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altitude as environmental filtering influencing phylogenetic diversity and species richness of plants in tropical mountains

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journal of Mountain Science 2023年第2期20卷 285-298页

作者： GalVÁn-CISnEROS Carlos M. VILLA Pedro M. COELHO alex J.P. CAMPOS Prímula V. MEIRA-nETO joão A.A. Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants Departamento de Biologia VegetalUniversidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil Botany Gradute Program Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosaMG36570-900Brazil

Elucidating how multiple factors affect biodiversity and plant community assembly is a central issue in ecology,especially in vulnerable ecosystems such as tropical *** studies are more relevant in global warming scenarios that induce the upward displacement of plant species towards reduced habitats and hostile environments in tropical *** study aimed to analyze how altitude affects taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity in plant communities of tropical ***,we tested if(i)increased altitude works as an environmental filtering promoting decreased species richness,decreased phylogenetic diversity,and increased phylogenetic clustering in these tropical mountains;and if(ii)plant communities of high altitude in tropical mountains are also result of recent diversification with plant species recently split shortening phylogenetic distances between closest related *** tested effects of altitude on species richness and phylogenetic metrics using linear mixed-effects *** Haleakala presented 114 species,Mount Kilimanjaro presented 231 species and Mount Purace presented 280 *** found an environmental filtering effect with increasing altitude causing phylogenetic clustering,decreased phylogenetic diversity and decreased species *** decreasing phylogenetic distances between closest relatives are congruent with neo-endemics,suggesting recent plant diversification in high altitudes of tropical mountains,possibly driven by geographic isolation and environmental *** of global warming should be monitored in tropical mountains focusing on distribution shifts.

关键词： Tropical mountains Global warming Environmental filtering Phylogenetic ecology Assembly rules conservation Mountaintop vegetation

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Folic acid supplementation inhibits recurrence of colorectal adenomas:A randomized chemoprevention trial

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第28期14卷 4492-4498页

作者： Richard Jaszewski Sabeena Misra Martin Tobi nadeem Ullah jo Ann naumoff Omer Kucuk Edi Levi Bradley n Axelrod Bhaumik B Patel Adhip Pn Majumdar john D Dingell Veterans Affairs Medical Center Karmanos Cancer InstituteDepartment of Internal MedicineWayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMI 48201United States

AIM: To determine whether folic acid supplementation will reduce the recurrence of colorectal adenomas, the precursors of colorectal cancer, we performed a double-blind placebo-controlled trial in patients with adenomatous polyps. METHODS: In the current double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at this VA Medical Center, patients with colorectal adenomas were randomly assigned to receive either a daily 5 mg dose of folic acid or a matched identical placebo for 3 years. all polyps were removed at baseline colonoscopy and each patient had a follow up colonoscopy at 3 years. The primary endpoint was a reduction in the number of recurrent adenomas at 3 years. RESULTS: Of 137 subjects, who were eligible after confirmation of polyp histology and run-in period to conform compliance, 94 completed the study; 49 in folic acid group and 45 in placebo group. Recurrence of adenomas at 3-year was compared between the two groups. The mean number of recurrent polyps at 3-year was 0.36 (SD, 0.69) for folic acid treated patients compared to 0.82 (SD, 1.17) for placebo treated subjects, resulting in a 3-fold increase in polyp recurrence in the placebo group. Patients below 70 years of age and those with left-sided colonicadenomas or advanced adenomas responded better to folic acid supplementation. conCLUSIOn: High dose folic acid supplementation is associated with a signif icant reduction in the recurrence of colonic adenomas suggesting that folic acid may be an effective chemopreventive agent for colorectal neoplasia.

关键词： Folic acid Adenoma, Colorectal cancer

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Promoter replacement of AnT1 induces anthocyanin accumulation and triggers the shade avoidance response through developmental, physiological and metabolic reprogramming in tomato

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Horticulture Research 2023年第2期10卷 28-40页

作者： joão Victor Abreu Cerqueira Feng Zhu Karoline Mendes Adriano nunes-nesi Samuel Cordeiro Vitor Martins Vagner Benedito alisdair RFernie Agustin Zsögön Departamento de Biologia Vegetal Universidade Federal de ViçosaViçosa 36570-900 MGBrazil national R&D Center for Citrus Preservation Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant BiologyMinistry of EducationHuazhong Agricultural University430070 WuhanChina Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology 14476 PotsdamGermany Division of Plant&Soil Sciences West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26506USA

The accumulation of anthocyanins is a well-known response to abiotic stresses in many plant ***,the effects of anthocyanin accumulation on light absorbance and photosynthesis are ***,we addressed this question using a promoter replacement line of tomato constitutively expressing a MYB transcription factor(AnTHOCYAnIn1,AnT1)that leads to anthocyanin ***1-overexpressing plants displayed traits associated with shade avoidance response:thinner leaves,lower seed germination rate,suppressed side branching,increased chlorophyll concentration,and lower photosynthesis rates than the wild ***-rich leaves exhibited higher absorbance of light in the blue and red ends of the spectrum,while higher anthocyanin content in leaves provided photoprotection to high *** of gene expression and primary metabolites content showed that anthocyanin accumulation produces a reconfiguration of transcriptional and metabolic networks that is consistent with,but not identical to those described for the shade avoidance *** results provide novel insights about howanthocyanins accumulation affects the trade-off between photoprotection and growth.

关键词： metabolic expressing programming

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2D/2D BiOIO_(3)/g-C_(3)n_(4) S-scheme hybrid heterojunction with face-to-face interfacial contact for effective photocatalytic H_(2) production and norfloxacin degradation

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第17期148卷 19-30页

作者： Dong-Eun Lee Satyanarayana Moru KasalaPrabhakar Reddy Wan-Kuen jo Surendar Tonda School of Architecture CivilEnvironmental and Energy EngineeringKyungpook National University80 Daehak-roBuk-guDaegu 41566Republic of Korea School of Advanced Sciences Vellore Institute of Technology-Andhra Pradesh(VIT-AP University)AmaravatiAndhra Pradesh 522237India Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South Carolina631 Sumter StreetColumbiaSC 29208United States

A two-dimensional(2D)/2D hybrid heterojunction with face-to-face interfacial assembly is a desirable dimensionality design with significant potential for various photocatalytic applications due to the large interfacial contact area,which facilitates charge migration and ***,we developed an ef-ficient 2D/2D hybrid heterojunction consisting of BiOIO 3 nanoplates(BIO)and g-C_(3)n_(4) nanosheets(Cn)using a simple but effective in situ growth method for photocatalytic aqueous antibiotic degradation and H_(2) *** face-to-face interfacial assembly of the BIO and Cn components in the BIO/Cn hy-brid heterojunction was verified using electron ***,the BIO/Cn hybrid heterojunc-tion outperformed both the BIO and Cn counterparts in terms of norfloxacin degradation and H_(2) gen-eration under simulated solar light ***,the photocatalytic performance of the hybrid catalyst remained nearly unchanged throughout five consecutive test *** exceptional performance and stability of the hybrid catalyst are attributable to its extended optical absorption range,large interfa-cial contact area provided by the face-to-face assembly in the 2D/2D hybrid configuration,and enhanced photoexcited charge separation efficiency and redox power of the separated charges,which are supported by an efficient S-scheme charge transfer *** study illuminates the rational construction of novel 2D/2D S-scheme hybrid heterojunction photocatalysts with practical applications in environmental remediation and sustainable energy generation.

关键词： g-C_(3)n_(4) BiOIO_(3) Face-to-face interface 2D/2D heterojunction S-scheme charge transfer Solar energy conversion

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Organic electrode materials for fast-rate,high-power battery applications

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Materials Reports(Energy) 2021年第1期1卷 4-25页

作者： Cara n.Gannett Luis Melecio-Zambrano Monica jo Theibault Brian M.Peterson Brett P.Fors Hector D.Abruna Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA

The development of new battery materials with fast charging/discharging capabilities is necessary to meet the growing demands of modern *** counter ion transport in inorganic materials(generally by de/intercalation)currently limits charge/discharge rates in lithium-ion batteries,the weak intermolecular forces in organic materials result in flexible,spacious structures that offer improved ion transport ***,we present the principles which enable fast rate capabilities in organic electrode materials,accompanied by specific literature examples illustrating exceptional rate *** discuss approaches to material design which support electron and/or ion transport and the limitations associated with each *** review aims to highlight the unique characteristics of organic materials as high-power density electrodes and inspire continued work in the field.

关键词： Energy storage Batteries Organic materials High-power Electrochemistry

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naphthalene emissions from moth repellents or toilet deodorant blocks determined using head-space and small-chamber tests

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第8期20卷 1012-1017页

作者： jo Wan-Kuen LEE jong-Hyo LIM Ho-Jin JEOnG Woo-Sik Department of Environmental Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea. School of Food and Life Science Inje University KimhaeKyungsangnarado 621-749Korea

The present study investigated the emissions of naphthalene and other compounds from several different moth repellents(MRs) and one toilet deodorant block(TDB)currently sold in Korea,using a headspace *** emission factors and emission rates of naphthalene were studied using a small-scale environmental ***-type products emitted a higher concentration of the total volatile organic compounds(VOCs)(normalized to the weight of test piece)than ball-type products,which in turn emitted higher con...

关键词： volatile organic compounds(VOCs) chemical composition ball-type gel-type paper-type

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Soil Microbial Biomass After Three-Year consecutive Composted Tannery Sludge Amendment

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Pedosphere 2014年第4期24卷 469-475页

作者： M.D.M.SILVA M.BARAJAS-ACEVES A.S.F.ARAújo F.F.ARAújo W.J.MELO Soil Quality Lab. Agricultural Science CenterFederal University of PiauiTeresinaPI 64049-550(Brazil) CInVESTAV-IPn Departamento de BiotecnologiaBioingenieriaMexico D.F.PO Box 14-740(Mexico) West Sao Paulo University UNOESTEPresidente PrudenteSP 19067-175(Brazil) Department of Technology Sao Paulo State UniversityJaboticabalSP 14801-902(Brazil)

Brazilian industry produces huge amounts of tannery sludge as residues,which is often disposed by landfilling or land ***,consecutive amendment of such composted industrial wastes may cause shifts in soil microbial biomass(SMB) and enzyme *** study aimed to evaluate SMB and enzyme activity after 3-year consecutive composted tannery sludge(CTS) amendment in tropical sandy *** amounts of CTS(0.0,2.5,5.0,10.0,and 20.0 t ha^(-1)) were applied to a sandy *** C and n contents of SMB,basal and substrate-induced respiration,respiratory quotient(qCO_2),and enzyme activities were determined in the soil samples collected after CTS amendment for 60 d at the third *** 3 years,significant changes were found in soil microbial properties in response to different CTS amounts *** organic matter and Cr contents significantly increased with increasing CTS *** and soil respiration peaked following amendment with 10.0 and 20.0 t ha-1 of CTS,respectively,while qCO_2was not significantly affected by CTS ***,soil enzyme activity decreased significantly with increasing CTS *** CTS amendment for 3 years showed inconsistent and contrasting effects on SMB and enzyme *** decrease in soil enzyme activities was proportional to a substantial increase in soil Cr concentration,with the latter exceeding the permitted concentrations by more than ***,our results suggest that a maximum CTS quantity of 5.0 t ha^(-1) can be applied annually to tropical sandy soil,without causing potential risks to SMB and enzyme activity.

关键词： Cr concentration enzyme activity industrial wastes soil microbial properties tropical soil

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Clinical efficacy of 0.05%cyclosporine nano-emulsion in the treatment of dry eye syndrome associated with meibomian gland dysfunction

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第12期15卷 1924-1931页

作者： Yeon Ji jo Ji Eun Lee jong Soo Lee Efficacy of nano-cyclosporine to DES with MGD 1 Department of Ophthalmology Pusan National University School of Medicine&Medical Research InstitutePusan National University HospitalPusan 49241Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Pusan National University School of Medicine&Medical Research CenterYangsan Pusan National University HospitalYangsan 626-770Republic of Korea

AIM:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of topical 0.05%cyclosporine nano-emulsion in the treatment of dry eye syndrome(DES)with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).METHODS:This prospective study included 64 patients with DES and MGD who were randomly assigned to three groups:Group 1(n=24,conventional cyclosporine),Group 2(n=21,nano-emulsion cyclosporine),and Group 3(n=19,control).Lid margin telangiectasia(LMT),meibomian gland secretion(MGS),conjunctival injection(CI),corneal staining(CS),tear break-up time(TBUT),Schirmer test I(STI),Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI),and lipid layer thickness(LLT)was evaluated at 4,8,and 12wk of ***:In Group 3(control),LMT,CS,and CI improved after 8wk,MGS,TBUT after 12wk of *** Group 1(conventional cyclosporine),LMT,MGS,and TBUT improved significantly after 4wk,whereas CS,CI,STI,and LLT improved significantly after 8wk,and OSDI at *** Group 2(nano-cyclosporine),LMT,MGS,CS,CI,TBUT,and OSDI significantly improved after 4wk,and STI after ***,LLT was significantly higher than other groups after ***:Cyclosporine and nano-cyclosporine shows significant improvement in DES with MGD than the control *** contrast,the nano-cyclosporine group shows more statistically improved CI and CS at 4wk,especially LLT at 4,8,and 12wk compared to the conventional cyclosporine group.

关键词： anti-inflammatory treatment cyclosporine dry eye disease meibomian gland dysfunction

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Genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from grain culture soils

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Pedosphere 2022年第3期32卷 495-502页

作者： joão Pedro Rueda FURLAn Inara Fernanda Lage GalLO Eliana Guedes STEHLInG Departamento de Análises Clínicas Toxicológicas e BromatológicasFaculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSão Paulo 14040-903(Brazil)

Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Escherichia coli,mainly extraintestinal pathogenic ***(ExPEC),has been widely reported in infections *** agricultural soils,manure is a hotspot for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs)and pathogenic bacteria;however,MDR bacteria have also been reported in soils with no history of manure *** addition,cross-resistance and co-resistance have been described as responsible for the metal-driven selection of bacteria resistant to ***,the aim of this study was to analyze three MDR *** isolates obtained from Brazilian grain culture soil samples with no history of manure use by whole-genome *** MDR *** isolates were recovered from soils from corn and coffee fields,and presented resistance toβ-lactams,quinolones,aminoglycosides,tetracyclines,sulphonamides,and dihydrofolate reductase *** analysis showed ARGs to several antimicrobials(i.e.,β-lactams,tetracyclines,aminoglycosides,sulphonamides,trimethoprim,phenicols,fosfomycin,and macrolides)as well as several metal resistance genes and antibacterial biocide resistance *** addition,known mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining regions of GyrA(Ser83Leu and Asp87Asn),ParE(Ser458Thr),and ParC(Ser80Ile)were also *** analysis showed the presence of virulence genes(lpfA,mcmA,gad,mchF,iron,cma,and iss)associated with ***-resistant ExPEC isolates were assigned to phylogenetic group *** presence of MDR B1-ExPEC in soil samples shows the ability of these isolates to survive in *** study reports for the first time some sequence types(i.e.,ST345,ST448,and ST1146)of MDR *** in Brazilian ***,these findings contribute to the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and surveillance studies based on whole-genome sequencing worldwide.

关键词： antimicrobial resistance gene metal resistance gene molecular typing whole-genome sequencing

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Behavior and respiration responses of the earthworm Eisenia fetida to soil arsenite pollution

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 452-459页

作者： Yali WAnG Yizhao WU jo CAVAnAGH Xiuhong WAnG Jiangping QIU Yinsheng LI School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Environmental Engineering Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China Landcare Research P.O.Box 40Lincoln 7640New Zealand

Soil arsenic(As)pollution from mining and industrial sources is a serious issue in *** are considered ecosystem engineers and contribute to soil fertility development and maintenance of soil physico-chemical *** this study,earthworms were exposed to soils with different sodium arsenite concentrations(0,5,20,and 80 mg As kg^(-1))for 60 d to investigate the changes in soil properties and the responses of the earthworms(e.g.,burrowing activity and respiration).Earthworm burrowing activity decreased with increasing arsenite concentrations,and earthworm respiration was significantly lower in soils with 20 and 80 mg As kg^(-1) compared to 0 mg As kg^(-1).Changes in soil properties were also observed after incubation of As-amended soil with ***,soil pH decreased,while soil electrical conductivity and contents of soil nH3--n,Olsen-P,and available K *** results suggest that arsenite negatively impacts the metabolic activity of earthworms,leading to reduced burrowing activity,which in turn modifies the effects of earthworms on soil fertility and remediation.

关键词： As contamination earthworm avoidance earthworm burrowing activity maximum burrow length remediation soil property

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