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Study on Tibetan Chicken embryonic adaptability to chronic hypoxia by revealing differential gene expression in heart tissue

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science china(Life sciences) 2009年第3期52卷 284-295页

作者： LI Mei & ZHAO ChunJiang college of animal {2. and technology,china agricultural university,Beijing 100193,china 1. college of animal {2. and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Oxygen concentration is essential for appropriate *** can exert a significant impact on physiological alteration of the cell and *** Chicken(Gallus gallus) is a Chinese indigenous breed inhabiting in Tibetan areas,which is also a chicken breed living at high altitude for the longest time in the *** has developed an adaptive mechanism to hypoxia,which is demonstrated by that Tibetan Chicken has much higher hatchability than low-land chicken breeds in high-altitude areas of *** the present study,Tibetan Chicken fertilized full sib eggs were incubated up to Hamburger-Hamilton stage 43 under 13% and 2.% oxygen concentration,*** Chicken and Dwarf Recessive White Chicken were used as control *** hearts in all of the 3 chicken breeds under hypoxic and normoxic conditions were isolated and hybridized to Genechip Chicken Genome Array to study molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptation to high altitude of Tibetan *** a result,50 transcripts highly expressed in hypoxia are screened *** up-regulated genes,some are involved in the gene ontology(GO) such as cell growth,cell difference,muscle contraction and signal ***,the expression levels of 2. transcripts are lower in hypoxia than those in *** down-regulated genes take part in cell communication,ion transport,protein amino acid phosphorylation and signal ***,gene enrichment analyses of these differential gene expressions are mainly associated with immune system response and ion channel activity in response to ***,the transcriptional expression profiles analyzed by hierarchical clustering and CPP-SOM software in all of the 3 different chicken breeds revealed that Tibetan Chicken is much closely related to Shouguang Chicken rather than Dwarf Recessive White *** addition,12.transcripts of Tibetan Chicken breed-specific expressed genes were identified,which seem to result in a more

关键词： adaptation chronic hypoxia gene chip chicken genome array Tibetan Chicken(Gallus gallus) differential gene expression

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yellow^0,a marker for low body weight in Drosophila melanogaster

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science china(Life sciences) 2009年第7期52卷 672-682页

作者： Li XinHai & Deng XueMei college of animal {2. and technology,china agricultural university,Beijing 100193,china 1. college of animal {2. and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Marker-assisted selection(MAS) is an important modern breeding technique,but it has been found that the effect of the markers for quantitative trait loci(QTL) is inconsistent,leading in some cases to MAS failure and raising doubts about its *** the model organism Drosophila melanogaster was employed to study whether an effective marker could be found and applied to *** crossed the stock carrying the y0 marker(a recessive mutation allele of the yellow gene on the X chromosome) with three other stocks carrying corresponding wild-type markers in an F2.design,and found that the y0 marker was in significant association with low body weight(P2. generations of marker-assisted introgression(MAI),and constructed the introgression stock y0(OR)2. in which body weight decreased by 13% and 7%,in female and male,respectively,compared to the wild stock(P2.,indicating that the QTL for low body weight is located within this less-than-1.5 cM *** characteristics of the y0 marker by PCR amplification and Southern blotting revealed that yellow gene was deficient in the y0 stock,leading to disappearance of melanin from the cuticle and probably influencing the developmental *** above results confirmed the existence of effective QTL markers applicable to MAS breeding schemes,and their potential application in breeding new stocks.

关键词： Drosophila low body weight yellow quantitative trait loci marker-assisted selection introgression

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Neuroglobin mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1419-1424页

作者： Zhang Lifan1, Liu Chong2. Lian Linsheng3, Zhao Chunjiang1, Bao Haigang1 and Wu Changxin1(1. college of animal {2. and technology, china agricultural university, Beijing 100094, china 2. college of Biological {2., china agricultural university, Beijing 100094, china 3. college of animal {2. and technology, Yunnan agricultural university, Kunming 6502.1, china) college of animal {2. and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China college of Biological science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China college of animal {2. and technology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 China

Globin protein family plays an important role in storing and transporting oxygen. As a newly reported globin, the revealed function of neuroglobin includes binding and storing oxygen as well as facilitating the utilization of oxygen in neuronal cells. In the present study, mutations in exons of chicken Ngb gene were identified with the method of sequencing and created restriction site PCR in Tibet chicken and other four lowland chicken breeds. The mutations of Lys-2.2.(E4)-Asn and Ser-2.79(E4)-Gly were identified in exon 4 of the gene. The Lys-2.2.(E4)-Asn mutation existed only in Tibet chicken and the mutation frequencies increased with increasing altitude. Analysis of the haplotype and diplotype of the two mutations in Tibet chicken populations of different altitudes showed that the frequencies of TG haplotype and TTGG diplotype also increased with increasing altitude, while the reverse tendency was found on GGAA diplotype. Under the hypoxic simulation incubation, the main haplotype was TG in living embryos and GA in dead embryos. The results showed that the Lys-2.2.(E4)-Asn mutation may be a specific mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken.

关键词： Tibet chicken neuroglobin hypoxia adaptation Ngb gene mutation.

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Effects of chemical activation and season on birth efficiency of cloned pigs

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science china(Life sciences) 2009年第7期52卷 657-664页

作者： MA YuFang1,2.LI Yan3,WEI HengXi1,LI QiuYan3,FANG Rui1,ZHAO Rui3,ZHANG Kun1,XUE Kai1,LOU YanKun1,DAI YunPing3,LIAN LinSheng2.& LI Ning1 1 State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology,college of Biological {2.s,china agricultural university,Beijing 100193,china 2.college of animal {2. and technology,china agricultural university,Beijing 100193,china 3 Beijing Genprotein Biotechnology Company,Beijing 100193,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China 2. college of animal {2. and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China 3. Beijing Genprotein Biotechnology Company Beijing 100193 China

The effects of chemical activation on birth efficiency of cloned pigs were studied by investigating the developmental process from porcine oocyte activation to birth of cloned *** different activation methods were used:(i) Electroporation(Ele);(ii) Ele followed by incubation with 6-dimethylaminopurine(6-DMAP);and(iii) Ele followed by a treatment with cycloheximide(CHX).In experiment 1,the rates of cleavage,developmental rates and cell number of porcine parthenogenetic(PA) embryos were investigated in the three treatment *** experiment 2.NT embryos produced by the three different activation treatments were compared for the rates of cleavage,development and cell ***,the effects of Ele and Ele+CHX activation methods on birth efficiency of cloned pigs were *** activated oocytes treated by combination activation generally showed a higher(P<0.05) blastocyst rate and produced more expanded blastocysts than oocytes activated with *** rates of cleavage and total cell number of parthenotes were not significantly *** embryos activated with 6-DMAP developed into blastocyst and expanded blastocyst stages at a significantly(P<0.05) higher rate than those treated with Ele,but the developmental capability was dramatically decreased in NT *** the CHX activation method,the NT embryo blastocyst rate was substantially(P<0.05) increased although the production of expanded blastocysts was not significantly different from that by the other two *** birth rate of cloned pigs increased in the CHX group,though the rate was not significantly different from *** effects of season on developmental rate of the porcine PA embryos and birth rate of cloned pigs were also examined in our *** oocytes collected in the spring had higher developmental capabilities than those collected in the ***,no difference in birth rate of the cloned pigs was found between the oocytes collected in the two *** re

关键词： parthenogenetic activation chemical activation nuclear transfer pig season

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Generation of fad2.transgenic mice that produce omega-6 fatty acids

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science china(Life sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 1048-1054页

作者： CHEN Qing1, LIU Qing2. WU ZhiFang1, WANG ZongYi3 & GOU KeMian1 1 State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, china agricultural university, Beijing {2., china 2.Blackmountain Laboratory, CSIRO Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia 3 college of animal science and technology, china agricultural university, Beijing {2., china 1. State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China 2. Blackmountain Laboratory CSIRO Plant Industry Canberra Australia 3. college of animal {2. and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Fatty acid desaturase-2.(FAD2. introduces a double bond in position 12.in oleic acid (18:1) to form linoleic acid (18:2.n-6) in higher plants and microbes. A new transgenic expression cassette, containing CMV promoter/fad2.cDNA/SV40 polyA, was constructedto produce transgenic mice. Among 63 healthy offspring, 10 founders (15.9%) integrated the cotton fad2.transgene into their genomes, as demonstrated by PCR and Southern blotting analysis. All founder mice were fertile and heterozygous fad2.female and nontransgenic littermates were used for fatty acid analysis using gas chromatography. One fad2.transgenic line showed substantial differences in the fatty acid profiles and the level of linoleic acid was increased 19% (P2.:4 n-6) in muscles and liver, compared to their nontransgenic littermates. The results indicate that the plant fad2.gene can be functionally expressed in transgenic mice and may playan active role in conversion of oleic acid into linoleic acid.

关键词： fatty acid desaturase FAD2 transgenic mouse oleic acid linoleic acid arachidonic acid

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Expression of the Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) hsp83 gene and its relation to oogenesis during ovarian maturation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2010年第8期37卷 513-522页

作者： Jingjing Xu 1, Juan Shu 1, Qin Zhang Key Laboratory of animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, college of animal science and technology, china agricultural university, Beijing 100193, china [a] Key Laboratory of animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Heat shock proteins （HSP） can protect organisms and cells from thermal damage. In this study, we cloned the full length cDNA encoding the HSP83 protein （the homologue of HSP90） of Tribolium castaneum（red flour beetle）. The isolated cDNA contains the full coding sequence, a partial 5＇ untranslated region of 55 bp and the complete 3＇ untranslated region. We found the hsp83 gene is located on chromosome 5 of the T. castaneum genome. The predicted HSP83 protein sequence has a high similarity （on average 86.77%） with that of other insect species. The expression of the hsp83 gene in the whole body and in the ovary could be induced with heat stress （40℃ for 1 h） in newly hatched （within 3 h post emergence） and mature （10 days post emergence） beetles. Under normal conditions, the hsp83 expression in the ovary is about 3-fold higher than in the whole body at both stages. No significant difference in hsp83 expression was observed between the two ovarian developmental stages regardless if the beetles were treated with heat shock or not. The expression of the HSP83 protein in the whole body could also be induced with heat stress in newly hatched and mature beetles. However, in the ovary, HSP83 was only expressed in the follicle cells of mature beetles and not in newly hatched beetles, regardless if the beetles were treated with heat shock or not. Furthermore, the females were not able to produce mature oocytes after knock-down of the hsp83 expression by injecting dsRNA. These results suggest that the HSP83 protein is involved in protection against heat stress and could be involved in oogenesis during ovarian maturation of T. castaneum.

关键词： hsp83 cDNA cloning Tribolium castaneum expression heat shock

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Boundary conditions for the bending of a piezoelectric beam

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第7期51卷 847-856页

作者： GAO Yang1, XU SiPeng2.& ZHAO BaoSheng3 1 college of science,{2., Beijing 100083, china 2.college of Engineering, Ocean university of china, Qingdao 2.6071, china 3 School of Mechanical Engineering, university of science and technology Liaoning, Anshan 114044, china 1. college of science China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China 2. college of Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266071 China 3. School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Liaoning Anshan 114044 China

For beam bending in transversely isotropic piezoelectric media, the reciprocal theorem and the general solution of piezoelasticity are applied in a novel way to obtain the appropriate stress and mixed boundary conditions accurate to all orders for the beam of general edge geometry and loadings. By generalizing the method developed by Gregory and Wan, a set of necessary conditions on the edge-data for the existence of a rapidly decaying solution is established. The prescribed edge-data of the beam must satisfy these conditions in order that they could generate a decaying state within the beam. When stress and mixed conditions are imposed on the beam edge, these decaying state conditions for the case of bending deformation of piezoelectric beam are derived explicitly. They are then used for the correct formulation of boundary conditions for the beam theory solution (or the interior solution). Besides, an analytical solution of elastic beam is formulated to verify validity of our boundary conditions. For the stress data, our boundary conditions coincide with those obtained in conventional forms of beam theories. More importantly, the appropriate boundary conditions with two sets of mixed edge-data are obtained for the first time.

关键词： boundary conditions beam bending piezoelectric media decaying states regular states

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Mixed boundary conditions for piezoelectric plates

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第5期52卷 755-761页

作者： GAO Yang 1 ,XU SiPeng 2.&ZHAO BaoSheng 3 1college of science,{2. agricultural university,Beijing 100083,{2. 2.0} of Engineering,Ocean university of china,Qingdao 2.6071,{2. 3 School of Mechanical Engineering,university of science and {12. of Liaoning,Anshan 114044,{2. college of science China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China college of Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266071 China School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology of Liaoning Anshan 114044 China

For plate bending and stretching problems in piezoelectric materials,the reciprocal theorem and the general solution of piezoelasticity are applied in a novel way to obtain the appropriate mixed boundary conditions accurate to all order.A decay analysis technique is used to establish necessary conditions that the prescribed data on the edge of the plate must satisfy in order that it should generate a decaying state within the *** the case of axisymmetric bending and stretching of a circular plate,these decaying state conditions are obtained explicitly for the first time when the mixed conditions are imposed on the plate *** are then used for the correct formulation of boundary conditions for the interior solution.

关键词： boundary conditions piezoelectric plates mixed data bending problems stretching problems

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Theoretical analysis of alloy multiplying factor by the empirical electron theory of solids and molecules

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science china(Technological sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 807-814页

作者： SONG YuePeng1,2. LIU GuoQuan2. LI ZhiLin3, FENG ChengMing1 1 Mechanical and Electronic Engineering college, Shandong agricultural {2., Tai’an 2.1018, china 2.college of Materials science and Engineering, {2. of science and technology, Beijing 100083, china 3 college of Material science and Engineering, Beijing {2. of Chemical technology, Beijing 10002., china Mechanical Electronic Engineering college Shandong Agricultural University Tai’an 271018 China college of Materials science Engineering University of Science technology Beijing 100083 China college of Material science Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

By introducing the distribution probability of structural units in austenite contain- ing alloying elements and considering its effects on phase transformation, this paper establishes a calculation model of distribution probability of structural units. A new valence electron structure (VES) parameter-transformation effect coefficient of alloying elements (HL), is defined and then studied both theoretically and ex- perimentally. The relationship between the parameter HL and the multiplying factor (the quenching capability factor) of alloying elements is studied. The results indi- cate that the two parameters (HL and the quenching capability factor) have the same variation characteristic and substance feature. Therefore, the multiplying factor virtually expresses the relative quantity of structural units in the alloying elements-containing austenite.

关键词： multiplying factor (the quenching capability factor), empirical electron theory of solids and molecules, transformation effect coefficient of alloying elements, structural units in austenite containing alloying elements

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The characteristics of arc beam shaping in hybrid plasma and laser deposition manufacturing

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science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 238-247页

作者： ZHANG Hai’ou1, QIAN Yingping1,3, WANG Guilan1 & ZHENG Qiguang2.1. School of Material science and technology, Huazhong {2. of science and technology, Wuhan 430074, china 2. Institute of Laser technology and Engineering, Huazhong {2. of science and technology, Wuhan 430074, china 3. Mechanical Engineering college, Hubei {2. of technology, Wuhan 430068, china 1. School of Material science and technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China 3. Mechanical Engineering college Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China 2. Institute of Laser technology and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China

As a new direct metal prototyping technology,the hybrid plasma and laser deposition manufacturing (PLDM) is proposed in this paper. In order to figure out the characteristics of plasma arc beam and mould in the PLDM process of high temperature alloy, the high speed CCD camera is used to obtain the picture around the plasma arc. Afterwards the sketch of picture is clearly obtained. And the effect of laser parameter, such as average power, pulse width, pulse repetition frequency and the angle between laser beam and plasma arc beam on the plasma arc appearance, is studied experimentally. The results show that the modality of plasma arc beam is markedly influenced by laser beam. And the improvements of shape precision and surface state of the layer deposited by PLDM are confirmed.

关键词： plasma hybrid laser, direct deposition, plasma arc beam, molding character, high-temperature alloy.

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