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Deep CNN model for multimodal medical Image Denoising

Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3795-3814页

作者： Walid El-Shafai amira A.mahmoud Anas m.Ali El-Sayed m.El-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran Adel S.El-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering&Technology(AIET) AlexandriaEgypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

In the literature,numerous techniques have been employed to decrease noise in medical image modalities,including X-Ray(XR),Ultrasonic(Us),Computed Tomography(CT),magnetic Resonance Imaging(mRI),and Positron Emission Tomography(PET).These techniques are organized into two main classes:the multiple Image(mI)and the Single Image(SI)*** the mI techniques,images usually obtained for the same area scanned from different points of view are used.A single image is used in the entire procedure in the SI *** denoising techniques can be carried out both in a transform or spatial *** paper is concerned with single-image noise reduction techniques because we deal with single medical *** most well-known spatial domain noise reduction techniques,including Gaussian filter,Kuan filter,Frost filter,Lee filter,Gabor filter,median filter,Homomorphic filter,Speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion(SRAD),Nonlocal-means(NL-means),and Total Variation(TV),are ***,the transform domain noise reduction techniques,including wavelet-based and Curvelet-based techniques,and some hybridization techniques are ***,a deep(Convolutional Neural Network)CNN-based denoising model is proposed to eliminate Gaussian and Speckle noises in different medical image *** model utilizes the Batch Normalization(BN)and the ReLU as a basic *** a result,it attained a considerable improvement over the traditional *** previously mentioned techniques are evaluated and compared by calculating qualitative visual inspection and quantitative parameters like Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),Correlation Coefficient(Cr),and system complexity to determine the optimum denoising algorithm to be applied *** on the quality metrics,it is demonstrated that the proposed deep CNN-based denoising model is efficient and has superior denoising performance over the traditionaldenoising techniques.

关键词： Image enhancement medical imaging speckle noise Gaussian noise denoising filters CNN denoising

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Effect of Cyclooxygenase Inhibition on P-Glycoprotein Expression and Phenytoin Level in Brain Tissue of Pilocarpine Induced Epilepsy in Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2023年第8期11卷 169-191页

作者： Reham m. Elsayed amira S. mohamed mona K. Tawfik magda m. Hagras Faculty of medicine Suez Canal University Ismailia Egypt

Background: Increased brain P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression may play important role in resistance to antiseizure drugs. The present work aimed to overcome the drug resistance that develop due to overexpression of P-gp with subsequent increase in brain phenytoin level in epileptic rats, using either non-selective (indomethacin) or selective (celecoxib) cyclooxygenase inhibitors. methods: Fifty-six adult male albino rats were randomly divided into seven groups. Epilepsy was induced using the lithium pilocarpine model. Rats received indomethacin (2.5 mg/kg) or celecoxib (20 mg/kg), either alone or combined with phenytoin (50 mg/kg). Seizures were evaluated using Racine score. motor coordination was assessed using open field and rotarod tests. Phenytoin brain level was measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), glutamate expression was measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) gene expression was assessed using Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and immunohistochemical analysis was done for P-gp expression. Results: Phenytoin combination with either indomethacin or celecoxib had improved the Racine score, motor coordination on rotarod apparatus, and open field test results. Also, phenytoin combination with either indomethacin or celecoxib decreased brain glutamate level, ABCB1 gene and P-gp expression, and increased brain phenytoin level compared to treatment with phenytoin alone. This indicated that both P-gp inhibitors indomethacin and celecoxib, increased the level of phenytoin that reached the brain of rats. However, brain uptake of phenytoin was significantly enhanced using celecoxib rather than indomethacin (CI 95%, 17.092: 32.808, P-value Conclusion: Cyclooxygenase inhibition using either celecoxib or indomethacin resulted in downregulation of P-gp expression, with subsequent increase in brain phenytoin level in epileptic rats.

关键词： P-Glycoprotein Glutamate Phenytoin Indomethacin Celecoxib Epilepsy

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Liver transplantation during global COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第23期9卷 6608-6623页

作者： mostafa Alfishawy Nso Nso mahmoud Nassar Jonathan Ariyaratnam Sakil Bhuiyan Raheel S Siddiqui matthew Li Howard Chung amira Al Balakosy Ahmed Alqassieh Tibor Fülöp Vincent Rizzo Ahmed Daoud Karim m Soliman Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases Consultants and Academic Researchers of Egypt IDCARECairo 0000Egypt Department of medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 11373United States Clinical pharmacy department Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai(NYC Health and Hospitals:Queens)New YorkNY 11373United States Tropical medicine Department Ain Shams UniversityCairo 11517Egypt Department of Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of medicine Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of medicine Kasr Alainy Medical SchoolCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory disease respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 has significantly impacted the health care systems *** transplantation(LT)has faced an unequivocal challenge during this unprecedented *** targeted review aims to cover most of the clinical issues,challenges and concerns about LT during the COVID-19 pandemic and discuss the most updated literature on this rapidly emerging subject.

关键词： COVID-19 Calcineurin inhibitors Cytokine Distributive justice End-stage liver disease Immunosuppression Liver transplantation mortality

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Vitamin D receptor polymorphism and prostate cancer prognosis

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Current Urology 2022年第4期16卷 246-255页

作者： Ahmed Z.El-attar Samia Hussein mariam F.A.Salama Hanaa m.Ibrahim amira S.AIKaramany mansour K.Elsawi mohamed Hemeda Ahmed Algazeery Oncology Department Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt medical Biochemistry and molecular Biology Department Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazig44511Egypt Zoology Department Faculty of SciencesZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Pathology Department Faculty of MedicineZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt Chemical Pathology Department Cairo University HospitalsCairoEgypt Urology Department Al Ahrar Teaching HospitalZagazigEgypt

Background:Prostatic epithelial cells synthesize the active form of vitamin D(1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3),which participates in regulating prostate ***,a synthetic form of vitamin D3,exhibits antiproliferative and prodifferentiation activities in prostate *** function of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 is mediated by its binding to vitamin D receptor(VDR).VDR forms a heterodimer,typically with retinoid X receptor,to regulate vitamin D target *** evaluated the relationship between VDR polymorphism and clinical characteristics associated with prostate cancer risk and prognosis among Egyptian *** and methods:This case-control study included 2 groups of patients:group A,a control group of 50 subjects with benign prostate hyperplasia,and group B,50 subjects newly diagnosed with prostate *** participants performed complete blood count,liver and kidney function tests,prostate specific antigen measurement,histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for Dickkopf Homolog *** fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction as performed to detect VDR ***:Patients with prostate cancer and controls showed a significantly different CA genotype frequency(p=0.007).Furthermore,prostate-specific antigen levels were significantly different in different genotypes in patients with prostate cancer(pmorphism were significantly associated(pmorphism may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker for prostate cancer in Egyptian men.

关键词： Prostate cancer Prostate-specific antigen Vitamin D receptor polymorphism

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Risk-Adapted, Combined-modality Therapy for Unfavorable Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphom

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2018年第7期9卷 545-558页

作者： Amany m. Ali amira m. mohamed Shimaa Ahmed mohamed Abdallah Tarek m. Alsaba Samar mansour Pediatric Oncology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt Radiotherapy Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt Radiology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt Pathology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt Clinical Pathology Department South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University Assiut Egypt

Background and Objectives: Risk-adapted therapy for children with HL is directed toward high survival, minimal toxicity and optimal quality of life, with long term follow up. We assess the impact of prognostic factors associated with local treatment failure of pediatric HL patients with unfavorable criteria treated with combined modality: Alternating ABVD (Doxorubicin, Bleomycin, Vinblastine and Decarbazine) and COEP (Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, Etoposide and Prednisone) chemotherapy and response-based, involved-field radiation for newly diagnosed unfavorable pediatric HL patients, also will detect toxicities and long-term complications observed in the patients. methods: This prospective study was carried out from January 2010 to January 2018, with a median follow up of 74 months (range 8 - 103 months). 54 patients were eligible for this study stratified into two groups: intermediate risk (IR) and high-risk group (HR). Patients were treated with (4 - 6 cycles) and (6 - 8 cycles) respectively of alternating ABVD/COEP chemotherapy followed by involved-field radiation therapy (IFRT): 15 Gy for patients achieved complete response, and 25.5 Gy for those achieved a partial response. Results: 27 patients were IR and 27 patients were HR. There were 16 treatment failures;5 patients had progressive disease;and 11 patients had a relapse. 9 patients died from their disease progression. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates (±SE) were 81.8% ± 5.7% and 71.8% ± 6.2% respectively. multivariate analysis revealed that the only independent factor for inferior OS was radiotherapy. Conclusion: Treatment results of unfavourable HL patients in our study are satisfactory for with IR group but not for HR group who needs intensification of therapy. Radiotherapy is considered as a cornerstone in the treatment of the patients with unfavourable criteria with better assessment of early responders needed by PET-CT to identify patients at risk for relapse.

关键词： Risk-Adapted Combined-modality Unfavourable Pediatric Hodgkin Lymphoma

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Efficient Segmentation Approach for Different medical Image modalities

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3119-3135页

作者： Walid El-Shafai amira A.mahmoud El-Sayed m.El-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran Adel S.El-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

This paper presents a study of the segmentation of medical *** paper provides a solid introduction to image enhancement along with image segmentation *** the first step,the morphological operations are employed to ensure image detail protection and *** objective of using morphological operations is to remove the defects in the texture of the ***,the Fuzzy C-means(FCm)clustering algorithm is used to modify membership function based only on the spatial neighbors instead of the distance between pixels within local spatial neighbors and cluster *** proposed technique is very simple to implement and significantly fast since it is not necessary to compute the distance between the neighboring pixels and the cluster *** is also efficient when dealing with noisy images because of its ability to efficiently improve the membership partition *** results are performed on different medical image ***(Us),X-ray(mammogram),Computed Tomography(CT),Positron Emission Tomography(PET),and magnetic Resonance(mR)images are the main medical image modalities used in this *** obtained results illustrate that the proposed technique can achieve good results with a short time and efficient image *** results on different image modalities show that the proposed technique can achieve segmentation accuracies of 98.83%,99.71%,99.83%,99.85%,and 99.74%for Us,mammogram,CT,PET,and mRI images,respectively.

关键词： Image segmentation ultrasonic mammogram CT PET mRI morphological operations FCm active contours

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Exendin-4 inhibits the survival and invasiveness of two colorectal cancer cell lines via suppressing GS3Kβ/β-catenin/NF-κB axis through activating SIRT1

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BIOCELL 2021年第5期45卷 1337-1353页

作者： ATTALLA F.EL-KOTT AYmAN E.EL-KENAWY EmAN R.ELBEALY ALI S.ALSHEHRI HEBA S.KHALIFA mASHAEL mOHAmmED BIN-mEFERIJ EHAB E.mASSOUD amira m.ALRAmLAWY Biology Department College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Zoology Department College of ScienceDamanhour UniversityDamanhour22511Egypt Pathology Department College of MedicineTaif UniversityTaif11099Saudi Arabia Biology Department College of Science for GirlsKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Biology Department College of SciencePrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh84428Saudi Arabia Biology Department Faculty of Science and ArtsDahran AljnoubKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Research Center for Advanced materials Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Agriculture Research Centre SoilWater and Environment Research InstituteGiza12619Egypt mansoura Research Centre for Cord Stem Cell(mARC-CSC) Stem Cells BankChildren’s HospitalMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt

This study examined if the anti-tumorigenesis effect of Exendin-4 in HT29 and HCT116 colorectal cancer(CRC)involves modulation of SIRT1 and Akt/GSR3K/β-catenin/NF-κB ***29 and HCT116 cells were treated either with increasing levels of Exendin-4(0.0-200μm)or with Exendin-4(at its IC50)in the presence or absence of EX-527(10μm/a selective SIRT1 inhibitor)or Exendin-4(9-39)amide(E(9-39)A)(1μm/an Exendin-4 antagonist).In a dose-dependent manner,Exendin-4 inhibited cell survival,but enhanced levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)in both HT29 and *** both cell lines and at it has an IC50(45μm for HT29 and 35μm for HCT1165),Exendin-4 also significantly reduced cell survival,migration,and invasion of both cell types,with no effect on the expression GLP-1 receptors(GLPRs)nor of the activity of *** these doses,Exendin-4 also increased the expression of SIRT1 but reduced the acetylation of NF-κB and the expression of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and in both cell ***,protein levels of p-GS3Kβ(Ser9),total and acetylatedβ-catenin,and Anix2 were significantly decreased,but levels of p-GS3Kβ(Ser9)and p-β-catenin(Ser33/37/Thr41)were significantly increased in both HT29 and HCT116-exendin-4 treated *** the effects exerted by Exendin-4 were completely prevented by Ex527 or E(9-39)*** conclusion,Exendin-4 suppresses the tumorigenesis of HT29 and HCT116 CRC cell activation of GS3Kβ-induced inhibition ofβ-catenin and NF-κβin a SIRT1-dependent mechanism.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Exendin-4 SIRT1 GS3Kβ β-catenin NF-κB

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Hybrid Segmentation Approach for Different medical Image modalities

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 3454-3471页

作者： Walid El-Shafai amira A.mahmoud El-Sayed m.El-Rabaie Taha E.Taha Osama F.Zahran Adel S.El-Fishawy Naglaa F.Soliman Amel A.Alhussan Fathi E.Abd El-Samie Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Security Engineering Laboratory Department of Computer SciencePrince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia

The segmentation process requires separating the image region into sub-regions of similar *** sub-region has a group of pixels having the same characteristics,such as texture or *** paper suggests an efficient hybrid segmentation approach for different medical image modalities based on particle swarm optimization(PSO)and improved fast fuzzy C-means clustering(IFFCm)*** extensive comparative study on different medical images is presented between the proposed approach and other different previous segmentation *** existing medical image segmentation techniques incorporate clustering,thresholding,graph-based,edge-based,active contour,region-based,and watershed *** paper extensively analyzes and summarizes the comparative investigation of these ***,a prediction of the improvement involves the combination of these techniques is *** obtained results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid medical image segmentation approach provides superior outcomes in terms of the examined evaluation metrics compared to the preceding segmentation techniques.

关键词： Image segmentation ultrasonic images X-ray images CT images PET images mR images fuzzy c-mean morphological operations active contour

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The Inhibitory Effect of Curcumin on Ornithine Decarboxylase against Hepatic Carcinoma

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2019年第5期7卷 127-145页

作者： Abeer A. Khamis amira H. Sharshar Amal H. mahmoud Tarek m. mohamed Biochemistry Division Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt Head Researcher of Special Food and Nutrition Department Food Technology Research Institute Agricultural Research Center Giza Egypt

Curcumin the active component of turmeric is widely used as an anticancer agent for treating many human cancers. This study aimed at the extraction of curcumin from Curcuma Longa and investigates its therapeutic effect as ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor in HepG2 cells. The proliferation of HepG2 cells was carried out by using the mTT assay. In addition, cell cycle analysis was evaluated by using the flow-cytometric technique. Our results showed that curcumin has the ability to inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells with IC50 of 24.79 μg/ml and induced G2/m cell cycle arrest. moreover, it caused an elevation in the intracellular concentration of Ca2+. moreover, in the curcumin administration the downregulation expression level of ODC and Bcl-2 genes (p ≤ 0.05) was significant found. On the other hand, upregulation in the expression level of P53, Bax, and caspase-3 genes (p ≤ 0.05). This study concluded that curcumin may be considered as a new saving candidate for the future progress of antitumor agents.

关键词： Curcumin-HepG2 Cells-Apoptosis Ornithine Decarboxylase Bax Cell Cycle

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Oligomerized Amyloid-<i>β</i><sub>1-40</sub>Peptide Favors Cholesterol, Oxysterol, and Fatty Acid Accumulation in Human Neuronal SK-N-BE Cells

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International Journal of Clinical medicine 2015年第11期6卷 813-824页

作者： amira Zarrouk Thomas Nury mohamed Hammami Gérard Lizard Laboratoire de Biochimie (LR12ES05)-Lab-NAFS “Nutrition Aliments Fonctionnels et Santé Vasculaire” Faculté de Médecine Université de Monastir Monastir Tunisie Equipe “Biochimie du Peroxysome Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique” (EA 7270) Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté/INSERM Dijon France

Amyloid peptide, the main component of senile plaques, is a major biological characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of the present study conducted on human neuronal SK-N-BE cells was to evaluate whether oligomerized Aβ1-40-induced cell damages was associated with lipid modifications. Under treatment with Aβ1-40 (10 - 100 μm;24 - 48 h), cell viability was recorded with the mTT test and by measuring LDH activity. mitochondrial transmembrane potential and ATP production were assessed using flow cytometry and a luciferase-based ATP bioluminescence assay, respectively. Annexin V-CF647 staining assay for cell apoptosis detection was performed using flow cytometry. Potentially intracellular cytotoxic lipids (oxysterols: 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7α-OHC), 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7β-OHC), and 7-ketocholesterol (7KC), 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol;arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6);VLCFAs (C22:0, C24:0, C24:6 and C26:0)) were measured using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The cellular level of docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3), often altered in AD, was also quantified. In the presence of Aβ1-40, the percentage of mTT-positive cells decreased and was associated with an increase in LDH activity. In addition, treatment with oligomerized Aβ1-40 induced a decrease of mitochondrial transmembrane potential as well as an apoptotic cell death. Sterol analysis revealed a higher cholesterol level and a significant increase of cytotoxic oxysterols per cell (7KC + 7β-OHC), and of the [(7β-OHC + 7KC)/cholesterol] ratio, considered as a lipid peroxidation index, in Aβ1-40-treated cells. An enhancement of C20:4 n-6, C22:6 n-3 and saturated VLCFAs was also observed. Therefore, Aβ1-40-induced side effects are associated with intracellular accumulation of lipids, especially cholesterol, oxysterols (7β-OHC, 7KC), C20:4 n-6, and saturated VLCFAs, which could in turn contribute to neurotoxicity.

关键词： SK-N-BE Cells Oligomerized Aβ1-40 Cholesterol Oxysterols Very Long Chain Fatty Acids

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