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Insect Science 2023年第6期30卷 1798-1809页

作者： amal el Nabbout Laura V.Ferguson Atsushi Miyashita Shelley A.Adamo Department of Biology Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada Department of Biology Acadia UniversityWolfvilleNova ScotiaCanada Institute of Medical Mycology Teikyo UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie UniversityNova ScotiaCanada

The tick, Ixodes scapularis, vectors pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium that causes Lyme disease. Over the last few decades I. scapularis has expanded its range, introducing a novel health threat into these areas. Warming temperatures appear to be one cause of its range expansion to the north. However, other factors are also involved. We show that unfed adult female ticks infected with B. burgdorferi have greater overwintering survival than uninfected female ticks. Locally collected adult female ticks were placed in individual microcosms and allowed to overwinter in both forest and dune grass environments. In the spring we collected the ticks and tested both dead and living ticks for B. burgdorferi DNA. Infected ticks had greater overwintering survival compared with uninfected ticks every winter for three consecutive winters in both forest and dune grass environments. We discuss the most plausible explanations for this result. The increased winter survival of adult female ticks could enhance tick population growth. Our results suggest that, in addition to climate change, B. burgdorferi infection itself may be promoting the northern range expansion of I. scapularis. Our study highlights how pathogens could work synergistically with climate change to promote host range expansion.

关键词： cold tolerance ecological immunology Lyme disease thermobiology winter

Cytokine profile in Egyptian hepatitis C virus genotype-4 in relation to liver disease progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第42期11卷 6624-6630页

作者： Abdel-Rahman N Zekri Mohammed S el-Din Ashour Ahmed Hassan Hanaa M Alam el-Din amal MR el-Shehaby Maha A Abu-Shady Virology and Immunology Unit Cancer Biology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Egypt Microbiology Department Faculty of Pharmacy Azhar University Egypt Microbiology and Immunology Department Sohag Faculty of Medicine South Valley University Egypt Virology and Immunology Unit Cancer Biology Department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Egypt Biochemistry Department el-Kaser el-Aini School of Medicine Cairo University Egypt

AIM： To observe the imbalance between T helper cell Th1 and Th2 cytokines in several chronic hepatitis disease at different stages of disease progression. METHODS： We measured the cytokine levels of Thl （IL-2 and IL-2R）, Th2 （IL-10） and the pro-inflammatory cytokines （IL-6 and IL-6R and TNF and TNF-RI and II） by the elISA technique in the sera of 33 hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） patients and 20 chronic liver disease （CLD） patients. In addition, 20 asymptomatic hepatitis C virus carriers and 20 healthy subjects negative for hepatitis C virus（HCV） markers served as controls. RESULTS： Anti-HCV antibodies were found to be positive in 94% of HCC cases and 75% of CLD cases. On the other hand, HCV viremia was detected using RT- PCR in 67% of HCC cases and 65% of CLD cases. HBsAg was positive in 9% of HCC cases and 30% of CLD cases. Also bilharziaI-Ab was positive in 55% of HCC cases, 65% of CLD cases and in 70% of asymptomatic carriers （ASC）. HCC patients had significantly higher values of IL- 2R, TNF-RII （P〈0.001）, and TNF-RI （P〉0.05）, but lower TNFα （P〈0.001） and IL-6 （P = 0.032） in comparison to ASC. But, in comparison to non-cancer controls, HCC patients had higher values of IL-2R, IL-6R, TNF-RI and TNF-RII, but lower TNF-α （P〈0.001）. CLD patients had higher IL-2R, TNF-RI, and TNF-RII （P〈0.001） than ASC. But, in comparison to non-cancer controls, CLD patients had higher values of IL-2R, TNF-RI and TNF-RII, but lower TNF-α （P〈0.001）. IL-10 was higher （though not significantly） in HCC and CLD patients than in symptomatic carriers and non-cancer controls. CONCLUSION： Liver disease progression from CLD to HCC due to HCV genotype-4 infection is associated with an imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cytokines. IL-2R, TNF-RI, and TNF-RII could be used as potential markers.

关键词： Cytokine HCV Genotype-4 Liver disease

Assessment of Breast Cancer Prevention Practices among Women Attending Primary Health Care in Abha City, Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2024年第2期15卷 31-54页

作者： Sabah Mohammed Asiri Sultan Yahia Alfifii Tagreed Khairan Al-Rashidi Sager Misfer Alqahtani Faiz Abdulrahman Alshafa Fayez Mari Alamri amal Mohammed Asiri Fatima Mohammed Ali Almagadi Thuraya Mohammed Asiri Department of Therapeutic Assistance Management General Directorate of Health Affairs Asser Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Health Affairs General Directorate of Health Affairs Asser Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Kidney King Khaled Hospital Hail Saudi Arabia Department of Nursing Sarat Abida Hospital Aseer Saudi Arabia Department of Radiation Oncology King Faisal Medical City Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Health Affairs KSA MOH Department of Kidney Dialysis Centers General Directorate of Health Affairs Aseer Region Abha Saudi Arabia Department of Operation Ahad Rafidah Hospital General Directorate of Health Affairs in Asseer Region Abha Saudi Arabia South Qunfudah General Hospital Jizan Saudi Arabia Armed Forces Southern Region Hospital Aseer Saudi Arabia

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with breast cancer being the most common (2.26 million new cases and 685,000 deaths). In Saudi Arabia, breast cancer ranked the first among females in 2014, accounting for 15.9% of all cancers reported among Saudi nationals and 28.7% of all cancers reported among females of all ages. Early detection of breast cancer could decrease the risks, have a better prognosis, and have better outcomes/more successful treatments. Prevalence of breast cancer reached more than 25% of all diagnosed cancer in the kingdom among women. Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge and performance of women attending primary care centers about breast self-examination and mammogram screening for prevention and early detection of breast cancer in Abha city primary healthcare centers, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Research Method: cross sectional design was conducted by using questionnaire, which was distributed to primary care center nurses. The collected data was statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 25. Results: The study found that participants had poor awareness and knowledge about breast self-examination, risk factors for breast cancer, and trends and practices in early diagnosis of breast cancer. Conclusion and Recommendations: It recommends increasing awareness campaigns and providing educational programs to improve knowledge and practices.

关键词： Assessment Breast Cancer Prevention Practices Women Attending Health Care Centers Abha City

Promising hollow multi-shelled structures:discovering the temporal-spatial ordering

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National Science Review 2020年第11期7卷 1763-1764页

作者： Rose amal School of Chemical Engineering University of New South Wales

Harvesting incident photons is the first step in a photo-induced process such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics or photodetection, which crucially governs the process performance. Unfortunately,extensive energy losses are observed in this step due to severe surface reflections and limited optical paths of the shortwavelength light [1]. Thus,

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Examining the Types and Consequences of Female Genital Mutilation in Somalia: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Burden and Impact of Acute and Long-Term Complications

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第9期14卷 1322-1334页

作者： Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud Nur Adam Mohamed Mohamed Yaqub Hassan Khadija Yusuf Ali Marian Muse Osman amal Nor Ali Ifrah Adan Hilowle Iftin Mohamed Osman Mohamed Farah Yusuf Mohamud Department of Nursing Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pediatric Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Research Department National Institute of Health Mogadishu Somalia Department of Pulmonology Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia Department of Emergency Medicine Mogadishu Somali Turkiye Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital Mogadishu Somalia

Background: In Africa, female genital mutilation (FGM) is a widespread and harmful practice, with Somalia having the highest incidence at 98%. This practice has severe and long-lasting physical and mental health consequences. The aim of the study was to evaluate the different types of FGM;immediate and long-term complications associated with the practice, and identify factors related to its prevalence. Method: In a one-year cross-sectional hospital-based study, data were collected from females aged 18 - 50 with a history of FGM. Face-to-face semi-structured questionnaires were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, utilizing univariate and bivariate analyses to identify correlations between variables, which were presented in tables. Results: In a study involving 255 female participants, 65.5% were between 18 and 30 years old. The majority (82.7%) were married, while 47.1% were illiterate. FGM cases were more prevalent in rural areas (61.6%). Among the participants, 45.1% were employed. Type 3 FGM was the most common (44.3%), followed by Type 2 (32.2%) and Type 1 (23.9%). In terms of short-term complications experienced by circumcised women, the most common were bleeding, reported by 29.8% of participants, followed by infection (25.1%), and urinary retention (19.2%). Among the long-term complications observed, recurrent vaginal infections were the most prevalent, affecting 29.8% of the surveyed females. This was episiotomy during delivery (22.3%) and genital scarring (10.2%). Conclusion: The study reveals that Type 3 FGM is highly prevalent among the surveyed females, contributing to an increased risk of recurrent vaginal infections, prolonged second stage of labor, higher likelihood of episiotomy during delivery, and genital scarring. These findings emphasize the urgent need for effective preventive strategies and implementation from both international and local organizations to eliminate the harmful practice of FGM.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation Women Obstetrics and Gynecology Somalia

Naringenin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the mRNA-208a signaling pathway in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第10期13卷 443-450页

作者： Ayman eldourghamy Toka Hossam Mohammed Abdalla Hussein amal Abdel-Aziz Samir A.el-masry Environmental Biotechnology Department Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research InstituteSadat UniversityEgypt Department of Medical Labs Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences TechnologyOctober 6 UniversityEgypt Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied Health Sciences TechnologyOctober 6 UniversityEgypt Molecular Biology Department Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research InstituteSadat UniversityEgypt

Objective:To investigate the cardioprotective effect of naringenin against isoproterenol(ISO)-induced cardiotoxicity in ***:Rats were divided into five groups:the normal group,the ISO group(85 mg/kg b.w.);the ISO+naringenin(50 mg/kg b.w.)group,the ISO+naringenin(100 mg/kg b.w.)group and the ISO+propranolol(10 mg/kg b.w.)*** creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB),cardiac troponin T,lactate dehydrogenase,brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),and IL-10,as well as cardiac transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were *** addition,NLRP3 and mRNA-208a expressions were evaluated by RT-PCR *** examination was also performed to assess cardiac ***:Naringenin treatment significantly decreased plasma lactate dehydrogenase,CK-MB,cardiac troponin T,BNP,and IL-10,as well as cardiac TGF-β1,VEGF,and MDA while increasing p-Akt and superoxide dismutase in ISO-administered *** also reduced NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression ***,naringenin improved ISO-induced cardiac ***:Naringenin attenuates myocardial dysfunction in ISO-treated rats by decreasing oxidative stress and increasing cardiac endogenous antioxidant system,which may be modulated partly by improvement of NLRP3 and mRNA-208a gene expression.

关键词： Naringenin Isoproterenol Myocardial infarction Antioxidants NLRP3 mRNA-208a

BRCA1,PARP,and 53BP1:conditional synthetic lethality and synthetic viability

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2011年第1期3卷 66-74页

作者： amal Aly Shridar Ganesan Cancer Institute of New Jersey Robert Wood Johnson Medical School-UMDNJ195 Little Albany StreetNew BrunswickNJ 08903USA

BRCA1 plays a critical role in the regulation of homologous recombination(HR)-mediated DNA double-strand break ***1-deficient cancers have evolved to tolerate loss of BRCA1 *** renders them vulnerable to agents,such as PARP inhibitors,that are conditionally‘synthetic lethal’with their underlying repair *** studies demonstrate that BRCA1-deficient cells may acquire resistance to these agents by partially correcting their defect in HR-mediated repair,either through reversion mutations in BRCA1 or through‘synthetic viable’loss of *** findings and their clinical implications will be reviewed in this article.

关键词： DNA repair BRCA1 53BP1 PARP

Seasonal changes in testicular ultrasonogram pixel-intensity and their association with semen characteristics in rams

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2020年第1期9卷 49-54页

作者： Mohamed Gamal Hedia Mohamed Shehata el-Belely Sayed Taha Ismail amal Mahmoud Abo el-Maaty Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Department of Animal Reproduction and AI Veterinary DivisionNational Research CenterDokkiGizaEgypt

Objective:To establish reference values for pixel intensity of testicular ultrasonogram of rams in breeding and non-breeding seasons,and to investigate if the seasonal changes in testicular echogenicity and heterogeneity are associated with semen ***:Five Awassi rams aged 3-5 years old and weighing 45-60 kg were subjected to ultrasonographic scanning of the testes twice monthly for one year(from January 2018 to December 2018),together with semen collection and evaluation of ejaculate volume,sperm motility,sperm concentration,sperm morphology and *** ejaculate volume was determined in a graduated collection tube(scale of 0.1 mL).Mass and individual sperm motility was expressed in percentage of motile spermatozoa under optical microscope equipped with a warm *** concentration was determined by using a Neubauer *** smears stained with eosin-nigrosin were used to determine the percentage of live spermatozoa and sperm cell morphology by using a light ***:The mean testicular pixel intensity was the lowest in winter and increased gradually from breeding season to non-breeding season,reaching its maximum value in summer(Pel intensity was found to have a significant negative correlation with progressive motility(r=-0.605,Pely correlated with the percentage of sperm morphological abnormalities(r=0.666,Pel intensity values of testicular ultrasonogram in rams undergo marked seasonal changes that are associated with fluctuations in photoperiod and ambient *** resulting values of testicular echogenicity(pixel intensity)throughout the year provide useful reference values for predicting the testicular function in Awassi rams.

关键词： Testes Echotexture Pixel intensity Semen Season Rams

Influence of potassium fertilization and foliar application of zinc and phosphorus on growth,yield components,yield and fiber properties of Egyptian cotton(Gossypium barbadense L.)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2008年第4期1卷 259-270页

作者： Zakaria M.Sawan Mahmoud H.Mahmoud amal H.el-Guibali Cotton Research Institute Agricultural Research CenterMinistry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation9 Gamaa StreetGiza 12619Egypt Soils Water and Environment Research InstituteAgricultural Research CenterMinistry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation9 Gamaa StreetGiza 12619Egypt

Aims Supplying optimal quantities of mineral nutrients to growing crop plants is one way to improve crop *** need to be used rationally in order to avoid a negative ecological impact and undesirable effects on the sustainability of agricultural production *** application of nutrients also affects the farmer’s *** order to calculate the amount of fertilizer to be applied to crops,it is necessary to develop recommendation programmers that adjust nutrient rates to crop *** Experiments in two successive seasons were conducted to investigate the effect of K fertilization and foliar application of Zn and P on yield and fiber properties of cotton *** ***(0.0 and 47.4 kg of K ha^(-1))was soil applied,while chelated zinc(0.0 and 57.6 g of Zn ha^(-1),applied twice at 70 and 85 days after sowing‘DAS’)and phosphorus(0.0,576,1152 and 1728 g of P ha^(-1),applied twice at 80 and 95 DAS)were applied to the *** findings Dry matter yield,total chlorophyll concentration,K,Zn and P uptake per plant,number of opened bolls per plant,boll weight,seed index,lint index,seed cotton yield per plant,seed cotton and lint yield ha^(-1) and earliness of harvest increased with the application of K,Zn and *** generally had no significant effect on lint percentage and fiber properties,with exceptions,for micronaire reading and flat bundle strength,and uniformity ratio,where the mean values of these characters were significantly increased over the untreated control by applying K,and for the micronaire reading in the first season,when applying P at 1728 g ha^(-1),and uniformity ratio in the second season,when applying Pat 1152 and 1728 g ha^(-1),where the mean values of these characters were significantly increased over the untreated control by applying *** the conditions of this study,applying K fertilization at 47.4 kg ha^(-1) combined with spraying cotton plants with zinc at 57.6 g ha^(-1) and also with P at

关键词： cotton fiber properties phosphorus potassium yield and yield components zinc

Pulmonary Immune Responses to Aspergillus Fumigatus in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2014年第9期27卷 684-694页

作者： MIRKOV Ivana el-MUZGHI amal Atia Mhfuod DJOKIC Jelena NINKOV Marina POPOV ALEKSANDROV Aleksandra GLAMOCLIJA Jasmina KATARANOVSKI Milena Department of Ecology Institute for Biological Research ‘Sinisa Stankovic'University of Belgrade Department of Plant Physiology (Mycology Lab) Institute for Biological Research ‘Sinisa Stankovic'University of Belgrade Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry Faculty of BiologyUniversity of Belgrade

Objective To evaluate immunologic mechanisms underlying Aspergillus fumigatus pulmonary infections in immunocompetent Dark Agouti （DA） and Albino Oxford （AO） rats recognized as being susceptible to some inflammatory diseases in different manners. Methods Lung fungal burden （quantitative colony forming units, CFU, assay）, leukocyte infiltration （histology, cell composition） and their function （phagocytosis, oxidative activity, CDllb adhesion molecule expression） and cytokine interferon-y （IFN-y） and interleukin-17 and -4 （IL-17 and IL-4） lung content were evaluated following infection （intratracheally, lxl07 conidia）. Results Slower reduction of fungal burden was observed in AO rats in comparison with that in DA rats, which was coincided with less intense histologically evident lung cell infiltration and leukocyte recovery as well as lower level of most of the their activities including intracellular myeloperoxidase activity, the capacity of nitroblue tetrazolium salt reduction and CDllb adhesion molecule expression （except for phagocytosis of conidia） in these rats. Differential patterns of changes in proinflammatory cytokine levels （unchanged levels of IFN-v and transient increase of IL-17 in AO rats vs continuous increase of both cytokines in DA rats） and unchanged levels of IL-4 were observed. Conclusion Genetically-based differences in the pattern of antifungal lung leukocyte activities and cytokine milieu, associated with differential efficiency of fungal elimination might be useful in the future use of rat models in studies of pulmonary aspergillosis.

关键词： A. fumigatus Rats Lung immune responses