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Preventive Effect of an Extract of Terminalia avicennioides on Acetylcholine-Induced Tracheoconstriction in Wistar strain Rats

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 60-68页

作者： Awa Ba-Diop ndèye Absa Diaw Ibrahima Diouf Mbaye sène Ouafae Kechaba Mamadou sarr Modou Oumy Kane Physiology Laboratory Department of Medicine Alioune Diop University of Bambey Bambey Senegal IRL3189 Environment Health Societies CNRS-UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine UFR Sante Assane SECK University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal

Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory pathologies worldwide. The cost of its treatment, particularly for populations in developing countries like senegal, requires an alternative which consists of developing research into new therapeutic approaches with the use of plants from traditional pharmacopoeia. The objective of this study was to determine whether the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves has a preventive effect on the constriction of tracheal smooth muscle induced by Acetylcholine in Wistar strain rats. Methods: The species used in our experiments were male Wistar rats aged between 12 and 14 weeks. Rings of rat trachea were suspended in isolated organ chambers connected to tension sensors. Two pharmacological agents were used: acetylcholine, for its constrictor effect and adrenaline, for its dilating effect on the pulmonary trachea. Our plant material consisted of a hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves. The experimental protocol was that of the preventive model which consisted of impregnating these rings with the extract at a defined concentration then testing its contractility in the presence of Acetylcholine which was the contractile agonist used in this study. The preventive effect of the extract was studied with an Acetylcholine contraction range on rings pre-incubated with Terminalia avicennioides extract. Results: The results showed that Acetylcholine contracts the trachea and the increase in its contractility was dependent on the dose of Ach added cumulatively (10sup>−5sup> to 4 × 10sup>−5sup> mol/l). The administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of Terminalia avicennioides leaves led to a modification of the contractile response to Acetylcholine. Indeed, this extract induced a significant attenuation of the contractile responses of the treated tracheal rings compared to those untreated. Conclusion: Terminalia avicennioides had a relaxing effect on tracheal smooth muscle and this effect

关键词： Bronchial Hyperreactivity Extract Hydroalcoholic of Terminalia Avicennioides Asthma

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Assessment of some secondary Metabolites, Minerals and Alcohol Content of Noni Juice Obtained by Fermentation of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruit from senegal

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2024年第7期15卷 577-588页

作者： ndèye Adiara ndiaye Mame ndew Mbaye Lahat Niang Modou Dieng Nicolas Cyrille Ayessou ndeye Coumba Kane Touré Laboratory of Microbiology Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal Water Energy Environment and Industrial Processes Laboratory (LE3PI) Graduate School Polytechnique (ESP)-UCAD Dakar Senegal University sine saloum El Hadj Ibrahima Niass (UssEIN) Kaolack Senegal

The fruit of Morinda citrifolia L., commonly known as noni, has an extensive history of use as a food and traditional medicine around the world. Adding value to Morinda citrifolia L. products, particularly the fruit, could be one way of building resilience in vulnerable farming households. The aim of this study was to determine the secondary metabolite and mineral composition of noni juice obtained by fermenting the fruit of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruits were collected in August 2022 from the local field in Thiès region, West of senegal. Extraction yields were determined and the secondary metabolites were determined using conventional analytical methods. Calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium and potassium were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results show that an average fruit mass (503.2 ± 110.96 g) consists of 171.44 ± 50.01 g pulp and 34.06 ± 10.35 g seeds. The traditional extraction yield of noni juice is 16.46% after three weeks of fermentation. The contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins obtained in noni are 608.97 ± 4.53 mg EAG/100mL, 7.78 ± 0.01 mg EQ/100mL and 0.191 ± 0.01 mg EC/100mL respectively. The ethanol content of noni varies from 3.57 to 5.23 mL/100mL during extraction. Noni has a high calcium content with a concentration of 383.79 ± 33.23 mg/L. This is followed by a good concentration of magnesium, potassium and sodium, at 278.47 ± 26.30, 187.43 ± 10.7 and 155.95 ± 28.66 mg/L respectively. Noni also has an iron content of 202.15 ± 0.05 mg/L.

关键词： Morinda citrifolia L. Juice Alcohol Total Phenols Flavonoids Tannins Minerals

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sweetener and Flavor Enhancer Food Additives in Industrial Food Products Marketed in Dakar: Frequency and Diversity

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Open Journal of Applied sciences 2024年第1期14卷 101-117页

作者： Alé Kane Alioune sow ndèye Adiara ndiaye Coumba Gueye sagna Papa Amadou Diakhaté Mady Cissé Amadou Diop Laboratoire des sciences Biologiques Agronomiques Alimentaires et de Modélisation des Systèmes Complexes (LABAAM) Université Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal Département des Technologies Agroalimentaires|UFR des sciences Agronomiques de l’Aquaculture et des Technologies Alimentaires (S2ATA) Saint-Louis Senegal Ecole supérieure Polytechnique (EsP) Dakar Senegal Laboratoire de chimie analytique et bromatologie UCAD Dakar Senegal

sweeteners and flavor enhancers are food additives widely used in industry, respectively, to add sweetness and flavor to foods. However, the presence of these substances is often criticized by consumers for their effects on health. What’s more, some scientific studies link these substances to certain pathologies. To guarantee food safety, competent authorities should have food standards based on risk analysis using consistent, reliable data. However, in developing countries, such data is often weak or non-existent. The aim of this study is therefore to carry out a pilot survey to establish the profile of sweeteners and flavour enhancers present in industrial food products marketed in senegal. The methodology consisted of sampling various food products sold on the senegalese market, based on analysis of labels containing information on ingredients, including additives. The investigation involved nine stores, one supermarket and 5 mini-markets in Dakar. The results showed the presence of 6 taste enhancers in food products, the most frequent being sodium L-monoglutamate (E621), inosinate (E631) and disodium guanylate (E627). solid broths are the foodstuffs with the highest number of taste exhalters. As for sweeteners, 12 substances were identified, the most frequent being acesulfame potassium (E950), aspartame (E951), sucralose (E955) and saccharin (E954). Given the potential health risks associated with the consumption of these food additives, their control and monitoring on the market should be a priority for the competent authorities.

关键词： Exhalter sugar Acesulfame Potassium sodium Monoglutame Artificial Health Risk

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Effect of radiative loss mechanisms on FIR thermometric parameters of nd^(3+)-doped lithium tellurite glasses

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1250-1257,I0002页

作者： C.y.Morassuti A.P.L silva L.A.O.Nunes s.M.Lima L.H.C.Andrade Optical and Photothermal spectroscopy Group(GEOF) Center for Studies in Natural Resources(CERNA)State University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UEMS)C.P.351DouradosMSBrazil Renato Archer Information Technology Center Dom Pedro I Highway(SP-65)Km 1436-Chácaras Campos dos AmaraisCampinasSPBrazil Institute of Physics of são Carlos University of São PauloSão CarlosSPBrazil

nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glasses are promising materials for thermometers based on the fluorescence intensity ratio(FIR)***,at high nd^(3+)concentrations,energy transfer(ET)processes such as optical reabsorption and cross-relaxation can affect the nd^(3+)emission,which has been little explored in the ***,the present work investigated the use of nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass(samples doped with nd^(3+)at 0.2 mol%,0.5 mol%,2.0 mol%,and 4.0 mol%)in fluorescence thermometers,in the temperature range from 299 to 371 *** results indicate a strong dependence of the FIR parameters on the nd^(3+)concentration,due to changes in the emission band profiles caused by optical reabsorption of the nd^(3+)emissions and cross-relaxation processes.A decrease of the relative sensitivity of the ratio^(4)F_(5/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)/^(4)F_(3/2)→^(4)I_(9/2)is observed for samples doped with higher amounts of nd^(3+).The maximum relative sensitivity at 299 K is 3.00%/K,which is the highest value among the reported nd^(3+)ions.

关键词： nd^(3+)-doped tellurite glass Fluorescence intensity ratio Optical thermometry Judd-Ofelt Rare earths

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Bake-Hardening Response of High Martensite Dual-Phase steel with Different Morphologies and Volume Fractions

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2014年第2期27卷 279-289页

作者： Mustafa Trkmen sleyman Gndz Department of Metallurgy Kocaeli University Hereke Vocational School Department of Manufacturing Engineering Technology FacultyKarabk University

Bake-hardening behaviour of carbon steel with different martensite morphologies and volume fraction was investigated. The specimens with fibrous and bulky martensite were prestrained in tension by 4%. After this, they were unloaded and bake hardened at 180 ℃ for 10-160 min. It was found that dual-phase steel samples which were bake hardened at 180 ℃ for 20 rain showed an increase in the yield stress （ys） and ultimate tensile stress （UTs） but a decrease in ductility. Further increase in the bake-hardening time of 80 or 160 min has reduced the ys and UTs, but increased the ductility. △σ （increase in stress due to bake hardening）, ys and UTs values are higher for the microstructure containing fibrous martensite compared to the microstructure-containing bulky martensite. It was also observed that at a given baking temperature Aa, ys and UTs increased by volume of martensite.

关键词： Dual-phase steel Bake hardening Martensitic transformation

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Factors associated with mortality in congenital malformations of the gastrointestinal tract in a tertiary center in senegal

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World Journal of Pediatric surgery 2023年第1期6卷 24-29页

作者： Tshibwid A Zeng Papa Alassane Mbaye Doudou Gueye ndèye Fatou seck Ibrahima Bocar Wellé Rosalie Niang youssouph Diedhiou Mbaye Fall ndèye Aby ndoye Aloïse sagna Oumar ndour Gabriel Ngom Department of Pediatric surgery Albert Royer National Children’s Hospital CenterUniversitéCheikh Anta Diop Facultéde Medecine Pharmacie d'Odonto-StomatologieDakarSenegal Department of Pediatric surgery Aristide Le Dantec University Teaching HospitalUniversitéCheikh Anta Diop Facultéde Medecine Pharmacie d'Odonto-StomatologieDakarSenegal

Objective Patients with congenital malformations(CMs)of the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)have a very high ***,the literature on the factors associated with mortality in these patients is scarce in sub-saharan *** aim of this study is to identify independent risk factors for mortality in patients with CMs of the GIT at our pediatric surgical *** We conducted a retrospective analysis of cases with CMs of the GIT managed at a tertiary center from 2018 to *** were subdivided into two groups based on the outcomes,and variables with a significant difference were analyzed by logistic *** Our review included 226 patients,63 of whom died(27.88%).Patient age ranged from 0 to 15 *** into account statistical significance,mortality was more frequent in neonates than in older patients(57.30%vs 6.15%),in patients coming out of the Dakar area than in those from the Dakar area(43.75%vs 19.18%),in patients with abnormal prenatal ultrasound than in those with normal ultrasound(100%vs 26.67%),in premature children than in those born at term(78.57%vs 21.87%),in patients with an additional malformation than in those with an isolated malformation(69.23%vs 25.35%),and in those with intestinal,esophageal,duodenal and colonic atresia than in those with other diagnoses(100%,89%,56.25%and 50%,respectively).Referred patients died more than those who changed hospitals or came from home(55.29%vs 25%and 9.09%,respectively).On multivariable logistic regression,two independent factors of mortality were identified:presence of associated malformation[odds ratio(OR)=13.299;95%Confidence interval(CI)1.370 to 129.137]and diagnosis of esophageal atresia(OR=46.529;95%CI 5.828 to 371.425).Conclusion The presence of an associated malformation or diagnosis of esophageal atresia increases mortality in patients with CMs of the GIT in our environment.

关键词： mortality diagnosis congenital

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sex-dependent increase of movement activity in the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus following adaptation to a predator-free cave habitat

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Current Zoology 2023年第4期69卷 418-425页

作者： ELTE Eötvös Loránd University Hajriz Berisha Gergely Horváth Žiga Fišer Gergely Balázs Cene Fišer Gábor Herczeg Author Notes Behavioural Ecology Group Department of Systematic Zoology and EcologyBiological InstituteELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityPázmány Péter sétány 1/CBudapestHungary H-1117 ELKH-ELTE-MTM Integrative Ecology Research Group Pázmány Péter sétány 1/CBudapestHungary H-1117 Department of Biology Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaJamnikarjeva 1011000 LjubljanaSlovenia

Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral ***,when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be ***,we compared movement activity of one cave(lack of predation)and three adjacent surface(high and diverse predation)populations of Asellus aquaticus,a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across *** predicted 1)higher activity in cave than in surface populations,with 2)the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior,while females are *** was assessed both in the presence and absence of *** results supported both predictions:movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations,particularly in *** predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity,but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.

关键词： adaptation cave colonization movement activity predator-free environment

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Petro Gram: An excel-based petrology program for modeling of magmatic processes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 81-92页

作者： Mesut Gündüz Kürsad Asan Graduate school of Natural sciences Mugla SıtkıKoçman UniversityTR-48000MuglaTurkey Geological Engineering Department Konya Technical UniversityTR-42250KonyaTurkey

Petro Gram is an Excel?based magmatic petrology program that generates numerical and graphical *** Gram can model the magmatic processes such as melting,crystallization,assimilation and magma mixing based on the trace element and isotopic *** program can produce both inverse and forward geochemical models for melting processes(*** model for batch,fractional and dynamic melting,and inverse model for batch and dynamic melting).However,the program uses a forward modeling approach for magma differentiation processes such as crystallization(EC:Equilibruim Crystallization,FC:Fractional Crystallization,IFC:Imperfect Fractional Crystallization and In-situ Crystallization),assimilation(AFC:Assimilation Fractional Crystallization,Decoupled FC-A:Decoupled Fractional Crystallization and Assimillation,A-IFC:Assimilation and Imperfect Fractional Crystallization)and magma *** of the most important advantages of the program is that the melt composition obtained from any partial melting model can be used as a starting composition of the crystallization,assimilation and magma *** addition,Petro Gram is able to carry out the classification,tectonic setting,multi-element(spider)and isotope correlation diagrams,and basic calculations including Mg^#,Eu/Eu^*,εsrandεndwidely used in magmatic petrology.

关键词： PetroGram Magmatic petrology Geochemical modeling Partial melting Crystallization Assimilation Magma mixing

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The synthesis of N-Morphine Hapten and Production of Monoclonal Antibody

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第10期12卷 889-890页

作者： Wang, nd Chen, LM Jin, s Zhang, X Chen, JH Beijing Univ China Coll Chem & Mol Engn Minist Educ Key Lab Bioorgan Chem & Mol Engn Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Those antibodies elicited by different tether site for attachment to carrier protein have different specificity. Herein we reported that a monoclonal antibody against morphine with high specificity and affinity was su... 详细信息

关键词： morphine antigen monoclonal antibody

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Managing type 2 diabetes:targeting a microbial enzyme as a novel treatment option

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 3-5页

作者： Anikó Keller-Pintér Tamás Korcsmáros Tibor Vellai Department of Biochemistry Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzeged6720Hungary Department of Metabolism Digestion and ReproductionImperial College LondonLondonW120NNUK Quadram Institute Bioscience Norwich Research ParkNorwichNR47UQUK Department of Genetics Eötvös Loránd University(ELTE)Budapest1117Hungary Hungarian Research Network HUN-REN-ELTE Genetics Research Group Budapest1117Hungary

In a recent science article,Wang and colleagues showed that the dipeptidyl peptidase 4(DPP4)enzyme produced by the gut microbiota can interfere with the effect of host glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)involved in stimulating insulin secretion,and the specific inhibitor of microbial DPP4(mDPP4),combined with clinical inhibitors of host DPP4 isoenzymes,further promotes blood glucose homeostasis.1 These results point out why certain patients respond inadequately to an antidiabetic medication.

关键词： homeostasis stimulating clinical

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