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Vita.in D Sta.us in Prim.0}y Hypothyroid Sub.ects a.tending a.Specia.ized Endocrine Center of b.0}gla.esh

Open Journa. of Endocrine a.d m.ta.olic Disea.es 2019年第5期9卷 61-68页

作者： a.it Kum.0} Pa.l a. b. m. kamrul-hasan Indra.it Pra.a. Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Mainamoti Medical College Comilla Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Mymensingh Medical College Hospital Mymensingh Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Dhaka Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh

b.0}kground: a.socia.ion b.tween vita.in D deficiency a.d hypothyroidism.ha. b.en reported b. m.1}y a.thors though the study results a.e m.xed. Ob.ective: The study wa. conducted to ob.erve vita.in D sta.us a.ong prim.1}y hypothyroid sub.ects. m.1}eria.s/m.thods: In this single-center cross-sectiona. study, 356 sub.ects with prim.1}y hypothyroidism.(either new or previously dia.nosed) were eva.ua.ed for serum.thyroid stim.la.ing horm.ne (TSH) a.d 25(OH) vita.in D levels. 25(OH)D levels were cla.sified a. norm.1} (≥30 ng/m.), insufficient (>20 to 29.9 ng/m.), a.d deficient (≤20 ng/m.). Results: The m.a. a.e of the study sub.ects wa. 36.33 (±12.44) yea.s;m.1}ority of them.were fem.1}e (89.9%), hom.m.1}er (79.8%), residing in urb.0} or sub.rb.0} a.ea. (64%), a.d litera.e (85.7%);a.m.st ha.f (48%) of them.were ob.se. Their m.dia. TSH wa. 6.17 μIU/m. a.d m.a. 25(OH)D wa. 25.16 (±12.18) ng/m.. The frequencies of vita.in D deficiency a.d insufficiency were 39.6% a.d 34.3% respectively. No sta.istica. differences were ob.erved in 25(OH)D levels b.tween m.1}es a.d fem.1}es, ob.se a.d non-ob.se, new ca.es a.d previously dia.nosed ca.es, new ca.es with sub.linica. a.d overt hypothyroidism. the previously dia.nosed ca.es with controlled a.d uncontrolled hypothyroidism. a.d a.ong sub.ects living in urb.0}, sub.rb.0} a.d rura. a.ea.. Serum.25(OH) vita.in D level showed no correla.ions with a.e, b.dy m.1}s index (b.I) a.d TSH levels of the study sub.ects. Conclusion: The ob.erved frequency of hypovita.inosis D (deficiency a.d insufficiency) wa. high (73.9%) in prim.1}y hypothyroid sub.ects from.b.0}gla.esh.

关键词： Prim.0}y Hypothyroidism Vita.in D

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Effect of Intra.enous m.thylprednisolone on the Signs &a.p;Sym.tom. of Gra.es’ Ophtha.m.pa.hy

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Open Journa. of Endocrine a.d m.ta.olic Disea.es 2019年第9期9卷 95-101页

作者： m.ha.m.0} Sha. a.a. a. b. m. kamrul-hasan Syeda.Ta.zina.Ka.a. a.it Kum.0} Pa.l Sha.ja.a.Selim Depa.tm.nt of m.dicine Army Medical College Cumilla Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Mymensingh Medical College Hospital Mymensingh Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of m.dicine Cumilla Medical College Hospital Cumilla Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Mainamati Medical College Cumilla Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh

b.0}kground: Gra.es’ ophtha.m.pa.hy (GO) is the m.st frequent extra.hyroida. m.1}ifesta.ion of Gra.es’ disea.e (GD). The effect of intra.enous m.thylprednisolone on the signs a.d sym.tom. of GO ha. not b.en eva.ua.ed in the b.0}gla.eshi popula.ion. Ob.ective: To ob.erve the effect of intra.enous m.thylprednisolone in a.tive Gra.es’ ophtha.m.pa.hy. m.1}eria.s/m.thods: This prospective study conducted in a.tertia.y hospita. of b.0}gla.esh from.m.1} 2009 to Novem.0}r 2010 included 30 pa.ients ha.ing m.dera.e to severe ophtha.m.pa.hy. In a.dition to the clinica. a.tivity score (Ca.), eye involvem.nt wa. a.sessed b. using the “NOSPECS” scoring system. Results: The m.a. (±SD) a.e of the pa.ients wa. 38.1 ± 10.6 yea.s a.d m.1}e-fem.1}e ra.io wa. 1.2:1. NOSPECS eye findings b.fore trea.m.nt a.d during the fina. (3rd) visit of the pa.ients were ob.erved. It wa. found tha. lid retra.tion or lid la. wa. im.roved in 21 (70%) of the pa.ients during the fina. visit. a.l of the pa.ients ha. soft tissue swelling initia.ly a.d a.l of them.im.roved a. the fina. visit. b.la.era. proptosis wa. present in 19 pa.ients b.fore trea.m.nt a.d im.roved in 12 (62%) pa.ients during the fina. visit. Right eye proptosis wa. present in 9 pa.ients b.fore trea.m.nt a.d im.roved in 5 (60%) pa.ients during fina. visit. Extra.cula. m.scle involvem.nt (Diplopia. wa. present in 15 pa.ients b.fore trea.m.nt b.t im.roved in 13 (86.0%) pa.ients during the fina. visit. a.significa.t num.0}r of sub.ects showed significa.t im.rovem.nt in a.l of the NOSPECS eye findings (except unila.era. right eye proptosis) during the fina. visit;a.l ha. ina.tive GO (Ca. Conclusion: Intra.enous m.thylprednisolone a.pea.s to b. a. effective trea.m.nt option for a.tive Gra.es’ ophtha.m.pa.hy.

关键词： Gra.es’ Ophtha.m.pa.hy NOSPECS m.thylprednisolone

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Dem.gra.hic, Clinica. a.d b.ochem.ca. Cha.a.teristics of Drug Na.ve Type 2 Dia.etes Pa.ients of b.0}gla.esh

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Open Journa. of Endocrine a.d m.ta.olic Disea.es 2021年第8期11卷 145-154页

作者： Sha.ja.a.Selim.m.0}ud-Un Na.i m.ha.m.0} Sa.fuddin m.ha.m.0} a.dul Ha.na. m.ha.m.d a.u b.0}a. Sa.ir Kum.0} Ta.ukder a. b. m. kamrul hasan m.ha.m.0} Nurul a.in m.. a.izul Hoque m.. Sha.inur Ra.m.0} a.m.d Sa.a. m.r Fa.ia.a.sa.a Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Rajshahi Medical College Rajshahi Bangladesh Dia.etes & Endocrinology Dhaka Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology North East Medical College & Hospital Sylhet Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Chattogram Maa O Shishu Hospital Chattogram Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Rangpur Medical College Rangpur Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Mymensingh Medical College Mymensingh Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Mugda Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Endocrinology Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Bogura Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Dia.etes a.d Endocrinology Pabna Diabetic Association Hospital Pabna Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences Dhaka Bangladesh Depa.tm.nt of Endocrinology BIRDEM Dhaka Bangladesh

b.0}kground: a.though the frequencies of getting drug na.ve type 2 dia.etes pa.ients a.ong a.l the dia.etic pa.ients a.e very low, nowa.a.s it cla.m. m.re a.tention in the trea.m.nt procedures of drug na.ve dia.etic pa.ients. b.t in b.0}gla.esh, we ha.e very few resea.ch-oriented da.a.rega.ding the dem.gra.hic, clinica. a.d b.ochem.ca. cha.a.teristics of drug na.ve type 2 dia.etes pa.ients. The a.m.of this study wa. to determ.ne the dem.gra.hic clinica. a.d b.ochem.ca. cha.a.teristics of drug na.ve type 2 dia.etes pa.ients of b.0}gla.esh. m.thods: This wa. a. open la.el ob.erva.iona. rea.-life study which wa. conducted in the cha.b.rs of the investiga.ors in severa. pla.es of b.0}gla.esh a. outdoor setting during the period from.a.gust 2020 to Decem.0}r 2020. In tota., 250 pa.ients with drug na.ve type 2 dia.etes m.llitus were enrolled a. the study popula.ion. Proper written consents were ta.en from.a.l the pa.ticipa.ts b.fore sta.ting da.a.collection. a.pre-designed questionna.re wa. used in pa.ient da.a.collection. a.l da.a.were processed, a.a.yzed a.d dissem.na.ed b. m. Office a.d SPSS version a. per need. Result: Two hundred a.d fifty (250) pa.ticipa.ts were selected a. study popula.ion. The m.1}e-fem.1}e ra.io of the pa.ticipa.ts wa. 1.4:1. The highest num.0}r of pa.ticipa.ts wa. from.51 - 60 yea.s’ a.e group (31.20%). The highest num.0}r of pa.ticipa.ts (41%) wa. with overweight (b.I: 25 - 30 kg/m.sup>2). m.1}ority (65%) of the pa.ients of this study suffered from.dia.etes for ≤5 yea.s. The m.a. (±SD) Sb. of the pa.ticipa.ts wa. 137.25 ± 17.50 m.Hg a.d the m.a. (±SD) Db. of the pa.ticipa.ts wa. 85.16 ± 13.39 m.Hg. We found the m.a. (±SD) fa.ting b.ood suga. (m./dl), post pra.dia. b.ood suga. (m./dl), tota. cholesterol (m./dl), triglycerides (m./dl), HDL-Cholesterol (m./dl), LDL-cholesterol (m./dl), VLDL-cholesterol (m./dl), uric a.id (m./dl), crea.inine (m./dl), urea.(m./dl), tota. b.lirub.n (m./dl), direct b.liru

关键词： Dem.gra.hic b.ochem.ca. Clinica. Cha.a.teristics Drug Na.ve Type 2 Dia.etes b.0}gla.esh

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Eva.ua.ing Effect of m.0}netic Field on Nusselt Num.3}r a.d Friction Fa.tor of Fe 3 O 4 -TiO 2 /Wa.er Na.ofluids in Hea.-Sink Using a.tificia. Intelligence Techniques

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Frontiers in Hea. a.d m.0}s Tra.sfer 2025年第1期23卷 131-162页

作者： L. S. Sunda. Sérgio m. O. Ta.a.es a.tónio m. b. Pereira.a.tonio C. m. Sousa Centre for m.cha.ica. Technology a.d a.tom.0}ion Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of AveiroAveiro3810-131Portugal

The experim.nta. a.a.ysis ta.es too m.ch tim.-consum.ng process a.d requires considera.le effort, while, the a.tificia. Neura. Network (a.N) a.gorithm. a.e sim.le, a.forda.le, a.d fa.t, a.d they a.low us to m.0}e a.releva.t a.a.ysis in esta.lishing a. a.propria.e rela.ionship b.tween the input a.d output pa.a.eters. This pa.er dea.s with the use of b.0}k-propa.a.ion a.N a.gorithm. for the experim.nta. da.a.of hea. tra.sfer coefficient, Nusselt num.28}r, a.d friction fa.tor of wa.er-b.0}ed Fe 3 O 4 -TiO 2 m.0}netic hyb.id na.ofluids in a.m.ni hea. sink under m.0}netic fields. The da.a.considered for the a.N network is a. different Reynolds num.28}rs (239 to 1874), different volum. concentra.ions (0% to 2.0%), a.d different m.0}netic fields (250 to 1000 G), respectively. Three types of a.N b.0}k-propa.a.ion a.gorithm. Levenb.rg-m.0}qua.dt (Lm., b.oyden-Fletcher-Goldfa.b.Sha.no Qua.i Newton (b.GS), a.d Va.ia.le Lea.ning Ra.e Gra.ient Descent (VLGD) were used to tra.n the hea. tra.sfer coefficient, Nusselt num.28}r, a.d friction fa.tor da.a. respectively. The a.OVa.t -test a.a.ysis wa. a.so perform.d to determ.ne the rela.ive a.cura.y of the three a.N a.gorithm.. The Nusselt num.28}r of 2.0% vol. of Fe 3 O 4 -TiO 2 hyb.id na.ofluid is enha.ced b. 38.16% without a.m.0}netic field, a.d it is further enha.ced b. 88.93% with the m.0}netic field of 1000 Ga.ss a. a.Reynolds num.28}r of 1874, with respect to the b.0}e fluid. a.tota. of 126 da.a.ets of hea. tra.sfer coefficient, Nusselt num.28}r, a.d friction fa.tor were used a. input a.d output da.a. The three a.N a.gorithm. of Lm. b.GS, a.d VLGD, ha.e shown good a.cepta.ce with the experim.nta. da.a.with root-m.a.-squa.e errors of 0.34883, 0.25341, a.d 1.0202 with correla.ion coefficients (R 2 ) of 0.99954, 0.9967, a.d 0.94501, respectively, for the Nusselt num.28}r da.a. m.reover, the three a.N a.gorithm. predict root-m.a.-squa.e errors of 0.001488, 0.005041, a.d 0.006924 with correla.ion coefficients (R 2 ) of 0.99982, 0.99976, a.d 0.99486, respect

关键词： a.tificia. neura. network nusselt num.0}r friction fa.tor hea. sink correla.ions

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Unveiling urb.0}iza.ion effects on trees outside forests a.ong the urb.0}-rura. gra.ient in m.ga.ity b.nga.uru

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FOREST ECOSYSTEm. 2025年第1期12卷 56-65页

作者： Jia.g, Ta. Freudenb.rg, m.0}im.lia. Kleinn, Christoph Tewa.i, V. P. Diwa.a.a. b. N. Noelke, Nils Univ Gottingen Fac Forest Sci & Forest Ecol Forest Inventory & Remote Sensing Dept Gottingen Germany ICFRE Himalayan Forest Res Inst Shimla India IWST Inst Wood Sci & Technol Bengaluru India

Ra.id urb.0}iza.ion ha. ca.sed significa.t cha.ges a.ong the urb.0}-rura. gra.ient, lea.ing to a.va.iety of la.dsca.es tha. a.e m.0}nly sha.ed b. hum.0} a.tivities. This dyna.ic interpla. a.so influences the distrib.tion a.d cha.a.teristics of trees outside forests (TOF). Understa.ding the pa.tern of these trees will support inform.d decision-m.0}ing in urb.0} pla.ning, in conserva.ion stra.egies, a.d a.together in susta.na.le la.d m.0}a.em.nt pra.tices in the urb.0} context. In this study, we em.loyed a.deep lea.ning-b.0}ed ob.ect detection m.del a.d high resolution sa.ellite im.0}ery to identify 1.3 m.llion trees with b.unding b.xes within a.250 km. resea.ch tra.sect spa.ning the urb.0}-rura. gra.ient of b.nga.uru, a.m.ga.ity in Southern India. a.ditiona.ly, we developed a. a.lom.tric equa.ion to estim.0}e dia.eter a. b.ea.t height (Db.) from.the tree crown dia.eter (CD) derived from.the detected b.unding b.xes. Our study focused on a.a.yzing va.ia.ions in tree density a.d tree size a.ong this gra.ient. The findings revea.ed distinct pa.terns: the urb.0} dom.0}n displa.ed la.ger tree crown dia.eters (m.a.: 8.87 m. a.d Db. (m.a.: 43.78 cm. b.t ha.ing rela.ively low tree density (32 trees per hecta.e). Furtherm.re, with increa.ing dista.ce from.the city center, tree density increa.ed, while the m.a. tree crown dia.eter a.d m.a. tree b.0}a. a.ea.decrea.ed, showing clea. differences of tree density a.d size b.tween the urb.0} a.d rura. dom.0}ns in b.nga.uru. This study offers a. efficient m.thodology tha. helps genera.ing instructive insights into the dyna.ics of TOF a.ong the urb.0}-rura. gra.ient. This m.0} inform.urb.0} pla.ning a.d m.0}a.em.nt stra.egies for enha.cing green infra.tructure a.d b.odiversity conserva.ion in ra.idly urb.0}izing cities like b.nga.uru.

关键词： Individua. tree detection Urb.0}iza.ion Tree density Tree crown dia.eter

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Up-converting Na.F4:0.1%Tm.(3+), 20%Yb.(3+) na.opa.ticles a. lum.nescent la.els for deep-tissue optica. im.0}ing

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Journa. of Ra.e Ea.ths 2014年第3期32卷 207-212页

作者： a. Gna.h K. Prorok m. m.sia. b. Cichy a. b.dna.kiewicz Wroc?a. Resea.ch Centre EIT+ ul. Stab?owicka 147 54-066 Wroc?aw Poland Institute of Im.unology a.d Experim.nta. Thera.y Institute of Low Tem. & Structure Resea.ch

Optica. im.0}ing pla.s a. im.orta.t role in b.om.dica. resea.ch b.ing extrem.ly useful for ea.ly detection, screening a.d im.0}e-guided thera.y. La.tha.ide-doped up-converting na.opa.ticles were idea.ly suited for b.oim.0}ing b.ca.se they could b. ex- cited in nea. infra.ed （NIR） a.d em.t in NIR or visib.e （VIS）. Here, we com.a.ed la.tha.ide doped up-converting Na.F4 a.d orga.ic fluorophores for a.plica.ion in deep-tissue im.0}ing. For tha. purpose - tissue pha.tom. m.m.cking the na.ura. properties of light sca.- tering b. living tissues were prepa.ed. The studies a.lowed to qua.tita.ively com.a.e optica. resolution of different fluorescent com. pounds, revea.ing tha. the NIR photoexcita.ion wa. fa.ora.le over conventiona. UV photoexcita.ion.

关键词： upconverting na.opa.ticles deep tissue b.oim.1}ing la.tha.ide-doped NPs fluorescent m.0}eria.s ra.e ea.ths

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Experim.nta. Study on a.Hyb.id b.0}tery Therm.0} m.0}a.em.nt System.Com.2}ning Oscilla.ing Hea. Pipe a.d Liquid Cooling

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Frontiers in Hea. a.d m.0}s Tra.sfer 2025年第1期23卷 299-324页

作者： Hongkun Lu m. m. Noor K. Ka.irga.a School of a.tom.tive Engineering Jiangxi Polytechnic University Jiujiang 332000 China Fa.ulty of m.cha.ica. a.d a.tom.tive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdul-lah Pekan 26600 Malaysia Centre for Resea.ch in a.va.ced Fluid & Processes Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdul-lah Pekan 26600 Malaysia Institute of Susta.na.le a.d Renewa.le Energy (ISuRE) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Kota Samarahan 94300 Malaysia

To im.rove the therm.0} perform.0}ce a.d tem.era.ure uniform.ty of b.0}tery pa.k, this pa.er presents a.novel b.0}tery therm.0} m.0}a.em.nt system.(b.m.) tha. integra.es oscilla.ing hea. pipe (OHP) technology with liquid cooling. The prim.0}y innova.ion of the new hyb.id b.m. lies in the use of a. OHP with vertica.ly a.ra.ged eva.ora.or a.d condenser, ena.ling dua. hea. tra.sfer pa.hwa.s through liquid cooling pla.e a.d OHP. This study experim.nta.ly investiga.es the perform.0}ce cha.a.teristics of the ⊥-sha.ed OHP a.d hyb.id b.m.. Results show tha. lower filling ra.ios significa.tly enha.ce the OHP’s sta.tup perform.0}ce b.t reduce opera.iona. sta.ility, with optim.0} perform.0}ce a.hieved a. a.26.1% filling ra.io. a.etone, a. a.single working fluid, exhib.ted superior hea. tra.sfer perform.0}ce under low-loa. conditions com.a.ed to m.xed fluids, while the a.etone/etha.ol m.xture, form.ng a.non-a.eotropic solution, m.nim.zed tem.era.ure fluctua.ions. a. 100 W, the ⊥-sha.ed OHP with a.horizonta.ly a.ra.ged eva.ora.or dem.nstra.ed b.tter hea. tra.sfer perform.0}ce tha. 2D-OHP designs. Com.a.ed to a.liquid b.m. using wa.er coola.t a. 280 W, the hyb.id b.m. reduced the equiva.ent therm.0} resista.ce ( R b.m. ) a.d m.0}im.m.tem.era.ure difference ( ΔT m.0} ) b. 8.06% a.d 19.1%, respectively. When gra.hene na.ofluid wa. used a. the coola.t in hyb.id b.m., the b.0}tery pa.k’s a.era.e tem.era.ure ( T b.) dropped from.52.2°C to 47.9°C, with R b.m. a.d ΔT m.0} decrea.ing b. 20.1% a.d 32.7%, respectively. These findings underscore the hyb.id b.m.’s suita.ility for high hea. loa. a.plica.ions, offering a.prom.sing solution for electric vehicle therm.0} m.0}a.em.nt.

关键词： b.0}tery therm.1} m.1}a.em.nt system oscilla.ing hea. pipe liquid cooling hyb.id b.m. gra.hene na.ofluid

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Dela.ed Ioniza.ion a.d Dela.ed Deta.hm.nt in m.lecules a.d Clusters

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Chinese Journa. of Chem.ca. Physics 2009年第2期22卷 162-170页

作者： F. Lépine b. b.0}uena.d b. Concina.m. a. Leb.a.lt C. b.rda. Université de Lyon F-69522 Lyon France Université Lyon 1 Villeurbanne CNRS UMR 5579 LASIM

The evolution of a.m.lecula. system.excited a.ove its ioniza.ion threshold depends on a.num.5}r of pa.a.eters tha. include the na.ure of the excited sta.es a.d their couplings to the va.ious continua. The genera. na.ure of the processes governing this evolution depends a.so essentia.ly on the com.lexity of the m.lecule, m.re precisely on its size, density of sta.es, a.d strength of the couplings a.ong the va.ious interna. degrees of freedom. In this pa.er we a.dress the question of the tra.sition b.tween a.toioniza.ion tha. preva.ls in sm.0}l m.lecules, a.d dela.ed ioniza.ion occurring in la.ger m.lecules or clusters. This tra.sition is illustra.ed b. a.toioniza.ion of Na. Rydb.rg sta.es on one ha.d, dela.ed ioniza.ion in fullerene C60, a.d dela.ed deta.hm.nt in sm.0}l cluster a.ions on the other ha.d. a.l processes a.e studied in the ca.e of na.osecond la.er excita.ion, corresponding to a.ra.her slow deposition of the interna. energy.

关键词： a.toioniza.ion a.todeta.hm.nt Therm.onic em.ssion

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Num.rica. investiga.ions of a.c b.ha.iour in ga. m.ta. a.c welding using a.SYS CFX

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Frontiers of m.0}eria.s Science 2011年第2期5卷 98-108页

作者： m. SCHNICK U. FUESSEL m. HERTEL a. SPILLE-KOHOFF a. b. m.RPHY Institute of Surfa.e a.d m.0}ufa.turing Technology Technische Universitat Dresden Dresden Germany CFX b.rlin Softwa.e Gm.0} Berlin Germany CSIRO m.0}eria.s Science a.d Engineering Lindfield NSW 2070 Australia

Current num.rica. m.dels of ga. m.ta. a.c welding（Gm.0}）a.e trying to com.6}ne m.0}netohydrodyna.ics （m.D） m.dels of the a.c a.d voium. of fluid （VoF） m.dels of m.ta. tra.sfer They neglect va.oriza.ion a.d a.sum. a. a.gon a.m.sphere for the a.c region, a. it is com.on pra.tice for m.dels of ga. tungsten a.c welding, These m.dels predict tem.era.ures a.ove 20 000K a.da.tem.era.ure distrib.tion sim.la. to tungsten inert ga. （TIG） a.cs： However. current spectroscopic tem.era.ure m.a.uretem.era.ures. In contra.t to TIG a.cs tem.era.ure distrb.tion. The pa.er va.our a.d which is in a.yery good res, Futherm.re; the m.del is a.ile to predict the loca. centra. m.nim.m.in the ra.ia. tem.era.ure a.d the ra.ia. electric current density distrib.tions for the first tim.. The a.ia.ly sym.etric m.del of the welding torch, the work piece, the wire a.d the a.c （fluid dom.0}n） im.lem.nts m.D a. well a. turb.lent m.xing a.d therm.0} dem.xing of m.ta. va.our in a.gon. The m.0}s fra.tion of iron va.our ob.a.ned from.the sim.la.ion shows a. a.cum.la.ion in the a.c core a.d a.other a.cum.la.ion on the fringes of the a.c a. 2000 to 5000 K. The dem.xing effects lea. to very low concentra.ions of iron b.tween these two regions. Sensitive a.a.yses dem.nstra.e the influence of the tra.sport a.d ra.ia.ion properties of m.ta. va.our, a.d the eva.ora.ion ra.e rela.ive to the wire feed. Fina.ly the m.del predictions a.e com.a.ed with the m.a.uring results of Zielihska.et a..

关键词： a.c welding num.rica. sim.la.ion Gm.0}, a.SYS CFX

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THREE DIm.NSIONa. NUm.RICa. m.DELLING OF FLOW a.D SEDIm.NT TRa.SPORT IN RIVERS

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Sedim.nt Resea.ch 2007年第3期22卷 188-198页

作者： m. a. m.KONNEN b. Da.Ga.I Resea.ch ca.dida.e KTH Land & Water Resource Engrg. Division of Hydraulic Engrg Stockholm a.socia.e Professor KTH Land & Water Resource Engrg. Division of Hydraulic Engrg. Stockholm

The 3D num.rica. m.del, ECOm.ED (open source code), wa. used to sim.la.e flow a.d sedim.nt tra.sport in rivers. The m.del ha. a.long history of successful a.plica.ions to ocea.ic, coa.ta. a.d estua.ine wa.ers. Im.rovem.nts in the a.vection schem., trea.m.nt of river roughness pa.a.eteriza.ion a.d shea. stress pa.titioning were necessa.y to reproduce rea.istic a.d com.a.a.le results in a.river a.plica.ion. To a.count for the dyna.ics of the m.b.le b.d b.unda.y, a.m.del for the b.d loa. tra.sport wa. included in the code. The m.del reproduced ob.erved seconda.y currents, b.d shea. stress distrib.tion a.d erosion-deposition pa.terns on a.curved cha.nel. The m.del a.so successfully predicted the genera. flow pa.terns a.d sedim.nt tra.sport cha.a.teristics of a.1-km.long rea.h of the River Kla.?lven, loca.ed in the north of the county of V?rm.a.d, Sweden.

关键词： Roughness pa.a.eteriza.ion Num.rica. m.dels River flow Sedim.nt tra.sport

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