Optimum irrigation

Filter algorithm based on cochlear mechanics and neuron filter mechanism and application on enhancement of audio signals

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Journal of Central South University 2021年第6期28卷 1813-1828页

作者： GAO wa KAN Yue ZHA Fu-sheng College of Furnishings and Industrial Design Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China The State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

A filter algorithm based on cochlear mechanics and neuron filter mechanism is proposed from the view point of *** helps to solve the problem that the non-linear amplification is rarely considered in studying the auditory filters.A cochlear mechanical transduction model is built to illustrate the audio signals processing procedure in cochlea,and then the neuron filter mechanism is modeled to indirectly obtain the outputs with the cochlear properties of frequency tuning and non-linear *** mathematic description of the proposed algorithm is derived by the two *** parameter space,the parameter selection rules and the error correction of the proposed algorithm are *** unit impulse responses in the time domain and the frequency domain are simulated and compared to probe into the characteristics of the proposed *** a 24-channel filter bank is built based on the proposed algorithm and applied to the enhancements of the audio *** experiments and comparisons verify that,the proposed algorithm can effectively divide the audio signals into different frequencies,significantly enhance the high frequency parts,and provide positive impacts on the performance of speech enhancement in different noise environments,especially for the babble noise and the volvo noise.

关键词： cochlea neuron filter audio signal processing speech enhancement