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Synthesis of Silica-Dispersed NiMo Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

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china petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2010年第4期12卷 18-22页

作者： Liu Di Liu Lihua Li Guangci Liu Chenguang (state key {2. of Heavy Oil Processing,CNPC key {2. of Catalysis, china university of petroleum,Qingdao 2.6555) china Univ Petr State Key Lab Heavy Oil Proc CNPC Key Lab Catalysis Qingdao 266555 Peoples R China

Silica-dispersed NiMo hydrodesulfurization catalysts were synthesized by the deposition-precipitation method. For comparative purposes, bulk NiMo catalysts were obtained by co-precipitation. The silica-dispersed NiMo catalyst had highly active metals content. Silica was employed to disperse active metals for full utilization of active components. The BET analysis showed that the silica-dispersed NiMo catalysts had a high surface area （147.0 m2.g） and pore volume （0.2. mL/g）, whereas the bulk NiMo catalysts exhibited a very low surface area （87.5 m2.g）. Transmission electron microscopy results proved that the active components were dispersed on the SiO2.substrate. X-ray diffraction patterns of the silicadispersed NiMo catalyst and the bulk NiMo catalyst were indexed to NiMoO4. The hydrodesulfurization activity of silicadispersed NiMo catalysts was much higher than that of reference catalysts and could be up to twice greater than those of commercial NiMo alumina-supported systems per gram of catalyst. The activity testing results also demonstrated that the silica-dispersed NiMo catalyst was an effective hydrodesulflarization catalyst.

关键词： hydrodesulfurization NiMo SiO2 Gel Surface area

Depth profiling of SBS/PET layered materials using step-scan phase modulation Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation analysis

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第5期53卷 1189-1193页

作者： LI BoBin & ZHANG PuDun state key {2. of Chemical resource Engineering Beijing university of Chemical Technology,Beijing 10002.,china 1. state key {2. of Chemical resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

This paper demonstrates the application of step-scan phase modulation Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy(FTIR-PAS) in non-destructively depth profiling of styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer/polyethylene terephthalate(SBS/PET) layered *** surface thicknesses of three layered samples were determined to be 1.2.4.3 and 9.4μm by using phase difference analysis,overcoming the spatial detection limits of *** with generalized two-dimensional(G2.) FTIR correlation analysis,the spatial origins of peaks in the SBS/PET spectrum are identified with those having overlapping peaks between different layers are resolved.

关键词： depth profiling FTIR photoacoustic step-scan two-dimensional correlation analysis layered materials

Study on Desulfurization of Gasoline by Electrochemical Oxidation and Extraction

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china petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2006年第4期8卷 47-53页

作者： Wang Wenbo1 Wang Shujun1 Liu Hongyan2.Wang Zhenxin1 (1 state key {2. of Heavy Oil Processing, china university of petroleum, Beijing 102.49 2.Faculty of Chemical Science and Engineering of china university of petroleum, Beijing 102.49) state key {2. of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Faculty of Chemical Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

In order to further reduce the sulfur content in gasoline, a new desulfurization process was proposed by using catalytic oxidation and extraction realized in an electrochemical fluidized reactor. The fluidized layer of loaded catalyst particles consisted of lead dioxide (PbO2. supported on activated carbon particles (PbO2.C) and the electrolyte was aqueous NaOH solution. The PbO2.C particle anodes could remarkably accelerate the electrochemical reaction rate and promote the electrochemical catalysis of sulfur compounds. The sulfur compounds were at first oxidized to sulfones or sulfoxides, which were then re- moved after extraction. The experimental results indicated that the optimal desulfurization conditions were as follows: The cell voltage was 3.2.V, the concentration of hydroxyl ions in electrolyte was 0.12.mol/L, and the feed rate was 300 mL/min. Under these conditions the concentration of sulfur in gasoline was reduced from 310 ppm to 70 ppm. Based on these experimental results, a mechanism of indirect electrochemically catalytic oxidation was proposed.

关键词： gasoline electrochemically catalytic oxidation desulfurization

EXPERIMENT OF IMPACT OF RIVER HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS ON NUTRIENTS PURIFICATION COEFFICIENT

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2007年第3期19卷 387-393页

作者： WANG Pei-fang WANG Xiao-rong WANG Chao state key {2. of Pollution Control and resource Reuse School of Environment Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China state key {2. of Hydrology-Water resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China key laboratory of Intergrated Regulation and {2. Development on Shallow Lakes College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China

Hydraulic characteristics of a river are the key factors for river water quality improvement and river restoration. A simulated river was exploited to study the interactions between water contaminant purification coefficients and the characteristics of the river, such as the cross-section velocity, water depth, Reynolds number, and Froude number. To enhance the purification capacity of the river, detritus with 5 mm to 10 mm in diameter and contact surface area per volume of 87.6 m^2.m^3 were constructed naturally at the bed and along one side of the bank to form half shape of the river cross-section. During the one-month experiment （including 3 periods） from the third of November to the fourth of December, 2.05, three categories of hydraulic conditions were investigated. Results show that the purification coefficient （K） of Total Nitrogen （TN） is closely coherent with the hydraulic retention time （T）, river length （L）, Reynolds number （Re） and Froude number （Fr）. The relationship of K and T generally agrees with the power law under the three experimental water hydraulic conditions. Based on these results, the optimal Re and Fr ranges can be obtain to serve as a guideline for ecological re-engineering design to improve river water quality and restore river ecosystem.

关键词： Hydraulic characteristics total nitrogen,purification coefficient interaction simulated river

Synthesis of ZnS from organic sulfur in petroleum coke and its photocatalysis properties

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petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 268-272页

作者： Zheng Yanjun Wang Xudong Cui Lishan state key {2. of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Technical Department Construction Division Offshore Oil Engineering Co. Ltd Mailbox 595 Tianjin 300452 China

Organic sulfur in high sulfur petroleum coke was treated as the S source for synthesis of ZnS photocatalyst. Experimental results showed that with ball milling and subsequent heating treatment, ZnS compound could be successfully synthesized and showed considerable photocatalysis activity for decomposing industrial pollutants. The concentration of methyl orange or ethylene blue may be lowered to less than 5% after being decomposed by the synthesized-ZnS photocatalysis. Results of this study suggested a potential technique of turning high sulfur petroleum cokes from industrial wastes into useful products for environment improvement.

关键词： petroleum coke photocatalysis ZnS ball milling high-sulfur

Positive Darwinian selection in human population:A review

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第10期53卷 1457-1467页

作者： WU DongDong1,3 & ZHANG YaPing1,2.1 state key {2. of Genetic resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 6502.3, china 2.{2. for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan university, Kunming 650091, china 3 Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, china state key {2. of Genetic resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

This paper reviews a large number of genes under positive Darwinian selection in modern human populations, such as brain development genes, immunity genes, reproductive related genes, perception receptors. The research on the evolutionary property of these genes will provide important insight into human evolution and disease mechanisms. With the increase of population genetics and comparative genomics data, more and more evidences indicate that positive Darwinian selection plays an indispensable role in the origin and evolution of human beings. This paper will also summarize the methods to detect positive selection, analyze the interference factors faced and make suggestions for further research on positive selection.

关键词：自然选择积极选择达尔文进化论人类学种群遗传

Molecular evolution of stress-response gene Leptin in high-altitude Chinese snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus genus)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第36期55卷 4132-4135页

作者： WANG XiaoPing1,2. JIN Wei1,2. YU Li1,2.& ZHANG YaPing1,2.1 laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan {2., Kunming 650091, china 2.state key laboratory of Genetic resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 6502.3, china laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China state key {2. of Genetic resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China

Chinese snub-nosed monkeys (genus Rhinopithecus, subfamily Colobinae), including R. bieti, R. brelichi and R. roxellana, are well-known as the non-human primates with the highest known altitudinal distribution. They represent an interesting model organism of adaptation to the extreme environmental stresses. However, no study at the molecular level has yet been reported for the high-altitude adaptation in Chinese snub-nosed monkeys. Leptin, as an adipocyte-derived hormone, is believed to play an important role in energy homeostasis in adaptation to high altitude environments. In the present study, we sequenced and compared leptin sequences of the Chinese snub-nosed monkeys (R. bieti and R. roxellana) with their lowland close relative R. avunculus and other Colobines. Unexpectedly, no amino acid changes were observed in the 7 Colobinae species examined, including the 2.Chinese snub-nosed monkeys, indicating no difference in the evolutionary pattern of the Leptin gene between high-altitude monkeys and their lowland counterparts. In contrast to a previous finding of adaptive evolution of Leptin gene in plateau pikas, our study suggests that this gene may not have an important role in high-altitude adaptation of Chinese snub-nosed monkeys. Other nuclear genes associated with energy metabolism, or mitochondrial genes, are most likely to be involved the molecular mechanism underlying adaptation of these monkeys to cold and hypoxia associated with the highland environment.

关键词： Leptin基因金丝猴属瘦素基因压力反应分子进化高空鼻极端环境

Hydrocarbon enrichment characteristics and difference analysis in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the Tarim Basin

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petroleum Science 2010年第2期7卷 201-210页

作者： Jiang Zhenxue Pang Xiongqi Yang Haijun Li Zhuo Xiang Caifu Gu Qiaoyuan state key {2. of petroleum resources and prospecting Beijing 102249 China Basin and ReservoirResearch Center China University＂ of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Exploration and Development Institute of the Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla Xinjiang 841000 China

The reservoirs in the TZ1-TZ4 well block of the Tarim Basin are complex, and the hydrocarbon enrichment shows differences. The three Carboniferous oil layers are characterized by ＂oil in the upper and lower layers and gas in the middle＂ in profile and ＂oil in the west and gas in the east＂ in plane view. In order to discuss the complex reservoir accumulation mechanisms, based on the petroleum geology and reservoir distribution, we studied the generation history of source rocks, the fault evolution and sealing, the accumulation periods and gas washing, and reconstructed the accumulation process of the TZ1-TZ4 well block. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon enrichment differences of oil layers CIII, CII and CI were caused by multiple sources and multi-period hydrocarbon charging and adjustment. The CII was closely related to CIII, but CI was formed by reservoir adjustment during the Yanshan period and was not affected by gas washing after it was formed. During the Himalayan period, different degrees of gas washing in the east and west led to hydrocarbon enrichment differences on the plane. The Carboniferous accumulation process of two-stage charging and one-stage adjustment is summarized： oil charging during the late Hercynian period is the first accumulation period of CIII and CII; oil reservoirs were adjusted into CI in the Yanshan period; finally gas washing in the Himalayan period is the second accumulation period of CIII and CII, but CI was not affected by gas washing. This complex accumulation process leads to the hydrocarbon enrichment differences in the TZ1-TZ4 well block.

关键词： Tarim Basin enrichment difference multi-source and multi-period charging accumulation process

Control of facies and fluid potential on hydrocarbon accumulation and prediction of favorable Silurian targets in the Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin,china

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petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 24-33页

作者： Yu Yixing Chen Dongxia Pang Hong Shi Xiuping Pang Xiongqi state key {2. of petroleum resources and prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China

Exploration practices show that the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tazhong Uplift is extremely *** research indicates that the oil and gas accumulation is controlled by favorable facies and low fluid *** the macro level,hydrocarbon distribution in this uplift is controlled by structural zones and sedimentary *** the micro level,oil occurrences are dominated by lithofacies and petrophysical *** control of facies is embodied in high porosity and permeability controlling hydrocarbon ***,the macro oil and gas distribution in the uplift is also influenced by the relatively low fluid potential at local highs,where most successful wells are *** wells are also closely related to the adjacent ***,the Silurian hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism in the Tazhong Uplift can be described as *** by structures,the deep and overpressured fluids migrated through faults into the sand bodies with relatively low potential and high porosity and *** released overpressure expelled the oil and gas into the normal-pressured zones,and the hydrocarbon was preserved by the overlying caprock of poorly compacted Carboniferous and Permian *** a mechanism reflects favorable facies and low potential controlling hydrocarbon *** on the statistical analysis of the reservoirs and commercial wells in the uplift,a relationship between oil-bearing property in traps and the facies-potential index was established,and a prediction of two favorable targets was made.

关键词： Tazhong Uplift Silurian control of facies fluid potential oil and gas prediction