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State-to-state Photoionization Dynamics of Vanadium Nitride by Two-color Laser Photoionization and Photoelectron Methods

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2013年第6期26卷 669-678,I0003页

作者： Huang Huang Zhi-hong Luo yih Chung Chang Kai-Chung lau C. y. Ng Department of Chemistry University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Biology and Chemistry Oty University of Hone Kong Kowloon Hone Kong China

We have conducted a two-color visible-ultraviolet （VIS-UV） resonance-enhanced laser pho- toionization and pulsed field ionization-photoelectron （PFI-PE） study of gaseous vana- dium mononitride （VN） in the total energy range of 56900-59020 cm-1. The VN molecules were selectively excited to single rotational levels of the intermediate VN（D3H0, v＇=0） state by using a VIS dye laser prior to photoionization by employing a UV laser. This two-color scheme allows the measurements of rovibronically selected and re- solved PFI-PE spectra for the VN＋（X2A; v＋=0, 1, and 2） ion vibrational bands. By simulating the rotationally resolved PFI-PE spectra, J＋=3/2 is determined to be the lowest rotational level of the ground electronic state, indicating that the symmetry of the ground VN＋ electronic state is 2A3/2. The analysis of the PFI-PE spectra for VN＋ also yields accurate values for the adiabatic ionization energy for the formation of VN＋（X2A3/2）, IE（VN）=56909.5＋0.8 cm-1 （7.05588±0.00010 eV）, the vibrational fre- quency wc＋=1068.0±0.8 cm-1, the anharmonicity constant wc＋Xe＋=5.8±0.8 cm-1, the rotational constants Be＋=0.6563±0.0005 cm-1 and ae＋=0.0069±0.0004 cm-1, and the equi-librium bond length, re＋=1.529A, for VN＋（X2A3/2）; along with the rotational constants Bc＋=0.6578i0.0028 cm-1 and a＋=0.0085±0.0028 cm-1, and the equilibrium bond length re＋=1.527A for VN＋（X2As/2）, and the spin-orbit coupling constant A=153.3±0.8 cm-1 for VN＋（X2/k5/2,3/2）. The highly precise energetic and spectroscopic data obtained in the present study are valuable for benchmarking the predictions based on state-of-the-art ab initio quantum calculations.

关键词： Vanadium nitride Vanadium nitride cation Photoionization dynamics Two- color photoionization Pulsed field ionization-photoelectron Ionization energy Bond disso- ciation energy

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Identification of a TSPy co-expression network associated with DNA hypomethylation and tumor gene expression in somatic cancers

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第10期43卷 577-585页

作者： Tatsuo Kido yun-Fai Chris lau Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics Department of Medicine Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Institute for Human Genetics University of California

Testis specific protein y-encoded（TSPy） is a y-located proto-oncogene predominantly expressed in normal male germ cells and various types of germ cell tumor. Significantly, TSPy is frequently expressed in somatic cancers including liver cancer but not in adjacent normal tissues, suggesting that ectopic TSPy expression could be associated with oncogenesis in non-germ cell cancers. Various studies demonstrated that TSPy expression promotes growth and proliferation in cancer cells; however, its relationship to other oncogenic events in TSPy-positive cancers remains unknown. The present study seeks to correlate TSPy expression with other molecular features in clinical cancer samples, by analyses of RNA-seq transcriptome and DNA methylation data in the Cancer Genome Atlas（TCGA） database. A total of 53 genes,including oncogenic lineage protein 28 homolog B（LIN28B） gene and RNA-binding motif protein y-linked（RBMy） gene, are identified to be consistently co-expressed with TSPy, and have been collectively designated as the TSPy co-expression network（TCN）. TCN genes were simultaneously activated in subsets of liver hepatocellular carcinoma（30%） and lung adenocarcinoma（10%） regardless of pathological stage, but only minimally in other cancer types. Further analysis revealed that the DNA methylation level was globally lower in the TCN-active than TCN-silent cancers. The specific expression and methylation patterns of TCN genes suggest that they could be useful as biomarkers for the diagnosis,prognosis and clinical management of cancers, especially those for liver and lung cancers, associated with TSPy co-expression network genes.

关键词： Co-expression network DNA methylation Gene expression signature Cancer subclassification y chromosome genes TSPy Cancer/testis antigens

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Roles of the y chromosome genes in human cancers

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第3期17卷 373-380页

作者： Tatsuo Kido yun-Fai Chris lau Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics Department of Medicine Veterans Affairs Medical Center Institute for Human Genetics University of California San Francisco California 94121 USA

Male and female differ genetically by their respective sex chromosome composition, that is, Xy as male and XX as female. Although both X and y chromosomes evolved from the same ancestor pair of autosomes, the y chromosome harbors male-specific genes, which play pivotal roles in male sex determination, germ cell differentiation, and masculinization of various tissues. Deletions or translocation of the sex-determining gene, SRy, from the y chromosome causes disorders of sex development （previously termed as an intersex condition） with dysgenic gonads. Failure of gonadal development results not only in infertility, but also in increased risks of germ cell tumor （GCT）, such as gonadoblastoma and various types of testicular GCT. Recent studies demonstrate that either loss of y chromosome or ectopic expression of y chromosome genes is closely associated with various male-biased diseases, including selected somatic cancers. These observations suggest that the y-linked genes are involved in male health and diseases in more frequently than expected. Although only a small number of protein-coding genes are present in the male-specific region of y chromosome, the impacts of y chromosome genes on human diseases are still largely unknown, due to lack of in vivo models and differences between the y chromosomes of human and rodents. In this review, we highlight the involvement of selected y chromosome genes in cancer development in men.

关键词： germ cell tumors RBMy, y-linked somatic cancers TSPy y chromosome

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in bacterial proteomics

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Protein & Cell 2012年第5期3卷 346-363页

作者： Shirly O.T.Curreem Rory M.Watt Susanna K.P.lau Patrick C.y.Woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Oral Biosciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Research Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Carol yu Centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)is a gel-based technique widely used for analyzing the pro-tein composition of biological *** is capable of resolving complex mixtures containing more than a thousand protein components into individual protein spots through the coupling of two orthogonal bio-physical separation techniques:isoelectric focusing(first dimension)and polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis(second dimension).2-DE is ideally suited for ana-lyzing the entire expressed protein complement of a bacterial cell:its *** relative simplicity and good reproducibility have led to 2-DE being widely used for exploring proteomics within a wide range of envi-ronmental and medically-relevant *** we give a broad overview of the basic principles and his-torical development of gel-based proteomics,and how this powerful approach can be applied for studying bacterial biology and *** highlight specific 2-DE applications that can be used to analyze when,where and how much proteins are *** links between proteomics,genomics and mass spectrometry are *** explore how proteomics involving tandem mass spectrometry can be used to analyze(post-translational)protein modifications or to identify proteins of unknown origin by de novo peptide *** use of proteome fractionation tech-niques and non-gel-based proteomic approaches are also *** highlight how the analysis of pro-teins secreted by bacterial cells(secretomes or exo-proteomes)can be used to study infection processes or the immune *** review is aimed at non-specialists who wish to gain a concise,compre-hensive and contemporary overview of the nature and applications of bacterial proteomics.

关键词： two-dimensional gel electrophoresis bacte-ria proteomics

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Application of EXSRF and artificaial neural networks to provenance studies of the archaeological pottery sherds during Neolithic Age in Gansu Province,China

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兰州大学学报（自然科学版） 2003年第1期39卷 47-53页

作者： MAQing-lin LEUNGPo-lau yANAi-xia HUZhi-de CollegeofChemistryandChemicalEngineering LanzhouUniversityLanzhou730000China DepartmentofPhysicsandMaterialsScience CityUniversityofHongKongKowlooHongKong

EDXRF spectromerty was applied to provenance studies of Neolitic Age(from 6000 BCto 2000 BC)pottery sherds excavated from Gansu Province in north-west China。Major and trace components analysis of te pottery specimen was carried out,and the artificial neural networks has been used to classift the trace com-ponent of these pottery。The results shown that pottery exchange had been existed during 3000 BC in ancient Gansu Province,China。

关键词：新石器时代陶片分类研究甘肃能量色散x荧光光谱人工神经网络产地分析

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Akt3 promotes cancer stemness in triple-negative breast cancer through yB1-Snail/Slug signaling axis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 301-306页

作者： ye Tian Jiang Li Tsz Chung Cheung Vincent Tam C. Geoffrey lau Xin Wang y.Rebecca Chin Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre Department of Biomedical SciencesCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina Department of Neuroscience City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute ShenzhenGuangdong 518057China Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong SARChina

Dear Editor,Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is an aggressive breast cancer subtype enriched in cancer stem cells(CSCs),which is characterized by high malignancy and drug resistance.1 The PI3K/Akt signaling cascade is frequently hyperactivated in *** and non-redundant functions of the three Akt isoforms in tumorigenesis,however,have not been studied *** is noteworthy that despite a few isoform-specific substrates have been identified for Akt1 and Akt2,an Akt3-specific substrate is yet to be *** have previously shown that overexpression of Akt3,but not Akt1 or Akt2,plays an essential role in TNBC growth and therapeutic resistance of breast cancer.2 However,the role of Akt3 in TNBC CSCs remains unclear.

关键词： Akt1 breast Akt3

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Incidental seminal vesicle amyloidosis observed in diagnostic prostate biopsies--are routine investigations for systemic amyloidosis warranted？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 149-151页

作者： Zichu yang alexander Laird Ashley Monaghan Morag Seywright Imran Ahmad Hing y Leung Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow Scotland G12 8QQ UK Department of Urology Gartnavel General Hospital NHS Great Glasgow and Clyde Glasgow Scotland G12 OYN UK pathology NHSGGC Southern General Hospital Glasgow Scotland G51 4TF UK The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research Glasgow Scotland G61 1BD UK

Seminal vesicle （SV） amyloidosis is a well-documented histological entity, but it is observed infrequently. Its incidence is on the rise, which is probably related to the increasing use of prostate biopsies to investigate patients with elevated serum prostate-specific antigen levels. Here, we report seven cases of incidental SV amyloidosis over a 3-year period and consider their relationship to the previously suggested aetiological factors. Based on our series, we conclude that incidental localized SV amyloidosis observed in diagnostic prostate biopsies does not warrant formal investigations for systemic amyloidosis.

关键词： accessory sex organs male prostate biopsies prostate cancer prostate diseases prostatitis seminal vesicle amyloidosis

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Battle of the sexes: contrasting roles of testis-specific protein y-encoded (TSPy) and TSPX in human oncogenesis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第3期21卷 260-269页

作者： yun-Fai Chris lau yunmin Li Tatsuo Kido Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics Department of Medicine VA Medical Center and Institute for Human Genetics University of California San Francisco CA 94121 USA

The y-located testis-specific protein y-encoded (TSPy) and its X-homologue TSPX originated from the same ancestral gene, but act as a proto-oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene, respectively. TSPy has specialized in male-specific functions, while TSPX has assumed the functions of the ancestral gene. Both TSPy and TSPX harbor a conserved SET/NAP domain, but are divergent at flanking structures. Specifically, TSPX contains a C-terminal acidic domain, absent in TSPy. They possess contrasting properties, in which TSPy and TSPX, respectively, accelerate and arrest cell proliferation, stimulate and inhibit cyclin B-CDK1 phosphorylation activities, have no effect and promote proteosomal degradation of the viral HBx oncoprotein, and exacerbate and repress androgen receptor (AR) and constitutively active AR variant, such as AR-V7, gene transactivation. The inhibitory domain has been mapped to the carboxyl acidic domain in TSPX, truncation of which results in an abbreviated TSPX exerting positive actions as TSPy. Transposition of the acidic domain to the C-terminus of TSPy results in an inhibitory protein as intact TSPX. Hence, genomic mutations/aberrant splicing events could generate TSPX proteins with truncated acidic domain and oncogenic properties as those for TSPy. Further, TSPy is upregulated by AR and AR-V7 in ligand-dependent and ligand-independent manners, respectively, suggesting the existence of a positive feedback loop between a y-located proto-oncogene and male sex hormone/receptors, thereby amplifying the respective male oncogenic actions in human cancers and diseases. TSPX counteracts such positive feedback loop. Hence, TSPy and TSPX are homologues on the sex chromosomes that function at the two extremes of the human oncogenic spectrum.

关键词： androgen receptor AR-V7 cell cycle regulation cyclin B-CDK1 oncogene sex chromosomes sex differences TSPX TSPy tumor suppressor

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Clustering of Pathogen-Response Genes in the Genome of Arabidopsis thaliana

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第10期53卷 824-834页

作者： Olga A.Postnikova Natalia y.Minakova alexander M.Boutanaev Lev G.Nemchinov United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServicePlant Sciences InstituteMolecular Plant Pathology Laboratory Institute of Basic Biological Problems Russian Academy of Sciences

Previously, we used heterologous expressed sequence tag （EST） mapping to generate a profile of 4 935 pathogen-response genes of Arabidopsis thaliana. In this work, we performed a computer analysis of this profile, revealing 1594 non-homologous clustered genes distributed among all A. thafiana chromosomes, whose co-regulation may be related to host responses to pathogens. To supplement computer data, we arbitrarily selected two clusters and analyzed their expression levels in A. thaliana ecotypes Col-0 and C24 during infection with the yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus CMV（y）. Ecotype Col-0 is susceptible to CMV（y）, whereas C24 contains the dominant resistance gene RCy1. Upon infection with CMV（y）, all clustered genes were significantly activated in the resistant ecotype C24. In addition, we demonstrated that posttranslational histone modifications associated with trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 are most likely involved in regulation of several cluster genes described in this study. Overall, our experiments indicated that pathogen-response genes in the genome of A. thaliana may be clustered and co-regulated.

关键词： CMV H3K27me3 heterologous EST mapping clustering of defense-related genes.

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Role of adipose tissue grafting and adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve surgery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2179-2184页

作者： Tiam M.Saffari Sara Saffari Krishna S.Vyas Samir Mardini alexander y.Shin Department of Orthopedic Surgery Division of Microvascular and Hand SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of Plastic SurgeryNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

The application of autologous fat grafting in reconstructive surgery is commonly used to improve functional *** review aims to provide an overview of the scientific evidence on the biology of adipose tissue,the role of adipose-derived stem cells,and the indications of adipose tissue grafting in peripheral nerve *** tissue is easily accessible through the lower abdomen and inner ***-vascularized adipose tissue grafting does not support oxidative and ischemic stress,resulting in variable survival of adipocytes within the first 24 *** of adipose tissue with a stromal vascular fraction is purported to increase the number of adipose-derived stem cells and is postulated to augment the long-term stability of adipose tissue *** science nerve research suggests an increase in nerve regeneration and nerve revascularization,and a decrease in nerve fibrosis after the addition of adipose-derived stem cells or adipose *** clinical studies,the use of autologous lipofilling is mostly applied to secondary carpal tunnel release revisions with promising *** the use of adipose-derived stem cells in peripheral nerve reconstruction is relatively new,more studies are needed to explore safety and long-term effects on peripheral nerve *** Food and Drug Administration stipulates that adipose-derived stem cell transplantation should be minimally manipulated,enzyme-free,and used in the same surgical procedure,*** tissue grafts that contain native adipose-derived stem cells or stromal vascular *** research may be shifted towards the use of tissue-engineered adipose tissue to create a supportive microenvironment for autologous graft ***-ready alternatives could be enhanced with adipose-derived stem cells or growth factors and eliminate the need for adipose tissue harvest.

关键词： adipose tissue adipose-derived stem cells angiogenesis autologous fat grafting nerve injury nerve regeneration paracrine environment peripheral nerve reconstruction stem cell secretome tissue engineering

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