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Profile of Extra-Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Internal medicine

Open Journal of Internal medicine 2024年第1期14卷 64-73页

作者： mouhamed Dieng Djiby Sow Demba Diédhiou michel Assane ndour Boundia Djiba mouhamed Almahy niang matar ndiaye Oumar Boun Khattab Diouf Fatou Kiné Gadji anna Sar maïmouna ndour mbaye Clinique médicale II H&ocircpital Aristide Abass Ndao Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénégal

Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that mainly affects the lung. Extrapulmonary localizations are a reason for hospitalization in our health facilities. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary aspects of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPT) at the Abass ndao Hospital Center. Patients and methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a period of 11 years (January 1, 2010 to December 30, 2021). All patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis hospitalized in the department of internal medicine during the recruitment period were included. Results: Fifty-two (52) patients were collected. The year 2019 recorded the most cases 23.08% (n = 20). The mean age of the patients was 40.56 ± 18.24 years. The age group 20 - 34 years 42.31% (n = 22) was the most represented. Females were in the majority 61.54% (n = 32) with a sex ratio (m/F) was 0.63. Housewives were in the majority 40.38% (n = 21). 60.87% of the cases (n = 14) came from a health facility. 38.46% of the cases had been infected. 21.74% (n = 9) were smokers. The reasons for consultation were dominated by fever (67.44%), AEG (62.79%) and cough (41.86%). Eighteen patients (40.91%) had fever. The mean time to consultation was 77.37 ± 90.3 days with extremes of 3 and 365 days. The median was 45 days. more than half of the patients 61.90% (n = 26) had anemia. Positive retroviral serology was noted in 21.43% of cases. All patients had a CRP greater than 6. more than half of the patients 51.92% (n = 27) had multifocal tuberculosis. The peritoneum 44.23% (n = 23) was the main organ affected. The average hospital stay was 9.8 ± 4.9 days with extremes of 1 and 19 days. All patients had received the protocol in force at the national level. Death was noted in 4 patients (9.52%). Conclusion: EPT is characterized in our context by a notorious diagnostic difficulty due to the multiplicity of clinical presentations, the complexity of

关键词： Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Epidemiology Diagnosis Senegal

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Bridging mapping and simulation modelling in the ecosystem service assessments of boreal forests:effects of bioenergy production on carbon dynamics

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第1期8卷 35-49页

作者： Anu Akujärvi anna Repo Altti m.Akujärvi Jari Liski Finnish Environment Institute SYKE Biodiversity CentreLatokartanonkaari 11FI-00790 HelsinkiFinland University of Helsinki Department of Geosciences and GeographyP.O.Box 64FI-00014 HelsinkiFinland natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) P.O.Box 2FI-00791 HelsinkiFinland VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland LTD P.O.Box 1000FI-02044 VTT EspooFinland Finnish meteorological Institute Climate System Research UnitP.O.Box 503FI-00101 HelsinkiFinland

Background:Increasing the use of forest harvest residues for bioenergy production reduces greenhouse emissions from the use of fossil ***,it may also reduce carbon stocks and habitats for deadwood dependent ***,simple tools for assessing the trade-offs of alternative management practices on forest dynamics and their services to people are *** objectives of this study were to combine mapping and simulation modelling to investigate the effects of forest management on ecosystem services related to carbon cycle in the case of bioenergy production;and to evaluate the suitability of this approach for assessing ecosystem services at the landscape *** level simulations of forest growth and carbon budget were combined with extensive multi-source forest inventory data across a southern boreal landscape in *** changes in the stand age class distribution over the study region were simulated to mimic variation in management ***:The mapping framework produced reasonable estimates of the effects of forest management on a set of key ecosystem service indicators:the annual carbon stocks and fluxes of forest biomass and soil,timber and energy-wood production and the coarse woody litter production over a simulation period 2012–*** harvesting,affecting the stand age class distribution,was a key driver of the carbon stock changes at a landscape *** forest harvest residues in the final felling caused carbon loss from litter and soil,particularly with combined aboveground residue and stump *** also reduced the annual coarse woody litter production,demonstrating negative impacts on deadwood abundance and,consequently,forest ***:The refined mapping framework was suitable for assessing ecosystem services at the landscape *** procedure contributes to bridging the gap between ecosystem service mapping and detailed simulation modelling in boreal *** allows for v

关键词： Carbon budget Ecosystem services Forest management Forest bioenergy Landscape level mapping modelling

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molecular targets of cancer chemoprevention by garlic-derived organosulfides

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1355-1364页

作者： anna HERmAn-AnTOSIEWICZ anna A POWOLnY Shivendra V SInGH Department of molecular Biology University of Gda(sk Kladki 2480-822 GdaskPoland Department of Pharmacology and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute University of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvania 15213USA

The medicinal benefits of Allium vegetables,especially garlic,have been notedthroughout recorded *** known health benefits of Allium vegetablesand their constituents include cardiovascular protective effects,stimulation ofimmune function,reduction of blood glucose level,radioprotection,improvementof memory loss,protection against microbial,viral and fungal infections,as well asanticancer ***-based case control studies have suggested aninverse correlation between dietary intake of Allium vegetables and the risk ofdifferent types of *** anticarcinogenic effect of Allium vegetables in-cluding garlic is attributed to organosulfur compounds (OSC),which are highlyeffective in affording protection against cancer in animal models induced by avariety of chemical *** recent studies have shown that certainnaturally occurring OSC analogues can suppress proliferation of cancer cells inculture and in *** OSC-induced changes in the proliferation of cancer cellsare frequently associated with perturbations in cell cycle progression and induc-tion of G2/m phase *** OSC have also been demonstrated to induceapoptosis via the intrinsic pathway by altering the ratio of the Bcl-2 family ofproteins both in cell culture and in in vivo ***-angiogenic activity forgarlic-derived OSC has also been *** article summarizes currentknowledge on molecular targets of cancer chemoprevention by OSC.

关键词： garlic organosulfides apoptosis cell cycle angiogenesis chemoprevention

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小胶质细胞在卒中中的作用

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神经损伤与功能重建 2024年第2期19卷 F0003-F0003页

作者： anna m Planas 唐颖馨(编译) Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory Department of Neuroscience and Experimental TherapeuticsInstituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona(IIBB)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas(CSIC)BarcelonaSpain Cerebrovascular Diseases Area of Clinical and Experimental NeuroscienceInstitut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer(IDIBAPS)-Hospital ClínicBarcelonaSpain 不详

小胶质细胞在缺血后的炎症反应和受损组织的清除中扮演关键角色,它们对缺血引起的干扰反应迅速,致力于恢复失去的稳态。然而,被修改的环境,包括离子失衡、关键的神经元-小胶质细胞相互作用的中断、去极化传播以及来自坏死神经元的危险... 详细信息

小胶质细胞在缺血后的炎症反应和受损组织的清除中扮演关键角色,它们对缺血引起的干扰反应迅速,致力于恢复失去的稳态。然而,被修改的环境,包括离子失衡、关键的神经元-小胶质细胞相互作用的中断、去极化传播以及来自坏死神经元的危险信号的产生,诱导了小胶质细胞的形态和表型转变。这导致它们表现为促炎表型并增加吞噬活动。从缺血后的第3天开始,巨噬细胞渗透到坏死组织核心,而小胶质细胞则在病灶周边聚集。此外,炎症促使代谢转向有利于糖酵解、戊糖磷酸途径和脂质合成。这些转变与吞噬脂质的摄入相结合,促进了脂滴生成、合成代谢,并使小胶质细胞增殖。增殖的小胶质细胞释放营养因子,有助于神经保护和修复。然而,一些小胶质细胞持续积累脂质,并转变为功能失调且可能有害的泡沫细胞。研究还表明,有些小胶质细胞要么清除凋亡细胞能力的受损,要么消除突触、活神经元或内皮细胞。然而,阐明被吞噬细胞的生存能力、局部环境特征、组织损伤程度和时间序列将是至关重要的。缺血为小胶质细胞提供了丰富多样的、依赖于区域和损伤的刺激,随着时间演变导致出现不同的小胶质细胞表型,包括表现为促炎性或功能失调特征的细胞,以及显示出促进修复功能的细胞。准确分析小胶质细胞表型,以及更精确地了解相关的缺血后组织条件,是对卒中进行针对性干预的必要步骤。

关键词：脑缺血危险信号异质性炎症脂质吞噬作用修复

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Using discriminant analysis to detect intrusions in external communication for self-driving vehicles

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Digital Communications and networks 2017年第3期3卷 180-187页

作者： Khattab m.Ali Alheeti anna Gruebler Klaus mcDonald-maier Embedded and fntelligent Systems Research Laboratory School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Universi~ of Essex Wivenhoe ParkColchester C04 3SQ UK University of Anbar College of Computer Science and Information Technology Anbar-Iraq Data Science atAltViz in London - Data Scientist UK School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering University of Essex Colchester C04 3SQ UK

Security systems are a necessity for the deployment of smart vehicles in our society. Security in vehicular ad hoe networks is crucial to the reliable exchange of information and control data. In this paper, we propose an intelligent Intrusion Detection System （IDS） to protect the external communication of self-driving and semi self-driving vehicles. This technology has the ability to detect Denial of Service （DOS） and black hole attacks on vehicular ad hoe networks （VAnETs）. The advantage of the proposed IDS over existing security systems is that it detects attacks before they causes significant damage. The intrusion prediction technique is based on Linear Discriminant Analysis （LDA） and Quadratic Diseriminant Analysis （QDA） which are used to predict attacks based on observed vehicle behavior. We perform simulations using network Simulator 2 to demonstrate that the IDS achieves a low rate of false alarms and high accuracy in detection.

关键词： Secure communication Vehicle ad hoc networks IDS Self-driving vehicles Linear and quadratic discriminant analysis

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Galápagos land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)as a seed disperser

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第3期11卷 207-213页

作者： anna TRAVESET manuel nOGALES Pablo VARGAS Beatriz RUmEU Jens m.OLESEn Esporles Mallorca 07190Balearic IslandsSpain Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group(CSIC-IPnA) Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología38206 TenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Real Jardín Botánico(CSIC-RJB) Department of Biodiversity and ConservationPlaza de Murillo 228014 MadridSpain Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCalçada Martim de FreitasCoimbra 3000-456Portugal Institute of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark and 6Charles Darwin FoundationPuerto AyoraSanta CruzGalápagosQuitoEcuador

The role of the most common land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)in the Galápagos Islands as an effective seed disperser is explored in this study.A total of 5705 seeds of 32 plant species were identified from 160 scats,4545 of which(80%)appeared visually *** trials of 849 seeds from 29 species revealed that at least 10 species remained viable after passing through the iguana’s gut,although only a small proportion of those seeds(4%)*** any case,we argue that *** exerts an important role on the 7 Galapagos islands where it occurs because of its abundance and capacity to ingest and disperse seeds at long *** results strongly suggest that the Galápagos *** plays an important role as a seed disperser of not only of native species but also some introduced plants in the Galápagos Islands.

关键词： Conolophus subcristatus Fernandina Island Galápagos Islands Saurochory seed dispersal

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Spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics in young leaves reveal cyclic hypoxia in plants

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molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 377-394页

作者： Paolo m.Triozzi Luca Brunello Giacomo novi Gianmarco Ferri Francesco Cardarelli Elena Loreti mariano Perales Pierdomenico Perata PlantLab Center of Plant SciencesSant'Anna School of Advanced Studies56010 PisaItaly Centro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de Plantas Universidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria(INIA-CSIC)Campus de Montegancedo UPMPozuelo de Alarcon28223 MadridSpain Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza 56017 PisaItaly Laboratorio nEST Scuola Normale SuperioreIstituto Nanoscienze-CNRPiazza S.Silvestro1256127 PisaItaly institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology National Research Council56124 PisaItaly Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)28040 Madrid.Spain

Oxygen is essential for plant growth and *** occurs in plants due to limited oxygen avail-abilityfollowing adverse environmental conditions as well inhypoxic niches in otherwisenormoxic ***,the existence and functional integration of spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics with plant development remains *** animal systems dynamic fluctuations in oxygen availability are known as cyclic *** this study,we demonstrate that cyclic fluctuations in internal oxygen levels occur in young emerging leaves of Arabidopsis *** hypoxia in plants is based on a mechanism requiring the ETHYLEnE RESPOnSE FACTORS type VII(ERFVII)that are central components of the oxygen-sensing machinery in *** ERFVll-dependent mechanism allows precise adjustment of leaf growth in response to carbon status and oxygen availability within plant *** study thus establishes a functional connection between internal spatiotemporal oxygen dynamics and developmental processes of plants.

关键词： Arabidopsis hypoxia cyclic hypoxia leaf development oxygen-sensing mechanism ERFVII

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Effects of chronic and subtoxic chlorobenzenes on adrenocorticotrophic hormone release

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第8期27卷 165-170页

作者： Zsolt molnár Regina Pálf?ldi anna László marianna Radács Krisztián Sepp Péter Hausinger László Tiszlavicz Zsuzsanna Valkusz márta Gálfi Institute of Applied Science Department of Environmental Biology and Education Gyula Juhász Faculty of Education University of Szeged Department of Pulmonology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged Department of medical Physics and Informatics Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged Endocrine Unit of First Department of Internal medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged Invasive Cardiology Department Second Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Szeged

many environmental chemicals and pesticides have been found to alter neuroendocrine communication in exposed biological objects. The environmental loads have primary and secondary effects that can alter the homeostatic regulation potential. Since it is difficult to avoid human exposition, a potentially important area of research to develop in vivo and in vitro experimental models. In this context, the primary aim of this study was to demonstrate the effects of chlorobenzenes on adrenocorticotrophic hormone（ACTH） release. In our experimental study, male Wistar rats were exposed to 0.1, 1.0 and 10 μg/b.w.（body weight） kg of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene（Cl B） mix via gastric tube for 30, 60 or 90 days. At the endpoints of the experiment blood samples were taken and animals were decapitated. Primary,monolayer adenohypophysis cell cultures were prepared by enzymatic and mechanical digestion. The ACTH hormone content in serum and supernatant media was measured by immuno-chemiluminescence assay. The mg2＋-dependent ATPase activity was determined by modified method of martin and Dotty. Significant differences were detected in the hormone release between the control and treated groups. The hormone release was enhanced characteristically in exposed groups depending upon the dose and duration of exposure. The mg2＋-ATPase activity enhanced after chronic and subtoxic Cl B exposition. Light microscopy revealed that the adenohypophysis seemed to be more abundant. Results indicate that Wistar rats exposed to subtoxic Cl B have direct and indirect effects on hypothalamus–hypophysis–adrenal axis.

关键词： Chlorobenzenes Subtoxic Adrenocorticotrophic hormone release mg2+ -dependent ATPase

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Selected ions and major and trace elements as contaminants in coal-waste dump water from the Lower and Upper Silesian Coal Basins(Poland)

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第4期8卷 790-814页

作者： Lucyna Lewiriska-Preis Ewa Szram monika J.Fabianska Adam nadudvari magdalena misz-Kennan anna Abramowicz Lukasz Kruszewski Andrzej Kita Faculty of natural Sciences University of Silesia60 Bedzinska St.41-200 SosnowiecPoland Institute of Geological Sciences Polish Academy of Sciences(ING PAN)51/55 Twarda St.00-818 WarsawPoland Faculty of mathematics Physics and ChemistryUniversity of Silesia9 Szkolna Street40-006 KatowicePoland

many temporary and permanent reservoirs of water occur on or near coal-waste dumps in the Lower-and Upper Silesian Coal Basins(Poland).Little or nothing is known of the degree to which their water chemistry might reflect(i)reservoir type,i.e.,whether permanent or temporary,(ii)level of coal-waste thermal activity,i.e.,whether inactive or self-heating or burnt-out or(iii)region,i.e.,whether the dumps are in Upper-or Lower *** provide some answers,concentrations of selected ions(nH_(4)^(+),HCO_(3)^(-),F^(-),Cl^(-),Br^(-),nO_(2)^(-),nO_(3)^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),SO_(4)^(2-))were determined by ion chromatography and of nineteen elements(Al,B,Ba,Ca,Cd,Cr,Cu,Fe,K,Li,mg,mn,na,P,Pb,S,Si,Sr,Zn)by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-mS).The data allow a number of the following *** permanent reservoirs are considered,there is a clear relationship between concentrations of ions and major and trace elements and dump thermal *** highest concentrations occur where the thermal activity is high as inorganic components are transformed into more water-soluble *** dump thermal activity shows a regional pattern,it follows also that elemental and ion concentrations in the dump waters show significant regional *** temporary reservoirs,concentrations of ions and major and trace elements are much lower and any correlations between components less significant than in the permanent reservoirs;these reservoirs exist for too short a time for any balance between coal waste-and water components to be established.

关键词： Coal-waste dump water Self-heating main ion concentrations major elements Trace elements

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Trihalomethane concentrations in tap water as determinant of bottled water use in the city of Barcelona

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 77-92页

作者： Laia Font-Ribera Jordi Colomer Cotta anna Gómez-Gutiérrez Cristina m.Villanueva ISGlobal Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL) 08003 Barcelona Spain ImIm (Hospital del mar medical Research Institute) 08003 Barcelona Spain Uniuersitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF) 08003 Barcelona Spain CIBER Epidemiologfa y Salud Publica (CIBERESP) 28029 Madrid Spain Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB) 08023 Barcelona Spain

Bottled water consumption is increasing worldwide, despite its huge economic and environmental cost. We aim to describe personal and tap water quality determinants of bottled water use in the city of Barcelona. This cross-sectional study used data from the Health Survey of Barcelona in 2006（n = 5417 adults）. The use of bottled water to drink and to cook was evaluated in relation to age, gender, educational level, district and levels of trihalomethanes（THms）, free chlorine, conductivity, chloride, sodium, p H, nitrate and aluminium in municipal tap water using Robust Poisson Regression. The prevalence of bottled water use to drink and cook was 53.9% and 6.7%, respectively. Chemical parameters in water had a large variability（interquartile range of THms concentrations： 83.2–200.8 μg/L）and were correlated between them, except aluminium. Drinking bottled water increased with educational level, while cooking with bottled water was higher among men than among women and decreased with age. After adjusting by these personal determinants, a dose–response relationship was found between concentrations of all chemicals except aluminium in tap water and bottled water use. The highest association was found for THms,with a Prevalence Ratio of 2.00（95%CI = 1.86, 2.15） for drinking bottled water and 2.80（95%CI = 1.72, 4.58） for cooking with bottled water, among those with 〉 150 μg/L vs. 〈 100 μg/L THms in tap water. Conclusion： more than half of Barcelona residents regularly drank bottled water, and the main determinant was the chemical composition of tap water,particularly THm level.

关键词： Tap water Drinking water Trihalomethanes Organoleptics Determinants Prevalence

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