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Mammary gland growth and vascularity at parturition and during lactation in primiparous ewes fed differing levels of selenium and nutritional plane during gestation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 287-293页

作者： Tammi l Neville allison M Meyer Arshi Reyaz Pawel B Borowicz Dale A Redmer lawrence P Reynolds Joel S Caton Kimberly A Vonnahme Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy Department of Animal Sciences North Dakota State University

Background： Objectives were to examine the effects of selenium （Se） supply and maternal nutritional plane during gestation on mammary gland growth, cellular proliferation, and vascularity at parturition and d 20 of lactation. Rambouillet primiparous ewes （n = 84） were allocated to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial. Factors were dietary Se （adequate Se [ASe, 11.5 μg/kg BW] or high Se [HSe, 77.0 μg/kg BVV]） and nutritional plane （60% IRES], 100% [CON], or 140% [EXC]）. At parturition, lambs were removed and 42 ewes （7/treatment） were necropsied. Remaining ewes were fed a common diet meeting requirements for lactation and mechanically milked twice daily until necropsy on d 20. At both necropsy periods, mammary glands were dissected and tissues harvested. Samples were analyzed for RNA, DNA, and protein content, cell proliferation, and vascularity. Where interactions were present （P 〈 0.05）, least squares means from the highest-order interaction are presented. Results： Final body weight of ewes was least （P 〈 0.002） in RES, intermediate for CON, and greatest for EXC, regardless of stage of the ewe at necropsy （parturition or d 20 of lactation）. In ewes necropsied at parturition, mammary glands were heavier （P = 0.02） in EXC compared to RES, with CON intermediate. Concentration of RNA （rag/g） was decreased （P= 0.01） in EXC compared to CON at parturition. There was a tendency （P= 0.07） for a Se by nutrition interaction in percentage of cells proliferating where ASe-EXC ewes had greater （P_〈 0.02） number of proliferating cells then all other treatments. Mammary vascular area tended （P = 0.08） to be affected by a Se by nutrition interaction where ASe-CON had less （P= 0.007） vascular area than HSe-CON ewes. In ewes necropsied at d 20 of lactation, the number of alveoli per area was decreased （P 〈- 0.05） in RES compared to CON and EXC-fed ewes. Conclusions： Results of this study indicate that proper maternal nutritional plane during gestation is important for mammary gland develo

关键词： Mammary gland Nutrition Proliferation Selenium Vascularity

Electrospinning nanofiber scaffolds for soft and hard tissue regeneration

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第24期59卷 243-261页

作者： Xianrui Xie Yujie Chen Xiaoyu Wang Xiaoqing Xu Yihong Shen Atta ur Rehman Khan Ali Aldalbahi allison E.Fetz Gary l.Bowlin Mohamed El-Newehy Xiumei Mo State Key laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11451Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MemphisMemphisTN38152USA

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that integrates medical,biological,and engineering expertise to restore or regenerate the functionality of healthy tissues and *** three fundamental pillars of tissue engineering are scaffolds,cells,and *** nanofibers have been successfully used as scaffolds for a variety of tissue engineering applications because they are biomimetic of the natural,fibrous extracellular matrix(ECM)and contain a three-dimensional(3D)network of interconnected *** this review,we provide an overview of the electrospinning process,its principles,and the application of the resultant electrospun nanofibers for tissue *** first briefly introduce the electrospinning process and then cover its principles and standard equipment for biomaterial ***,we highlight the most important and recent advances related to the applications of electrospun nanofibers in tissue engineering,including skin,blood vessels,nerves,bone,cartilage,and tendon/ligament ***,we conclude with current advancements in the fabrication of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds and their biomedical applications in emerging areas.

关键词： Nanofibers Electrospinning Tissue engineering Regeneration Biomedical application

The Utility of 1000 - 500 mb Thickness and Weather Type as a Rain-Snow Divide: A 30-Year Study at Albany, NY

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 372-391页

作者： allison C. Hannigan Melissa l. Godek Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences SUNY College at Oneonta Oneonta NY USA

Winter synoptic conditions that produce snowfall with bitterly cold temperatures create both social and economic hazards in the capital city of Albany, NY. Sometimes these systems are forecasted in error to produce rain or mixed precipitation. It is beneficial for meteorologists to better understand the commonly used 5400 and 1300 GPM line to better forecast rain versus snow events. Other studies have looked into the use of the 5400 GPM (540 dm) line but none have assessed the validity of this boundary with respect to weather type characterization at Albany. This study aims to determine the reliability of the widely referenced guides for depicting the rain-snow line, and improve forecast aids for the vertical atmosphere during winter precipitation events. The mean daily 500, 850, 925 and 1000 mb heights and weather type frequency of the Spatial Synoptic Classification between November and March of 1980 - 2012 are analyzed. Results indicate that the standard vertical boundaries are inaccurate indicators of a rain versus snow event in Albany. More reasonable rain-snow cut offs for the 1000 - 500 and 1000 - 850 mb thicknesses are 5222 and 1262 GPM. For the 1000 - 925 mb level, 606 GPM is a helpful aid of identifying the rain-snow boundary. Further scrutinizing by weather type indicates that the rain-snow boundary also varies depending on what air mass/weather type is present on a given day. For instance, when the most prominent weather type is observed over Albany (Dry Polar), at the 1000 - 850 mb and 1000 - 500 mb layers, a boundary of 1242 GPM and 5152 GPM is found to be most representative. Results indicate only for the rarest of winter weather types observed over Albany, Moist Tropical, are the standard cut offs useful. Determining the reliability of this precipitation indicator at a specific station, like Albany, could enable meteorologists in other regions of the country to draw parallels between weather type, precipitation, and thickness in their forecast zones.

关键词： Thickness Geopotential Weather Type Air Mass Northeast US Spatial Synoptic Classification Snow Rain

Micromolded honeycomb scaffold design to support the generation of a bilayered RPE and photoreceptor cell construct

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第12期30卷 142-153页

作者： In-Kyu lee Ruosen Xie Agustin luz-Madrigal Seunghwan Min Jingcheng Zhu Jiahe Jin Kimberly l.Edwards M.Joseph Phillips allison l.ludwig David M.Gamm Shaoqin Gong Zhenqiang Ma Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Wisconsin Institute for Discovery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53715USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA McPherson Eye Research Institute University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Waisman Center University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53705USA Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences University of Wisconsin–MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Department of Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Grainger Institute for Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA

Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)causes blindness due to loss of retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)and photoreceptors(PRs),which comprise the two outermost layers of the *** the small size of the macula and the importance of direct contact between RPE and PRs,the use of scaffolds for targeted reconstruction of the outer retina in later stage AMD and other macular dystrophies is particularly *** developed microfabricated,honeycomb-patterned,biodegradable poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)scaffolds to deliver organized,adjacent layers of RPE and PRs to the subretinal ***,an optimized process was developed to photocure PGS,shortening scaffold production time from days to *** resulting scaffolds robustly supported the seeding of human pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE and PRs,either separately or as a dual celllayered *** advanced,economical,and versatile scaffolds can accelerate retinal cell transplantation efforts and benefit patients with AMD and other retinal degenerative diseases.

关键词： Microfabrication Retina Scaffolds Stem cells Tissue engineering

Macrophage polarization in response to wear particles in vitro

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2013年第6期10卷 471-482页

作者： Joseph K Antonios Zhenyu Yao Chenguang li allison J Rao Stuart B Goodman Orthopaedic Research laboratories Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA

Total joint replacement is a highly successful surgical procedure for treatment of patients with disabling arthritis and joint dysfunction. However, over time, with high levels of activity and usage of the joint, implant wear particles are generated from the articulating surfaces. These wear particles can lead to activation of an inflammatory reaction, and subsequent bone resorption around the implant （periprosthetic osteolysis）. Cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage orchestrate this chronic inflammatory response, which is dominated by a pro-inflammatory （M 1） macrophage phenotype rather than an anti-inflammatory pro-tissue healing （M2） macrophage phenotype. While it has been shown that interleukin-4 （Il-4） selectively polarizes macrophages towards an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype which promotes bone healing, rather than inflammation, little is known about the time course in which this occurs or conditions in which repolarization through I l-4 is most effective. The goal of this work was to study the time course of murine macrophage polarization and cytokine release in response to challenge with combinations of polymethyl methacrylate （PMMA） particles, lipopolysaccharide （lPS） and Il-4 in vitro. Treatment of particle-challenged monocyte/macrophages with Il-4 led to an initial suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） production and subsequent polarization into an M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype. This result was optimized when Il-4 was delivered before PMMA particle challenge, to an M 1 phenotype rather than to uncommitted （MO） macrophages. The effects of this polarization were sustained over a 5-day time course. Polarization of M1 macrophages into an M2 phenotype may be a strategy to mitigate wear particle associated periprosthetic osteolysis.

关键词： Il-4 macrophage polarization osteolysis PMMA particles total joint replacement

Poriferan chitin as a template for hydrothermal zirconia deposition

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2013年第3期7卷 248-260页

作者： Marcin WYSOKOWSKI Mykhaylo MOTYlENKO Vasilii V. BAZHENOV Dawid STAWSKI lroslav PETRENKO Andre EHRlICH Thomas BEHM Zoran KlJAJIC allison l. STEllING Teofil JESIONOWSKI Hermann EHRlICH Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering Poznan University of Technology 60965 Poznan Poland Institute of Materials Science TU Bergakademie Freiberg D-09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Experimental Physics TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Department of Commodity and Material Sciences and Textile Metrology Technical University of Lodz 90924 Lodz Poland Institut fur Eisenund Stahltechnologie TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Mineralogy TU Bergakademie Freiberg 09599 Freiberg Germany Institute of Marine Biology University of Montenegro 85330 Kotor Montenegro Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University 27708 Durham NC USA

Chitin is a thermostable biopolymer found in various inorganic-organic skeletal structures of numerous invertebrates including sponges （Porifera）. The occurrence of chitin within calcium- and silica-based biominerals in organisms living in extreme natural conditions has inspired development of new （extreme biomimetic） synthesis route of chitin-based hybrid materials in vitro. Here, we show for the first time that 3D-a-chitin scaffolds isolated from skeletons of the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba can be effectively mineralized under hydrothermal conditions （150℃） using ammonium zirconium（IV） carbonate as a precursor of zirconia. Obtained chitin-ZrO2 hybrid materials were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, HRTEM, as well as light and confocal laser microscopy. We suggest that formation of chitin-ZrO2 hybrids occurs due to hydrogen bonds between chitin and ZrO2.

关键词： chitin biocomposite zirconia hydrothermal synthesis ammonium zirco-nium carbonate

layer-by-layer functionalized nanotube arrays:A versatile microfluidic platform for biodetection

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： allison l.Yost Setareh Shahsavari Grinia M.Bradwell Roberta Polak Fabio Fachin Robert E.Cohen Gareth H.McKinley Mehmet Toner Michael F.Rubner Brian l.Wardle Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Center for Engineering in Medicine and BioMEMS Resource Center Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical Schooland Shriners Hospital for ChildrenBostonMA 02139USA

We demonstrate the layer-by-layer(lbl)assembly of polyelectrolyte multilayers(PEM)on three-dimensional nanofiber *** porosity(99%)aligned carbon nanotube(CNT)arrays are photolithographically patterned into elements that act as textured scaffolds for the creation of functionally coated(nano)porous ***-scale bilayers of poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(styrene sulfonate)(PAH/SPS)are formed conformally on the individual nanotubes by repeated deposition from aqueous solution in microfluidic *** and experimental results show that the lbl deposition is dominated by the diffusive transport of the polymeric constituents,and we use this understanding to demonstrate spatial tailoring on the patterned nanoporous elements.A proof-of-principle application,microfluidic bioparticle capture using N-hydroxysuccinimide-biotin binding for the isolation of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),is demonstrated.

关键词： layer-by-layer carbon nanotube microfluidic nanoporous functionalization bioparticle capture

“Autoinflammatory psoriasis”-genetics and biology of pustular psoriasis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 307-317页

作者： Ranjitha Uppala lam C.Tsoi Paul W.Harms Bo Wang allison C.Billi Emanual Maverakis J.Michelle Kahlenberg Nicole l.Ward Johann E.Gudjonsson Graduate Program in Immunology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Pathology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Dermatology University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Division of Rheumatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA A.Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute Ann ArborMIUSA Departments of Nutrition and Dermatology Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that has a fairly wide range of clinical *** psoriasis,which is the most common manifestation of psoriasis,is located on one end of the spectrum,dominated by adaptive immune responses,whereas the rarer pustular psoriasis lies on the opposite end,dominated by innate and autoinflammatory immune *** recent years,genetic studies have identified six genetic variants that predispose to pustular psoriasis,and these have highlighted the role of Il-36 cytokines as central to pustular psoriasis *** this review,we discuss the presentation and clinical subtypes of pustular psoriasis,contribution of genetic predisposing variants,critical role of the Il-36 family of cytokines in disease pathophysiology,and treatment perspectives for pustular *** further outline the application of appropriate mouse models for the study of pustular psoriasis and address the outstanding questions and issues related to our understanding of the mechanisms involved in pustular psoriasis.

关键词： Pustular psoriasis Genetics Il-36 Autoinflammation Clinical features Histology

IllUMINATION AND EXPOSITION OF A CONVEX n-DIMENSIONAl BODY DEPENDING ON ITS SHARPNESS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2002年第2期22卷 189-198页

作者： Boris V. Dekster Mathematics, Mount allison University, Sackville, N.B. EOA 3C0, Canada Mathematics Mount Allison University Sackville N.B. E0A 3C0 Canada

A convex n-body C is said to be exposable to a set D of a few directions if there is a linear transformation l : En → En such that l(C) arid each body isometric to l(C) is illuminated by D. Denote by En the minimum integer such that each C is exposable to a (fixed) set D of cardinality En. An upper bound for En is established here.

关键词： Covering illumination Hadwiger conjecture