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FASER实验:简介与研究进展

科学通报 2024年第8期69卷 1025-1033页

作者：刘锦枫逄昊王驰艾小聪陈新胡震清华大学物理系北京100084 清华大学致理书院北京100084 郑州大学物理学院(微电子学院) 郑州450001

FASER(ForwArd Search ExpeRiment)是一个位于大型强子对撞机(Large Hadron Collider,LHC)上的前向粒子探测实验.LHC质子对撞产生的质量轻、能量高的粒子往往会沿着束流方向飞行,并逃离传统粒子探测器的覆盖区域.对这些前向粒子的探测... 详细信息

FASER(ForwArd Search ExpeRiment)是一个位于大型强子对撞机(Large Hadron Collider,LHC)上的前向粒子探测实验.LHC质子对撞产生的质量轻、能量高的粒子往往会沿着束流方向飞行,并逃离传统粒子探测器的覆盖区域.对这些前向粒子的探测和研究是传统探测器实验很好的补充.FASER探测器(包括其专门用于探测中微子的子探测器FASERν)位于ATLAS对撞点处束流切线方向下游480 m,物理目标包括可能的暗物质候选者和对撞机产生的中微子.2023年3月,FASER首次直接探测到约153个对撞机产生的高能中微子,信号显著度为16σ.随后,FASER合作组又公布了其暗光子搜寻结果,未发现显著信号,但给出了质量在17~70 MeV范围内、■在2×10^(–5)~1×10^(–4)范围内的暗光子可能性的世界最好限制.正在计划中的前向物理设施(Forward Physical Facility,FPF)或将成为未来HL-LHC时代前向物理研究的新阵地.本文将介绍FASER实验装置及其物理目标,并简要介绍FASER初步的实验结果.

关键词： FASER FASERν FPF 前向物理中微子暗光子

高质量发展视域下高职院校教材选用工作的优化路径

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教育探究 2024年第4期19卷 52-56页

作者：林珍爱福建幼儿师范高等专科学校人文科学学院福建福州350007

优化教材选用,是提升高等职业教育质量的重要环节,也是促进产教深度融合、有效对接经济社会发展需求的重要途径。针对当前高职院校教材选用工作中存在的教材内容与产业需求不匹配,选用机制缺乏灵活性和前瞻性,信息化、数字化教材资源利... 详细信息

优化教材选用,是提升高等职业教育质量的重要环节,也是促进产教深度融合、有效对接经济社会发展需求的重要途径。针对当前高职院校教材选用工作中存在的教材内容与产业需求不匹配,选用机制缺乏灵活性和前瞻性,信息化、数字化教材资源利用不足,教师参与度与评价反馈机制不健全等问题,提出四大优化路径,即聚焦产业前沿,注重实践导向,确保教材内容与岗位需求的匹配度;健全教材选用机制,提高灵活性和前瞻性,确保适应行业需求;构建多元化教材资源库,促进信息技术与教育教学深度融合;强化教师培训与参与,建立教材选用反馈机制,构建多维度、多层次的教材评价体系。

关键词：质量发展高职教材选用

What benefit can be obtained from magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis with artificial intelligence in prostate cancer compared with clinical assessments?

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 268-286页

作者： Li-Tao Zhao zhen-Yu Liu Wan-Fang Xie Li-Zhi Shao Jian Lu Jie Tian Jian-Gang Liu School of Engineering Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China caS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Institute of AutomationBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080China Department of Urology Peking University Third HospitalPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Big Data‑Based Precision Medicine(Beihang University) Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing 100191China Beijing Engineering Research Center of cardiovascular Wisdom Diagnosis and Treatment Beijing 100029China

The present study aimed to explore the potential of artificial intelligence(ai)methodology based on magnetic resonance(MR)images to aid in the management of prostate cancer(Pca).To this end,we reviewed and summarized the studies comparing the diagnostic and predictive performance for Pca between ai and common clinical assessment methods based on MR images and/or clinical characteristics,thereby investigating whether ai methods are generally superior to common clinical assessment methods for the diagnosis and prediction fields of ***,we found that,in the included studies of the present study,ai methods were generally equal to or better than the clinical assessment methods for the risk assessment of Pca,such as risk stratification of prostate lesions and the prediction of therapeutic outcomes or Pca *** particular,for the diagnosis of clinically significant Pca,the ai methods achieved a higher summary receiver operator characteristic curve(SROC-AUC)than that of the clinical assessment methods(0.87 vs.0.82).For the prediction of adverse pathology,the ai methods also achieved a higher SROC-AUC than that of the clinical assessment methods(0.86 vs.0.75).Second,as revealed by the radiomics quality score(RQS),the studies included in the present study presented a relatively high total average RQS of 15.2(11.0–20.0).Further,the scores of the individual RQS elements implied that the ai models in these studies were constructed with relatively perfect and standard radiomics processes,but the exact generalizability and clinical practicality of the ai models should be further validated using higher levels of evidence,such as prospective studies and open-testing datasets.

关键词： Clinically significant prostate cancer Adverse pathology Radiomics quality score Artificial intelligence Magnetic resonance imaging

文化翻译论下毛泽东诗词中事典之英译——以四个毛泽东诗词英译本为例

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宜春学院学报 2024年第4期46卷 88-93页

作者：王爱珍湖南科技大学外国语学院湖南湘潭411201

毛泽东诗词中事典种类繁多,来源丰富,运用灵活,新意无穷,昭显了诗人兼伟人毛泽东深厚的国学功底和古典文化涵养以及他推陈出新的高妙写诗技巧。文化翻译理论强调翻译的本质是“文化翻译”。通过对巴译本、许译本、赵译本和辜译本中事典... 详细信息

毛泽东诗词中事典种类繁多,来源丰富,运用灵活,新意无穷,昭显了诗人兼伟人毛泽东深厚的国学功底和古典文化涵养以及他推陈出新的高妙写诗技巧。文化翻译理论强调翻译的本质是“文化翻译”。通过对巴译本、许译本、赵译本和辜译本中事典的不同表达列表比较、分析和研究,发现:如果既要照顾一般英语读者仅理解诗词大意的阅读要求,又要兼顾高级英语读者对中国传统文化的好奇心理,则对事典采取直译加音译,或者意译,再加上尾注对文化渊源进行较详细的介绍是最理想的翻译方法。

关键词：文化翻译理论毛泽东诗词事典英译

Percutaneous ultrasound-guided coaxial core needle biopsy for the diagnosis of multiple splenic lesions: A case report

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 616-621页

作者： Sha-Hong Pu Wu-Yong-Ga Bao zhen-Peng Jiang Rui Yang Qiang Lu Department of Medical Ultrasound West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The overlap of imaging manifestations among distinct splenic lesions gives rise to a diagnostic ***,a definitive diagnosis primarily relies on his-tological *** ultrasound(US)-guided coaxial core needle biopsy(CNB)not only procures sufficient tissue to help clarify the diagnosis,but reduces the incidence of puncture-related *** SUMMARY A 41-year-old female,with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis,was admitted to our hospital with multiple indeterminate splenic ***-scale ultrasono-graphy demonstrated splenomegaly with numerous well-defined hypoechoic *** contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)showed an en-larged spleen with multiple irregular-shaped,peripherally enhancing,hypodense *** emission CT revealed numerous abnormal hyperglycemia *** imaging findings strongly indicated the possibility of infectious disease as the primary concern,with neoplastic lesions requiring *** obtain the precise pathological diagnosis,the US-guided coaxial CNB of the spleen was ca-rried *** patient did not express any discomfort during the *** Percutaneous US-guided coaxial CNB is an excellent and safe option for obtaining precise splenic tissue samples,as it significantly enhances sample yield for exact pathological analysis with minimum trauma to the spleen parenchyma and sur-rounding tissue.

关键词： Spleen Splenic disease Ultrasound Biopsy Ultrasound-guided coaxial core needle biopsy case report

Mineralogical properties and co-sintering characteristics of fluxed iron ore with magnetite concentrates

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 318-328页

作者： Le-le Niu zheng-jian Liu Jian-liang Zhang Yao-zu Wang zhen-xing Yang Si-da Li Chang-dong Shan Ben Feng School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Institute of Artificial Intelligence University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Xinxing casting Pipe Xinjiang Co. Bayingol841300XinjiangChina

To investigate the feasibility of co-sintering of fluxed iron ore with magnetite concentrates, the mineralogical properties of a novel fluxed iron ore were studied using particle size analysis, microscopic morphology characterization, and X-ray diffraction Rietveld analysis. Following that, the experiments for granulation performance and basic sintering characteristics were designed under seven different fluxed iron ore ratios, and the integrated ranking of different fluxed iron ore ratios was determined using gray relation analysis. Finally, the results of the industrial trails were combined with the feasibility analysis. Test and experimental results show that the fraction of the fluxed iron ore particles larger than 0.5 mm can account for more than 48%, and the particles have two morphologies: spherical-rough and flaky-smooth. ca elements are found in the form of calcite (caCO3) and dolomite (caMg(CO3)2). The average particle size of granules and powder removal rate can be improved from 2.50 to 3.16 mm and 39.60% to 24.20%, respectively, with the increase in the fluxed iron ore ratio. Furthermore, the fluxed iron ore can improve assimilability and liquid fluidity of magnetite concentrates. In terms of overall granulation performance and sintering characteristics, the fluxed iron ore ratios are graded from best to worst as follows: 12%, 15%, 9%, 18%, 21%, 6% and 3%. The industrial trails show that when the fluxed iron ore ratio is increased, the beneficial effect of the superior sintering characteristics of the fluxed iron ore itself is ideally balanced with the negative effect of the lower amount of additional caO at 12% ratio, and thus, it is feasible to bring the fluxed iron ore into production at a level of roughly 12%.

关键词： Fluxed iron ore Magnetite concentrate Granulation performance Sintering characteristics Gray relation analysis

Elucidation and engineering mitochondrial respiratory-related genes for improving bioethanol production at high temperature in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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Engineering Microbiology 2024年第2期4卷 12-23页

作者： Xianni Qi zhen Wang Yuping Lin Yufeng Guo Zongjie Dai Qinhong Wang Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Biosynthesis Tianjin Institute of Industrial BiotechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology Tianjin 300308China College of Science&Technology Hebei Agricultural UniversityCangzhou 061100China

Industrial manufacturing of bioproducts,especially bioethanol,can benefit from high-temperature fermentation,which requires the use of thermotolerant yeast *** activity in yeast is closely related to its over-all ***,the mitochondrial respiratory changes in response to adaptive thermotolerance are still poorly understood and have been rarely utilized for developing thermotolerant yeast cell ***,adap-tive evolution and transcriptional sequencing,as well as whole-genome-level gene knockout,were used to obtain a thermotolerant strain of Saccharomyces ***,thermotolerance and bioethanol production efficiency of the engineered strain were *** evaluation showed the boosted fermentation ca-pacity and suppressed mitochondrial respiratory activity in the thermotolerant *** improved fermentation produced an increased supply of adenosine triphosphate required for more active energy-consuming *** analysis revealed significant changes in the expression of the genes involved in the mitochondrial respiratory *** of mitochondria-associated gene knockout confirmed that ADK1,DOC1,or MET7 were the key factors for the adaptive evolution of thermotolerance in the engineered yeast ***,overexpression of DOC1 with TEF1 promoter regulation led to a 10.1%increase in ethanol production at 42℃.The relationships between thermotolerance,mitochondrial activity,and respiration were explored,and a ther-motolerant yeast strain was developed by altering the expression of mitochondrial respiration-related *** study provides a better understanding on the physiological mechanism of adaptive evolution of thermotolerance in yeast.

关键词： Saccharomyces cerevisiae Adaptive evolution Transcriptional sequencing Mitochondrial respiratory Thermotolerance

Blood cell counts and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evidence from Mendelian randomization analysis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1145-1155页

作者： Bin Hu ai-Hong Wan Xi-Qiao Xiang Yuan-Hao Wei Yi Chen zhen Tang Chang-De Xu Zi-Wei zheng Shao-Ling Yang Kun Zhao Department of Laboratory Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghai 201499China Department of cardiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghai 201499China Department of Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Imaging Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital South CampusShanghai 201499China Department of School of Public Health Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150081Heilongjiang ProvinceChina Department of cardiovascular Ultrasound Medicine Center Shanghai Eighth People's HospitalShanghai 200235China

BACKGROUND Previous research has highlighted correlations between blood cell counts and chronic liver ***,the causal relationships remain *** To evaluate the causal effect of blood cell traits on liver enzymes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)*** Independent genetic variants strongly associated with blood cell traits were extracted from a genome-wide association study(GWAS)conducted by the Blood Cell ***-level data for liver enzymes were obtained from the United Kingdom *** data were obtained from a GWAS meta-analysis(8434 cases and 770180 controls,discovery dataset)and the Fingen GWAS(2275 cases and 372727 controls,replication dataset).This analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted method,followed by various sensitivity *** One SD increase in the genetically predicted haemoglobin concentration(HGB)was associated with aβof 0.0078(95%CI:0.0059-0.0096),0.0108(95%CI:0.0080-0.0136),0.0361(95%CI:0.0156-0.0567),and 0.0083(95%CI:00046-0.0121)for alkaline phosphatase(ALP),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase,and gammaglutamyl transferase,*** predicted haematocrit was associated with ALP(β=0.0078,95%CI:0.0052-0.0104)and ALT(β=0.0057,95%CI:0.0039-0.0075).Genetically determined HGB and the reticulocyte fraction of red blood cells increased the risk of NAFLD[odds ratio(OR)=1.199,95%CI:1.087-1.322]and(OR=1.157,95%CI:1.071-1.250).The results of the sensitivity analyses remained *** Novel causal blood cell traits related to liver enzymes and NAFLD development were revealed through Mendelian randomization analysis,which may facilitate the diagnosis and prevention of NAFLD.

关键词： Blood cell counts Liver enzymes Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Genome-wide association Mendelian randomization study causal relationship

高光谱图像辐射位深残差量化及其对地物分类影响分析

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光谱学与光谱分析 2024年第3期44卷 872-882页

作者：王娟张爱武张希珍陈云生首都师范大学三维信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室北京100048 首都师范大学空间信息技术教育部工程研究中心北京100048 首都师范大学地理环境研究与教育中心北京100048

目前的研究大多集中在高光谱图像(HSI)的空间和光谱分辨率的提升及应用上,很少关注辐射分辨率的综合运用。辐射分辨率反映传感器接收地物辐射能量动态变化的范围,探测地物辐射能量的微小变化,同样包含着丰富的地物信息。该研究提出了一... 详细信息

目前的研究大多集中在高光谱图像(HSI)的空间和光谱分辨率的提升及应用上,很少关注辐射分辨率的综合运用。辐射分辨率反映传感器接收地物辐射能量动态变化的范围,探测地物辐射能量的微小变化,同样包含着丰富的地物信息。该研究提出了一种高光谱图像辐射位深残差量化(HSI radiation bit depth residual quantization method)方法,构建出高光谱图像不同辐射位深层级的位深特征图像(LHSI)及其残差图像(RHSI),并通过实验综合运用高光谱不同辐射位深层级的位深特征图像和残差图像及其组合进行地物分类,并分析其对地物分类精度的影响。实验表明,在保证一定分类精度的基础上,辐射位深为9 bit的位深特征图像,保留了原始高光谱图像的主要信息;辐射位深为4 bit的残差图像,比原始高光谱图像更突出地物细节信息;13 bit的位深特征图像与3 bit的残差图像的组合,既能保留原始高光谱图像的主要信息又能突出地物细节。

关键词：高光谱图像辐射分辨率辐射位深残差量化地物分类