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Bowel function and inflammation: Is motility the other side of the coin?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1963-1967页

作者： alba Panarese Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department of Medical SciencesCentral Hospital-Azienda OspedalieraTaranto 74123Italy

Digestion and intestinal absorption allow the body to sustain itself and are the emblematic functions of the *** the flip side,functions also arise from its role as an interface with the ***,the gut houses microorganisms,collectively known as the gut microbiota,which interact with the host,and is the site of complex immune *** role in human pathology is complex and scientific evidence is progressively elucidating the functions of the gut,especially regarding the pathogenesis of chronic intestinal diseases and inflammatory conditions affecting various organs and *** editorial aims to highlight and relate the factors involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic inflammation.

关键词： Motility Inflammation Pathogenesis Vitamin D Microbiota Gut Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction

Oxidative stress in brickmakers of Juárez City, Chihuahua, México: Case-control study

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第7期3卷 1051-1059页

作者： Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván alba yadira corral-avitia Katya Aimeé Carrasco-Urrutia Navor Armando González-Granados Marcela Galar-Martínez Nadia Neri-Cruz Hariz Islas-Flores Octavio Dublan-García Facultad de Enfermería y Nutriología Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua Chihuahua México Laboratorio de Ciencias Ambientales Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez Juárez México Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática Departamento de Farmacia Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional México City México Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca México

A case-control study was conducted in a brickmaker’s community in Juarez City, Chihuahua in Mexico. This population has been chronically exposed to a wide spectrum of potentially health-damaging pollutants that include coarse, fine and ultrafine particles, carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen and sulphur, transitional metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds and bioaerosols. Lipid peroxidation level (LPX) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) help to evaluate oxidized protein content and activity of the antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were evaluated in blood samples of study participants. The group of occupationally exposed (OE) workers consisted of 30 individuals ranging in age from 25 to 55 years, with a mean of 15 years in a brick production-related job. The control group included 30 volunteers who were neither environmentally nor occupationally exposed to brick production activities and whose sociodemo-graphic characteristics were similar to the OE group. Results indicate that none of workers used any type of protective equipment (respirator or face mask, gloves, coveralls) during brick manufacturing. LPX and PCC significantly increased (p < 0.5) in the OE group compared to the control group. SOD, CAT and GPx activity was significantly increased (p < 0.5) in the OE group compared to the control group. Therefore, evaluation of stress oxidative biomarkers is advisable in order to assay chronic exposure to workers in brick manufacturing.

关键词： Oxidative Stress Brickmakers Chronic Exposure Biomarkers Juárez City

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in the management of urinary stones: New concepts and techniques to improve outcomes

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 143-148页

作者： Pilar Bahilo-Mateu Alberto Budia-alba Lithotripsy and Endourology Unit La Fe University and Polytechnic HospitalValenciaSpain Lithotripsy and Endourology Unit Urology DepartmentLa Fe University and Polytechnic HospitalValenciaSpain

Objective: Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) currently plays an important role in the treatment of urinary tract lithiasis. The purpose of this article was to describe new concepts and procedural strategies that would improve results using SWL as a treatment for urolithiasis, thereby achieving better clinical ***: A systematic review process was carried in PubMed/PMC from January 2003 to March 2023. A narrative synthesis of the most important aspects has been ***: The important recommendations for the adequate selection of the candidate patient for treatment with SWL are summarized, as well as the new strategies for a better application of the technique. Aspects about intraoperative position, stone localization and monitoring, analgesic control, machine and energy settings, and measures aiming at reduced risk of complications are ***: To achieve the therapeutic goal of efficient stone disintegration without increasing the risk of complications, it is necessary to make an adequate selection of patients and to pay special attention to several important factors in the application of treatment. Technological development in later generation devices will help to improve current SWL results.

关键词： Lithotripsy Extracorporeal shockwave Stone disease Treatment Urinary stone

Urbanization does not increase“object curiosity”in vervet monkeys,but semi-urban individuals selectively explore food-related anthropogenic items

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 383-393页

作者： Lindsey Ellington Stephanie Mercier alba Motes-Rodrigo Erica van de Waal Sofa Forss Behavioural&Physiological Ecology University of GroningenP.O.Box 111039700 CCGroningenThe Netherlands Department of Ecology and Evolution University of LausanneBiophore-CH-1015LausanneSwitzerland Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057ZurichSwitzerland School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalPrivate Bag X01Scottsville3209South Africa

Urban environments expose animals to abundant anthropogenic materials and foods that facilitate foraging innovations in species with oppor-tunistic diets and high behavioral *** and exploration tendency are believed to be important behavioral traits for animals thriving in urban *** monkeys(Chlorocebus pygerythrus)are one of few primate species that have successfully adapted to urban environments,thus making them an ideal species to study these *** a within-species cross-habitat approach,we compared neophilia and exploration of novel objects(jointly referred to as"object curiosity")between semi-urban,wild,and captive monkeys to shed light on the cognitive traits facilitating urban *** measure"object curiosity:"we exposed monkeys to various types of novel stimuli and compared their approaches and explorative *** results revealed differences in the number of approaches and explorative behavior toward novel stimuli between the habitat types *** vervet monkeys were significantly more explorative than both semi-urban and wild troops,sug-gesting that positive experiences with humans and lack of predation,rather than exposure to human materials per se,influence object *** habitats,juvenile males were the most explorative age-sex *** is likely due to males being the dispersing sex and juveniles being more motivated to learn about their ***,we found that items potentially associated with human food,elicited stronger explorative responses in semi-urban monkeys than non-food related objects,suggesting that their motivation to explore might be driven by"anthrophilia'that is,their experience of rewarding foraging on similar anthropogenic food *** conclude that varying levels of exposure to humans,predation and pre-exposure to human food packaging explain variation in"object curiosity"in our sample of vervet monkeys.

关键词： animalurbanization neophilia noveltyresponse object curiosity vervetmonkeys.

Dielectric and physico-chemical behavior of single thermally thick wood blocks under microwave assisted pyrolysis

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 291-303页

作者： Nicole Vorhauer-Huget Jakob Seidenbecher Supriya Bhaskaran Francesca Schenkel Lucas Briest Suresh Gopalkrishna Jan Barowski Andrea Dernbecher Liane Hilfert Ilona Rolfes alba Dieguez-Alonso Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg Universitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany Ruhr University Bochum Institute of Microwave SystemsUniversitatsstraβe 15044801BochumGermany

Pyrolysis of thermally thick beech wood blocks with a size of around 2.5×8×6 cm^(3)(width×length×height)was carried out in a lab scale microwave reactor with a frequency of 2.45 GHz,operated,both,at 300 W and 600 W under inert conditions,using N_(2) at around 400 mbar absolute *** microwave cavity had a size of 20×20×20 cm^(3).The specific energy supply referred to the untreated wood block was 4-8 W/g,with slight variations depending on the initial water *** mass loss and the reflected microwave power were in-situ monitored during the *** sample surface and chamber temperatures were measured with a pyrometer and a thermocouple,***-chemical and dielectric properties of the produced solids were investigated and compared to those of chars produced under conventional pyrolysis using the same raw *** is shown that the complex dielectric permittivity of the solid products changed drastically during the pyrolysis process,with increasing heating properties as the conversion process *** was easily achieved using 60o W without ***,300 W was not enough to achieve a high conversion degree,independently of the irradiation ***,together with the physico-chemical analyses of the solids,hinted to the importance of the transport kinetics in thermally thick materials,although further investigationis still required.

关键词： Microwave assistedpyrolysis Conventional pyrolysis Dielectric measurements Penetration depth Elemental analysis

Typhoon-and pollution-driven enhancement of reactive bromine in the mid-latitude marine boundary layer

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 93-101页

作者： Shanshan Wang Qinyi Li Ruifeng Zhang Anoop Sharad Mahajan Swaleha Inamdar Nuria Benavent Sanbao Zhang Ruibin Xue Jian Zhu Chenji Jin Yan Zhang Xiao Fu alba Badia Rafael P.Fernandez Carlos A.Cuevas Tao Wang Bin Zhou Alfonso Saiz-Lopez Institute for Interdisciplinary Science (ICB) National Research Council (CONICET) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry Blas CabreraCSIC Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Environment Research Institute Shandong University Centre for Climate Change Research Indian Institute of Tropical MeteorologyMinistry of Earth Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Colorado Boulder Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua University Sostenipra Research Group Institute of Environmental Science and Technology(ICTA)Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona(UAB)

Tropospheric reactive bromine is important for atmospheric chemistry,regional air pollution,and global *** studies have reported measurements of atmospheric reactive bromine species in different environments,and proposed their main sources,***-salt aerosol（SSA）,oceanic biogenic activity,polar snow/ice,and *** and other strong cyclonic activities（***） induce abrupt changes in different earth system processes,causing widespread destructive ***,the role of typhoons in regulating reactive bromine abundance and sources remains ***,we report field observations of bromine oxide（BrO）,a critical indicator of reactive bromine,on the Huaniao Island（HNI）in the East China Sea in July *** observed high levels of BrO below 500 m with a daytime average of9.7±4.2 pptv and a peak value of ～26 pptv under the influence of a *** field measurements,supported by model simulations,suggest that the typhoon-induced drastic increase in wind speed amplifies the emission of SSA,significantly enhancing the activation of reactive bromine from SSA *** also detected enhanced BrO mixing ratios under high NOxconditions（ppbv level） suggesting a potential pollution-induced mechanism of bromine release from *** elevated levels of atmospheric bromine noticeably increase ozone destruction by as much as ～40% across the East China *** the high frequency of cyclonic activity in the northern hemisphere,reactive bromine chemistry is expected to play a more important role than previously thought in affecting coastal air quality and atmospheric oxidation *** suggest that models need to consider the hitherto overlooked typhoon-and pollution-mediated increase in reactive bromine levels when assessing the synergic effects of cyclonic activities on the earth system.

关键词： reactive bromine atmospheric chemistry marine boundary layer atmospheric oxidation capacity marine emission

Enhancing sensitivity of triple-negative breast cancer to DNA-damaging therapy through chemical inhibition of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3

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Cancer Communications 2024年第2期44卷 282-286页

作者： Bianca Cesaro Alessia Iaiza Fabio Piscopo Marco Tarullo Eleonora Cesari Dante Rotili Antonello Mai Alberto Diana Michela Londero Luca Del Giacco Riccardo Masetti alba Di Leone Chiara Naro Silvia Masciarelli Giulia Fontemaggi Claudio Sette Francesco Fazi Alessandro Fatica Department of Anatomical HistologicalForensic&Orthopedic SciencesSection of Histology&Medical EmbryologySapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Biology and Biotechnologies“Charles Darwin” Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly GSTeP Organoids Research Core Facility Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico(IRCCS)RomeItaly Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Pasteur Institute Cenci-Bolognetti FoundationSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of BioSciences University of MilanMilanItaly Multidisciplinary Breast Center Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna e del Bambino e di SanitàPubblicaCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Department of Neuroscience Section of Human AnatomyCatholic University of the Sacred HeartRomeItaly Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRomeItaly

Dear Editor,N 6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)is a critical mRNA modi-fication catalyzed by the enzyme methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),with implications in RNA ***3 upregulation is associated with cancer progres-sion,metast... 详细信息

关键词： cancer methyltransferase metastasis

Multi-tissue transcriptomics of a unique monozygotic discordant twin case of severe progressive osseous heteroplasia

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 22-25页

作者： Alberto Gomez-Carballa Maria Jose Curras-Tuala Sara Pischedda Miriam Cebey-Lopez Jose Gomez-Rial Irene Rivero-Cale Jacobo Pardo-seco Xabier Bello Sandra Viz-Lasheras Antonio Justicia-Grande Julian Montoto-Louzao alba Camino-Mera Isabel Ferreiros-Vidal Maximo Fraga Jose RAntunez Rodolfo Gomez Federico Martinon-Torres Antonio Salas Genetics Vaccines and Infections Research Group(GENVIP)Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoSantiagode CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases Department of PediatricsHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Laboratorio de Inmunologia Servicio de Andlisis ClinicosHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidade de Xenetica Instituto de Ciencias Forenses(INCIFOR)Facultade de MedicinaUniversidade de Santiago de Compostelaand GenPoB Research GroupInstituto de Investigacion SanitariaHospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de CompostelaServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Musculoskeletal Pathology Group Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de SantiagoServicio Galego de Saude(SERGAS)Santiago de CompostelaGalicia 15706Spain Department of Pathology Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela(SERGAS)Galicia 15706Spain Unidad Integrada de BiobancosBiomodelos 3D y Modelos Animales IDIS(lnstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiagode Compostela)Galicia15706Spain Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias(CIBER-ES) MadridSpain

Progressive osseous heteroplasia(POH)is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant disabling disorder characterized by heterotopic ossification(HO).It is caused by heterozygous inactivating mutations in the GNAS(guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide)***,the molecular mechanisms underlying HO remain poorly *** a treatment for POH is not yet available,the identification of the mechanisms driving POH in affected tissues using gene expression may be of great help to underestand the molecular basis of POH and develop new therapeutic approaches.

关键词： stimulating driving asi

Long-term monitoring reveals the effect of precipitation and silviculture on Nothofagus regeneration in Northern Patagonia mixed forests

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Ecological Processes 2024年第2期 103-117页

作者： Georgina Sola Camila Mateo Alejandro Dezzotti Paula Marchelli Hernán Attis Beltrán Renato Sbrancia Luis Chauchard Marcelo González Pe?alba Martín Lara Verónica El Mujtar Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Asentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes (AUSMA-UNCo) Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales y Agropecuarias Bariloche (IFAB) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Departamento de Conservación y Manejo Parque Nacional Lanín- Administración de Parques Nacionales (PNL-APN)

Background Tree regeneration is a key component of resilience because it promotes post-disturbance recovery of forests. Northwestern Patagonia from Argentina is occupied by Nothofagus alpina（Na）, N. obliqua（No）, and N. dombeyi（Nd） forests that grow along an intense precipitation gradient, managed throughout shelterwood silvicultural system by technicians of the Lanin Natural Reserve. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of seeding cuttings over the dynamics of Nothofagus mixed forests across landscape（precipitation gradient） based mainly on the composition and abundance of tree regeneration, permanent sampling plots and generalized linear mixed models. In particular, we analysed:（i） the structure of sexual and asexual regeneration during 20 years after harvest（the dynamics of managed forests）, and（ii） the structure of sexual regeneration in primary and managed forests after > 20 years of harvest（the effect of silviculture）.Results Nd was the most abundant species in the regeneration of managed forests during all periods in both sites despite its lower contribution to the adult cohort. During the 10–20 years period after harvest, the humid site exhibited higher regeneration density than the mesic site(120,000 and 6000 ind ha-1, respectively), and it decreased afterwards. The number of established regeneration（> 2 m height） was lower for Na in the mesic site and for No in the humid site(0 and 57 ind ha-1, respectively). However, in comparison to No, Na showed a higher number of sprouted stumps and sprouts per stump, and a higher sprout height in the mesic site. No exhibited higher sprout mortality in the humid site. Finally, the regeneration of primary forests showed lower density and height, and a more balanced composition than that of managed *** The silvicultural effects on the mixed forest regeneration dynamics was strongly influenced by the condition of sites. Therefore, management prescriptions should be adj

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