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Do statins reduce the mortality rate in stroke patients treated with systemic thrombolysis in a 5-year single-center study?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第9期16卷 1807-1812页

作者： Toralf brüning Mohamed Al-Khaled Department of Neurology University Medical Center Schleswig-HolsteinCampus LübeckLübeckGermany

The present study investigated the association between pre-treatment with a cholesterol-lowering drug(statin) or new setting hereon and the effect on the mortality rate in patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous systemic thrombolysis. During a 5-year period(starting in October 2008), 542 consecutive stroke patients who received intravenous systemic thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator(rt-PA) at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Germany, were included. Patients were characterized according to statins. The primary endpoint was mortality;it was assessed twice: in hospital and 3 months after discharge. The secondary outcome was the rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Of the 542 stroke patients examined(mean age 72 ± 13 years;51% women, mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score 11), 138 patients(25.5%) had been pretreated with statin, while in 190 patients(35.1%) statin therapy was initiated during their stay in hospital, whereas 193(35.6%) never received statins. Patients pre-treated with statin were older and more frequently had previous illnesses(arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and previous cerebral infarctions), but were comparably similarly affected by the stroke(NIHSS 11 vs. 11;P = 0.76) compared to patients who were not on statin treatment at the time of cerebral infarction. Patients pretreated with statin did not differ in 3-month mortality from those newly treated to a statin(7.6% vs. 8%;P = 0.9). Interestingly, the group of patients pretreated with statin showed a lower rate of in hospital mortality(6.6% vs. 17.0;P = 0.005) and 3-month mortality(10.7% vs. 23.7%;P = 0.005) than the group of patients who had no statin treatment at all. The same effect was seen for patients newly adjusted to a statin during the hospital stay compared to patients who did not receive statins(3-month mortality: 7.1% vs. 23.7%;P < 0.001). With a good funct

关键词： acute ischemic stroke hemorrhage mortality outcome secondary prophylaxis statins stroke systemic thrombolysis

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Enhanced fat degradation following the addition of a Pseudomonas species to a bioaugmentation product used in grease traps

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 174-188页

作者： Markella Tzirita Seraphim Papanikolaou bríd Quilty School of Biotechnology Dublin City University (DCU) Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Agricultural University of Athens National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology (NICB) DCU

The presence of fats, oils and greases(FOGs) in wastewater can lead to many problems including blockages. Investigation of a bioaugmentation product, consisting of Bacillus spp., to degrade butter(1%, W/V) and olive oil(1%, V/V) was performed in aerobic batch cultures for 13-day incubation. Gravimetric analysis of the remaining substrates showed slowly degradation of the oil after a 2-day lag, but no degradation of the butter. Addition of a Pseudomonas putida strain CP1 to the Bacillus spp. population promoted rapidly degradation of both fats after7 days of incubation. High fat accumulation revealed the potential use of the new bacterial mixture for production of added-value compounds. Lipase production only by the Bacillus *** with the analysis of the remaining lipids with thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography, suggested that the Bacillus spp. mainly only hydrolyzed the fat. The breakdown products were metabolized by the Pseudomonas putida CP1 performing preferential utilization of unsaturated fatty acids. Investigation of population dynamics using selective plating and a labeled Pseudomonas putida CP1::Tn7-gfp showed domination of the latter. The new mixture performed a successful cooperation with good potential for FOG treatment and an aggregative response desirable to fat degradation in grease traps.

关键词： Bacillus Bioaugmentation Biodegradation FOG Lipase Pseudomonas

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Aging and the intestine

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第47期12卷 7578-7584页

作者： Laurie Drozdowski Alan br Thomson Nutrition and Metabolism Group University of Alberta Canada

Over the lifetime of the animal, there are many changes in the function of the body’s organ systems. In the gastrointestinal tract there is a general modest decline in the function of the esophagus, stomach, colon, pancreas and liver. In the small intestine, there may be subtle alterations in the intestinal morphology, as well as a decline in the uptake of fatty acids and sugars. The malabsorption may be partially reversed by aging glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP2) or dexamethasone. Modifications in the type of lipids in the diet will influence the intestinal absorption of nutrients: for example, in mature rats a diet enriched with saturated as compared with polysaturated fatty acids will enhance lipid and sugar uptake, whereas in older animals the opposite effect is observed. Thus, the results of studies of the intestinal adaptation performed in mature rats does not necessarily apply in older animals. The age-associated malabsorption of nutrients that occurs with aging may be one of the several factors which contribute to the malnutrition that occurs with aging.

关键词： Aging Gastrointestinal tract Intestine Absorption Malnutrition

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Intestinal sugar transport

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第11期12卷 1657-1670页

作者： Laurie A Drozdowski Alan br Thomson Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of Alberta5150 Dentistry Pharmacy BuildingEdmontonABT6G 2N8Canada 130 University Campus Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaZeidler Ledcor CenterEdmontonABT6G 2X8Canada

Carbohydrates are an important component of the diet. The carbohydrates that we ingest range from simple monosaccharides （glucose, fructose and galactose） to disaccharides （lactose, sucrose） to complex polysaccharides. Most carbohydrates are digested by salivary and pancreatic amylases, and are further broken down into monosaccharides by enzymes in the brush border membrane （BBM） of enterocytes. For example, lactase-phloridzin hydrolase and sucraseisomaltase are two disaccharidases involved in the hydrolysis of nutritionally important disaccharides. Once monosaccharides are presented to the BBM, mature enterocytes expressing nutrient transporters transport the sugars into the enterocytes. This paper reviews the early studies that contributed to the development of a working model of intestinal sugar transport, and details the recent advances made in understanding the process by which sugars are absorbed in the intestine.

关键词： Glucose Fructose SGLT1 GLUT2 GLUT5 Transport Intestine Enterocytes Sugar

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Intestinal hormones and growth factors:Effects on the small intestine

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第4期15卷 385-406页

作者： Laurie Drozdowski Alan br Thomson Division of Gastroenterology University of Alberta

There are various hormones and growth factors which may modify the intestinal absorption of nutrients, and which might thereby be useful in a therapeutic setting, such as in persons with short bowel syndrome. In part I, we focus first on insulin-like growth factors, epidermal and transferring growth factors, thyroid hormones and glucocorticosteroids. Part Ⅱ will detail the effects of glucagon-like peptide （GLP）-2 on intestinal absorption and adaptation, and the potential for an additive effect of GLP2 plus steroids.

关键词： Epidermal growth factor Glucocortico-steroids Insulin-like growth factor-I/Ⅱ Intestinalgrowth Transforming growth factor-α-2 Hepatocytegrowth factor Keratinocyte growth factor

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Ontogeny,growth and development of the small intestine:Understanding pediatric gastroenterology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第7期16卷 787-799页

作者： Laurie A Drozdowski Tom Clandinin Alan br Thomson Medical Affairs Mead Johnson NutritionalsOttawaOntarioK1S 5N4Canada Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaAlbertaT6G 2B7Canada Division of General Internal Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaAlbertaT6G 2B7Canada

Throughout our lifetime,the intestine *** alterations in its form and function may be genetically determined,and some are the result of adaptation to diet,temperature,or *** critical period programming of the intestine can be modified,such as from subtle differences in the types and ratios of n3:m6 fatty acids in the diet of the pregnant mother,or in the diet of the *** early forced adaptation may persist in later life,such as the unwanted increased intestinal absorption of sugars,fatty acids and ***,the ontogeny,early growth and development of the intestine is important for the adult gastroenterologist to appreciate,because of the potential for these early life events to affect the responsiveness of the intestine to physiological or pathological challenges in later life.

关键词： Intestinal development Ontogeny Pediatrics

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氧化镱掺杂氧化铪陶瓷的高温相稳定性与热膨胀性能

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过程工程学报 2024年第5期24卷 580-588页

作者：周菲兰昊孙小明张会丰孙勇辉杜令忠张伟刚中国科学技术大学稀土学院安徽合肥230026 中国科学院赣江创新研究院江西赣州341119 中国科学院过程工程研究所北京100190

燃气涡轮发动机推重比的提高依赖于发动机工作温度的提升。目前,寻找比传统YSZ(氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆)材料耐受温度更高,与镍基基体热膨胀系数匹配的新型热障涂层陶瓷材料是首要任务。采用水热法合成一系列氧化镱掺杂氧化铪(YbSH)纳... 详细信息

燃气涡轮发动机推重比的提高依赖于发动机工作温度的提升。目前,寻找比传统YSZ(氧化钇部分稳定的氧化锆)材料耐受温度更高,与镍基基体热膨胀系数匹配的新型热障涂层陶瓷材料是首要任务。采用水热法合成一系列氧化镱掺杂氧化铪(YbSH)纳米粉体,并通过固相烧结制备出YbSH陶瓷,分析了YbSH粉体与陶瓷的微观结构变化规律与相稳定机制,测试立方相结构YbSH陶瓷的高温相结构稳定性与热膨胀系数。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析Yb_(2)O_(3)掺杂HfO_(2)粉体与陶瓷的微观结构变化规律与相稳定机制;并借助热重-差热分析仪(DSC-TG)、热膨胀分析仪(TMA)测试立方相结构YbSH陶瓷的高温相结构稳定性与热膨胀系数。结果表明,水热合成粉体的粒径在10 nm以下,分布均一,多数呈正方体形状,结晶状态好,制备的烧结陶瓷致密度可达95%以上;晶体学分析得出,Yb(Ⅲ)离子通过取代Hf(Ⅳ)离子的位置,使氧化铪发生晶格畸变,以置换固溶的方式使HfO2的空间群从单斜相的P21/c畸变到萤石立方相Fm3m。氧化镱掺杂量的增多使氧化铪逐渐失去单斜相结构,12 mol/mol以上的氧化镱的掺杂可使氧化铪成为完全立方相,通过使阳离子网络的膨胀和氧空位的产生,有效缓解氧过度拥挤的情况,使立方萤石结构的HfO2稳定在室温下。通过高温热处理和监测升温过程中YbSH的热量变化,该立方相结构在室温至1500℃表现出良好的稳定性;YbSH陶瓷热膨胀系数随着立方相含量的增多从6.016×10^(-6)℃^(-1)增大至10.14×10^(-6)℃^(-1)(25~1500℃),其中20 mol/mol氧化镱掺杂的YbSH陶瓷的热膨胀系数可达10.5×10^(-6)℃^(-1)(1000~1200℃),比纯氧化铪热膨胀系数提高67.22%。

关键词：氧化镱稳定氧化铪热障涂层材料微观结构高温相稳定性热膨胀系数

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Discrete Element with Flexible Connector for Dynamic Analysis of 3-D Beam Structures

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China Ocean Engineering 1997年第1期12卷 11-20页

作者： Cheng, br Zheng, ZC Hou, ZC Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

Combined multi-body dynamics with structural dynamics, a new discrete element with flexible connector, which is applicable for 3-D beam structures, is developed in this paper. Both the generalized elastic coefficient matrix of the flexible connector and the mass matrix of discrete element may be off-diagonal in a general case. The zero-length rigid element is introduced to simulate the node at which multiple elements are jointed together. It may also be effective when the axes of adjacent elements are not in the same line. The examples for eigenvalue calculation show that the model is successful. It can be extended to the geometric nonlinear response analysis.

关键词： discrete element flexible connector zero-length rigid element 3-D beam structures dynamic analysis

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FATIGUE STRENGTH DETERMINATION OF BUTT WELDED JOINTS BY FEM

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第6期17卷 771-775页

作者： M. Szubryt J. brózda Instytut Spawalnictwa (Institute of Welding) ul. Bl. Czeslawa 16/18 44-100 Gliwice PolandInstytut Spawalnictwa (Institute of Welding) ul. Bl. Czeslawa 16/18 44-100 Gliwice Poland

The influence of welding parameters of butt joints, made by three processes (MMA, MAG and T.I.M.E), on their geometric characteristics has been evaluated, which in turn caused a change of the fatigue strength. That fore the statistic analysis and FEM were used and a method developed in the Institute of Welding, which consist in a direct connection of parameters used during welding with the fatigue strength of joints welded by various processes. It has been proven, among others, which by using more advanced welding processes (T.I.M.E) the fatigue strength of welded joints can be increased in comparison to joints welded by MMA and MAG.

关键词： fatigue strength fatigue class (FAT) structural stress welded joints

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Morphological,kinetic,membrane biochemical and genetic aspects of intestinal enteroplasticity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第7期15卷 774-787页

作者： Laurie A Drozdowski M Tom Clandinin Alan br Thomson Medical Affairs Mead Johnson Nutritionals Department of Agriculture Food and Nutritional SciencesUniversity of Alberta Division of Internal Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity of Alberta

The process of intestinal adaptation("enteroplasticity") is complex and *** a number of trophic nutrients and non-nutritive factors have been identified in animal studies,successful,reproducible clinical trials in humans are *** mechanisms underlying this adaptive process may direct research toward strategies that maximize intestinal function and impart a true clinical benefit to patients with short bowel syndrome,or to persons in whom nutrient absorption needs to be *** this review,we consider the morphological,kinetic and membrane biochemical aspects of enteroplasticity,focus on the importance of nutritional factors,provide an overview of the many hormones that may alter the adaptive process,and consider some of the possible molecular *** most of the data is derived from rodent studies,wherever possible,the results of human studies of intestinal enteroplasticity are provided.

关键词： Diabetes Diet Hormonal regulation Intestinal resection Mechanisms Morphology Nutrientabsorption Short bowel syndrome Signals

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