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不锈钢等离子体性能的激光诱导击穿光谱法研究

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冶金分析 2009年第7期29卷 7-13页

作者： shaikh Nek M KALHORO M s BAIG M A Quaid-i-Azam大学物理系原子及分子物理实验室巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡45320 信德大学物理学院巴基斯坦贾姆肖罗

研究了由Nd:YAG激光的一级及二级谐波(sHG)产生的不锈钢等离子体参数的测量方法。根据已知的谱线进行光谱分析,利用Boltzmann法估算出了激发温度,而等离子体的电子密度是从谱线的stark展宽剖面估算出来的。在常压下研究了等离子体的空... 详细信息

研究了由Nd:YAG激光的一级及二级谐波(sHG)产生的不锈钢等离子体参数的测量方法。根据已知的谱线进行光谱分析,利用Boltzmann法估算出了激发温度,而等离子体的电子密度是从谱线的stark展宽剖面估算出来的。在常压下研究了等离子体的空间及时间演化过程,结果发现谱线的积分光强及积分宽度随着时间的延迟而降低。除了逆韧致辐射吸收的估算,同时研究了激光辐照度和波长对等离子体参数的影响。

关键词：激光等离子体跃迁几率 stark展宽法钢 Boltzmann法

Time and Quantity Based Hybrid Consolidation Algorithms for Reduced Cost Products Delivery

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 409-432页

作者： Muhammad Ali Memon Asadullah shaikh Adel sulaiman Abdullah Alghamdi Mesfer Alrizq Bernard Archimède Department of Information Technology University of SindhJamshoroSindh76090Pakistan College of Computer science and Information systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia University of Toulouse INP-ENIT47 Avenue d’AzereixBP1629F-65016Tarbes CedexFrance

In today’s competitive business environment,the cost of a product is one of the most important considerations for its *** are heavily involved in research strategies to minimize the cost of elements that can impact on the final price of the *** is one such *** products arrive from diverse locations to consumers in today’s digital era of online ***,the logistics sector faces several dilemmas from order attributes to environmental changes in this *** has specially been noted during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic where the demands on online businesses have increased several ***,the methodology to optimise delivery cost and its impact on environmental focus by reducing CO_(2) emissions has gained *** resultant strategy of shipment Consolidation that has evolved is an approach that combines one or more transport orders in the same vehicle for *** Consolidation has been categorized in three order scheduling approaches:Time based consolidation,Quantity based consolidation,and a Hybrid(Time-Quantity)based *** this paper,a new Hybrid Consolidation approach is *** the Hybrid approach,it has been shown that order delivery can be facilitated by taking into account not only the order pick up time,but also the total order *** results have shown that if a time window is available in respect of the order delivery time,then the order can be delayed from pickup to consolidate it with other orders for cost *** hybrid approach is based on four consolidation principles,two of which work on fixed departure and two,on demand *** of these rules have been implemented and tested here with an application case *** analysis of the results is illustrated with different planning evaluation *** Result analyses indicate that consolidation of orders is increased with each implemented rule hence motivating us towards t

关键词： Consolidation transportation supply chain cost minimization

Determination of sodium hyaluronate in pharmaceutical formulations by HPLC–UV

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2013年第5期3卷 324-329页

作者： K.Ruckmani saleem Z.shaikh Pavne Khalil M.s.Muneera O.A.Thusleem Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Anna University of Technology Department of Analytical Research & Development Jamjoom Pharmaceuticals

A liquid chromatography （HPLC） method with UV detection was developed for determination of sodium hyaluronate in pharmaceutical formulation. sodium hyaluronate is a polymer of disaccharides, composed of D-glucuronic acid and D-N-acetylglucosamine, linked via alternating 13-1, 4 and D-l, 3 glycosidic bonds. Being a polymer compound it lacks a UV absorbing chromophore. In the absence of a UV absorbing chromophore and highly polar nature of compound, the analysis becomes a major challenge. To overcome these problems a novel method for the determination of sodium hyaluronate was developed and validated based on size exclusion liquid chromatography （sEC） with UV detection. An isocratic mobile phase consisting of buffer 0.05 M potassium dihydrogen phosphate, pH adjusted to 7.0 using potassium hydroxide （10%） was used. Chromatography was carried out at 25 ~C on a Biosep sEC $2000, 300 mm ~ 7.8 mm column. The detection was carded out using variable wavelength UV-vis detector set at 205 nm. The compounds were eluted isocratically at a steady flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. sodium hyaluronate retention time was about 4.9 min with an asymmetry factor of 1.93. A calibration curve was obtained from 1 to 38 g/mL （r〉0.9998）. Within-day % RsD was 1.0 and between-day % RsD was 1.10. specificity/selectivity experiments revealed the absence of interference from excipients, recovery from spiked samples for sodium hyaluronate was 99-102. The developed method was applied to the determination of sodium hyaluronate in pharmaceutical drug substance and product.

关键词： sodium hyaluronate Hyaluronic acid size exclusion chromatography Derivatization Chromophore

synthesis of silver nanoparticle with Colocasia esculenta(L.) stem and its larvicidal activity against Culex quinquefasciatus and Chironomus sp

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第12期9卷 510-517页

作者： Arghadip Mondal Amita Hajra Wasim Akram shaikh sukalyan Chakraborty Naba Kumar Mondal Environmental Chemistry Laboratory Department of Environmental ScienceThe University of Burdwan713104West BengalIndia Department of Civil&Environmental Engineering Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraJharkhandIndia

Objective:To synthesize silver nanoparticles with Colocasia esculenta as a reducing agent and to evaluate their effect against Culex quinquefasciatus and Chironomus ***:The aqueous extract of Colocasia esculenta stem was used for *** synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry,Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscopy,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and Zeta potential *** toxicity of Colocasia esculenta stem extract and the synthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated against the larval stages of target human filarial vector Culex quinquefasciatus and non-target Chironomus ***:scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies revealed almost spherical shape of the synthesized silver nanoparticles with size ranging from 13-50 *** 24 hours of exposure,the LC50 and LC90 of the plant extract against 4th instars larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus were 745.56 mg/L and 1258.28 mg/L,respectively,which were higher than those of synthesized silver nanoparticles(5.17 mg/L and 17.32 mg/L after 24 h;1.58 mg/L and 13.01 mg/L after 48 h).In addition,the LC50 and LC90 of silver nanoparticles against Chironomus *** 9.71 mg/L and 23.15 mg/L after 24 h as well as 2.38 mg/L and 19.49 mg/L after 48 h,***:The aqueous stem extract of Colocasia esculenta is a good agent for synthesis of silver nanoparticles,which are almost spherical with size less than 30 *** synthesized nanoparticles show good larvicidal activity without any harmful effect on non-target species.

关键词： silver nanoparticles Colocasia esculenta Larvicidal Culex quinquefasciatus Mortality Chironomus sp

study on Optimizing High-Gradient Magnetic separation—Part 1: Improvement of Magnetic Particle Retention Based on CFD simulations

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2016年第2期6卷 123-136页

作者： Yonas s. shaikh Christian seibert Percy Kampeis Trier University of Applied sciences Environmental Campus Birkenfeld Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Birkenfeld Germany

The introduction of functionalized magnetizable particles for the purification of enzymes or for the multi-use of pre-immobilized biocatalysts offers a great potential for time and cost savings in biotechnological process design. The selective separation of the magnetizable particles is performed for example by a high-gradient magnetic separator. In this study FEM and CFD simulations of the magnetic field and the fluid flow field within a filter chamber of a magnetic separator were carried out, to find an optimal separator design. The motion of virtual magnetizable particles was calculated with a one-way coupled Lagrangian approach in order to test many geometric and parametric variations in reduced time. It was found that a flow homogenisator smoothed the fluid flow, so that the linear velocity became nearly equal over the cross section in the direction of flow. Furthermore the retention of magnetizable particles increases with a high total edge length within the filter matrix.

关键词： Computational Fluid Dynamics Finite Element Method Magnetic Particles High-Gradient Magnetic separator Magnetic Filtration Biocatalysis Enzyme Purification

study on Optimizing High-Gradient Magnetic separation—Part 2: Experimental Evaluation of the Performance of a New Designed Magnetic Filter

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2016年第2期6卷 137-151页

作者： Yonas s. shaikh Christian seibert Percy Kampeis Trier University of Applied sciences Environmental Campus Birkenfeld Institute for Biotechnical Process Design Birkenfeld Germany

The introduction of functionalized magnetizable particles and high-gradient magnetic separation represents a time and money saving alternative to conventional purification and separation unit operations in the biotechnical sector. This technique has some advantages especially for the recycling of immobilized enzymes. A new magnetic filter with sight glasses was constructed and produced to study the performance of high-gradient magnetic separation at varied parameters. By optical analysis the buildup of a clogging was identified as the major parameter which affected the separation performance. For the cleaning procedure, a two-phase flow of water with highly dispersed air bubbles was tested which led to a nearly complete cleaning of the filter chamber.

关键词： Magnetic Particles Magnetic Filtration High-Gradient Magnetic separation Enzyme Biocatalysis

synthesis, characterization and electrochemical evaluation of anticorrosion property of a tetrapolymer for carbon steel in strong acid media

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 965-978页

作者： shamsuddeen A.Haladu saviour A.Umoren shaikh A.Ali Moses M.solomon Abdul-Rashid I.Mohammed Department Basic sciences and Humanities College of Engineering Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam 31451 Saudi Arabia Centre of Research Excellence in Corrosion Research Institute King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia Centre for Engineering Research Research Institute King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

A novel tetrapolymer(TP) consisting of carboxylate, sulphonate, phosphonate and sulfur dioxide based comonomers was synthesized using Butler cyclopoymerization technique. The synthesized tetrapolymer was characterized using FTIR,1H-NMR,13CNMR and elemental analysis. The performance of the tetrapolymer as a corrosion inhibitor for st37 carbon steel in 15% HCl and 15% H2sO4 acid media was assessed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIs), linear polarization resistance(LPR), potentiodynamic polarization(PDP) and electrochemical frequency modulation(EFM) techniques. The influence of addition of a small amount of KI on the corrosion inhibition efficiency of TP was also assessed. Results obtained showed that the tetrapolymer moderately inhibited the corrosion of st37 steel in the acid media with protection efficiency of 79.5% and 61.1% at the optimum concentration of 1000 mg·L^-1 studied in HCl and H2sO4 media respectively. On addition of 5 mmol·L^-1 KI to the optimum tetrapolymer concentration, the protection efficiency was upgraded to 90.6% and 93.5% in HCl and H2sO4 environment, respectively. The enhanced performance of the polymer in the presence of KI is due to synergistic action deduced from synergism parameter(s1) which was found to be greater than *** tetrapolymer afforded the corrosion inhibition of st37 steel in the acid media by virtue of adsorption of the polymer molecules on the steel surface which was confirmed by ATR-FTIR analysis of the adsorbed film extracted from the steel surface. TP + KI formed complex with st37 steel surface in H2sO4 solution but not in HCl solution.

关键词： Tetrapolymer Metal Acid corrosion Corrosion inhibition Adsorption synergism

Hepatoprotective effect of acetone semicarbazone on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma induced carcinogenesis in experimental mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第2期3卷 105-110页

作者： Farhadul Islam shaikh Mohummad Mohsin Ali Jahan Ara Khanam Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Rajshahi University Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology Rajshahi University

Objective:To determine the hepatoprotective effect of acetone semicarbazone(AsC)in vivo in normal and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma(EAC)bearing male swiss albino ***:Druginduced changes in biochemical and behavioral parameters at dose of 2.0 mg/kg body weight for14 d and nullifying the toxicity induced by EAC cells were *** histopathology studies of the protective effects of AsC on vital organs were also ***:The administration of AsC made insignificant changes in body weight and behavioral(salivation,diarrhea,muscular numbness)changes during treatment period due to minor toxicity were minimized after the treatment in normal *** biochemical parameters,including serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase,glutamate oxaloactate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase,serum glucose,cholesterol,urea,triglyceride and billirubin changed modestly in normal mice receiving *** the treatment continued,these values gradually decreased to normal level after the *** EAC bearing mice,the toxic effects due to EAC cells in all cases were nullified by treatment with the *** abnormalities were not detected in histology of the various organs of the normal mice treated with ***:AsC can,therefore,be considered safe in formulating novel anticancer drug,as it exhibits strong protective effect against EAC cell bearing mice.

关键词： EAC cell Host toxicity Acetone semicarbazone schiff bases Histopathology subacute toxicity

Multi-material Bio-inspired soft Octopus Robot for Underwater synchronous swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第5期19卷 1229-1241页

作者： Faheem Ahmed Muhammad Waqas Bushra shaikh Umair Khan Afaque Manzoor soomro suresh Kumar Hina Ashraf Fida Hussain Memon Kyung Hyun Choi Department of Mechatronics Engineering Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea Department of Electrical Engineering Sukkur IBA UniversityAirport RoadSukkur 65200SindhPakistan Advanced Micro Mechatronics and Energy Lab Sukkur IBA UniversitySukkur 65200Pakistan Department of Ocean sciences Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243South Korea

Inspired by the simple yet amazing morphology of the Octopus, we propose the design, fabrication, and characterization of multi-material bio-inspired soft Octopus robot (Octobot). 3D printed molds for tentacles and head were used. The tentacles of the Octobot were casted using Ecoflex-0030 while head was fabricated using relatively flexible material, i.e., OOMOO-25. The head is attached to the functionally responsive tentacles (each tentacle is of 79.12 mm length and 7 void space diameter), whereas shape Memory Alloy (sMA) muscle wires of 0.5 mm thickness are used in Octobot tentacles for dual thrust generation and actuation of Octobot. The tentacles were separated in two groups and were synchronously actuated. Each tentacle of the developed Octobot contains a pair of sMA muscles (sMA-α and sMA-β). sMA-α muscles being the main actuator, was powered by 9 V, 350 mA power supply, whereas sMA-β was used to provide back thrust and thus helps to increase the actuation frequency. simulation work of the proposed model was performed in the solidWorks environment to verify the vertical velocity using the octopus tentacle actuation. The design morphology of Octobot was optimized using simulation and TRACKER software by analyzing the experimental data of angle, displacement, and velocity of real octopus. The as-developed Octobot can swim at variable frequencies (0.5–2 Hz) with the average speed of 25 mm/s (0.5 BLs). Therefore, the proposed soft Octopus robot showed an excellent capability of mimicking the gait pattern of its natural counterpart.

关键词： Bio-inspired Octopus Octobot sub-surface soft robotics swimming