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Intraoperative pancreas stum. perfusion assessm.nt during pancreaticoduodenectom.:A system.tic scoping review

世界胃肠外科杂志:英文版(电子版) 2023年第8期15卷 1799-1807页

作者： Francis P Robertson Harry V m.Spiers Wei Boon Lim.Benjam.n Loveday keith Roberts Sanjay Pandanaboyana Departm.nt of HPB and Transplant Surgery Freeman HospitalNewcastle Upon Tyne NE77DNUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of HPB Surgery Addenbrookes HospitalCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of General Surgery Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourne VIC 3050Australia Departm.nt of HPB Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham BG152GWUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Post-operative pancreatic fistula(POPF)is the prim.ry cause of m.rbidity following *** of POPF have rem.ined high despite well known risk *** theory that hypoperfusion of the pancreatic stum. leads to anastom.tic failure has recently gained *** To define the published literature with regards to intraoperative pancreas perfusion assessm.nt and its correlation with *** A system.tic search of available literature was perform.d in Novem.er *** extracted included study characteristics,m.thod of assessm.nt of pancreas stum. perfusion,POPF and other post-pancreatic surgery specific *** Five eligible studies com.rised two prospective non-random.sed studies and three case reports,total 156 *** studies used indocyanine green fluorescence angiography to assess the pancreatic stum.,with the rem.ining study assessing pancreas perfusion by visual inspection of arterial bleeding of the pancreatic *** was significant heterogeneity in the definition of *** had a com.ined POPF rate of 12%;intraoperative perfusion assessm.nt revealed hypoperfusion was present in 39%of patients who developed *** rate of POPF was 11%in patients with no evidence of hypoperfusion and 13%in those with evidence of hypoperfusion,suggesting that not all hypoperfusion gives rise to POPF and further analysis is required to analyse if there is a clinically relevant cut *** variance in practice was seen in the pancreatic stum. m.nagem.nt once hypoperfusion was *** The current published evidence around pancreas perfusion during pancreaticoduodenectom. is of poor *** does not support a causative link between hypoperfusion and *** well-designed prospective studies are required to investigate this.

关键词： Pancreatico-duodenectom. Post-operative pancreatic fistula Perfusion Indocyanine green Post pancreatectom. pancreatitis

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Classifying coke using CT scans and landm.rk m.ltidim.nsional scaling

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2023年第1期10卷 160-172页

作者： keith Nesbitt Fayeem.Aziz m.rrick m.honey Stephan Chalup Bishnu P.Lam.chhane School of Inform.tion and Physical Sciences Universityof NewcastleCallaghanNSWAustralia

One factor that lim.ts developm.nt of fundam.ntal research on the infuence of coke m.crostructure on its strength is the difculty in quantifying the way that m.crostructure is both classifed and distributed in three *** support such fundam.ntal studies,this study evaluated a novel volum.tric approach for classifying sm.ll(approx.450μm.(3))blocks of coke m.crostructure from.3D com.uted tom.graphy *** autom.ted process for classifying m.crostructure blocks was *** is based on Landm.rk m.lti-Dim.nsional Scaling and uses the Bhattacharyya m.tric and k-m.ans *** approach was evaluated using 27 coke sam.les across a range of coke with diferent properties and reliably identifed 6 ordered class of coke m.crostructure based on the distribution of voxel intensities associated with structural *** lower class(1–2)subblocks tend to be dom.nated by pores and thin ***,there is an increase in wall thickness and reduced pore sizes in the higher *** features are also likely to be seen in higher classes(5–6).In general,this approach provides an efcient autom.ted m.ans for identifying the 3D spatial distribution of m.crostructure in CT scans of coke.

关键词： Coke m.crostructure Clustering Classifcation Com.uter tom.graphy

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A deep convolutional neural network for real-tim. full profile analysis of big powder diffraction data

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npj Com.utational m.terials 2021年第1期7卷 671-679页

作者： Hongyang Dong keith T.Butler Dorota m.tras Stephen W.T.Price Yaroslav Odarchenko Rahul Khatry Andrew Thom.son Vesna m.ddelkoop Sim.n D.m.Jacques Andrew m.Beale Antonis Vam.akeros Departm.nt of Chem.stry University College London20 Gordon StreetLondon WC1H 0AJUnited Kingdom Scim. Scientific Computer DivisionSTFCRutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell OX110QXUnited Kingdom Finden Lim.ted Merchant House5 East St Helens StreetAbingdon OX145EGUnited Kingdom National Physical Laboratory Hampton RoadTeddington TW110LWUnited Kingdom Flem.sh Institute for Technological Research VITO NVBoeretang 200Mol 2400Belgium Research Com.lex at Harwell Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOX110FA OxfordshireUnited Kingdom Present address:Diam.nd Light Source Harwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotOxfordshire OX110DEUnited Kingdom Present address:The Faraday Institution Quad OneHarwell Science and Innovation CampusOX110RA OxfordshireUnited Kingdom

We present Param.ter Quantification Network(PQ-Net),a regression deep convolutional neural network providing quantitative analysis of powder X-ray diffraction patterns from.m.lti-phase *** network is tested against sim.lated and experim.ntal datasets of increasing com.lexity with the last one being an X-ray diffraction com.uted tom.graphy dataset of a m.lti-phase Ni-Pd/CeO_(2)-ZrO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3) catalytic m.terial system.consisting of ca.20,000 diffraction *** is shown that the network predicts accurate scale factor,lattice param.ter and crystallite size m.ps for all phases,which are com.arable to those obtained through full profile analysis using the Rietveld m.thod,also providing a reliable uncertainty m.asure on the *** m.in advantage of PQNet is its ability to yield these results orders of m.gnitude faster showing its potential as a tool for real-tim. diffraction data analysis during in situ/operando experim.nts.

关键词： network powder analysis

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Lym.hoepithelial cysts of the pancreas:a m.nagem.nt dilem.a

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2014年第5期13卷 539-544页

作者： Julie m.rtin keith J Roberts m.ria Sheridan Gavin A Falk Daniel Joyce R m.tthew Walsh Andrew m.Sm.th Gareth m.rris-Stiff Departm.nts of Pancreatic Surgery St James's University Hospital Departm.nts of Radiology St James's University Hospital Departm.nt of General Surgery Section of Surgical Oncology/HPB Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Pancreatic lym.hoepithelial cysts（LECs） are rare,benign lesions that are typically unexpected post-operative pathological findings. We aim.d to review clinical, radiological and pathological features of LECs that m.y allow their preoperative diagnosis. Histopathology databases of two large pancreatic units were searched to identify LECs and notes reviewed to determ.ne patient dem.graphic details, m.de of presentation, investigations, treatm.nt and outcom.. Five m.le and one fem.le patients were identified. Their m.dian age was 60 years. Lesions were identified on com.uted tom.graphy perform.d for abdom.nal pain in two patients, and were incidentally observed in four patients. Five LECs were located in the tail and one in the body of the pancreas, with a m.dian cyst size of 5 cm. Obtaining cyst fluid was difficult and a largely acellular aspirate was yielded. The pre-operative diagnosis was m.cinous cystic neoplasm.in all patients. This series of patients were treated distal pancreatectom. and splenectom.. A retrospective review of radiological exam.nations suggested that LECs have a relatively low signal on T2 im.ging and a high signal intensity on T1 weighted im.ges. LECs appear m.re com.on in elderly m.les, and are typically incidental, large, unilocular cysts. Close attention to signal intensity on m.I m.y allow preoperative diagnosis of these lesions.

关键词： lym.hoepithelial cyst pancreas

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Rock1 Inhibitor Abrogates Chronic Rejection in Rat Cardiac m.del System

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Open Journal of Organ Transplant Surgery 2012年第4期2卷 46-51页

作者： Li Zhang m.lgorzata Kloc Neelam.Tejpal Junping You Andrea m. Cordero-Reyes keith A. Youker Rafik m. Ghobrial Departm.nt of Surgery The Methodist Hospital The m.thodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center Houston TX USA

Background: We have shown previously that the abrogation of acute and chronic rejection of rat cardiac allografts occurs through the down-regulation of RhoA pathway and involves the changes in RhoA kinase (ROCK)-dependent actin cytoskeleton and T cell m.tility. Here we studied the ability of the Y-27632, a highly selective inhibitor of Rho-associated protein kinase p160ROCK (ROCK1), to abrogate chronic rejection of the allograft and influence T cell infiltration. m.thods: Heterotopic cardiac transplants were perform.d between donor Wistar Furth (WF) and ACI recipient rats. Controls received sub-therapeutic dose of cyclosporine (CsA, 10 m./kg) for 3 days or 7 days therapeutic dose of cyclosporine. The experim.ntal groups of ACI recipient received one preoperative dose of the Y-27632 inhibitor (2 m./kg, gavage feed) in conjunction with the sub-therapeutic dose of CsA for 3 days or inhibitor alone for 7 days. The cardiac grafts were harvested at 100 days of post-transplantation for histological and im.unohistochem.cal assessm.nt of chronic rejection, vascular sclerosis, and infiltration by different T cell subtypes. Results: Cardiac allografts from.recipients exposed to Y-27632 inhibitor in conjunction with sub-therapeutic dose of CsA showed drastically reduced vascular sclerosis, m.nim.l m.ocardial total cellular infiltration, and were selectively infiltrated with Foxp3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells. Conclusions: Our novel finding that a single dose of the ROCK1 inhibitor Y-27632 attenuates chronic rejection in rat cardiac m.del system.by prom.ting developm.nt of Treg cells warrants its potential as a novel therapeutic agent specific for the inhibition of chronic rejection.

关键词： Chronic Rejection Transplantation ROCK1 RhoA T Cell

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Im.ediate and long-term.effects of invasive plant species on soil characteristics

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第3期4卷 276-288页

作者： Irene m.Unger Robert J.Krem.r Kristen S.Veum.keith W.Goyne Departm.nt of Biology and Chem.stry Baker UniversityP.O.Box 65Baldwin CityKS 66006USA School of Natural Resources University of m.ssouri 302 ABNR Bldg.ColumbiaMO 65211USA USDA-ARS Cropping Systems and Water Quality UnitUniversity of Missouri302 ABNR Bldg.ColumbiaMO 65211USA Departm.nt of Forest Resources and Environm.ntal Conservation Virginia Tech324 Cheatham HallBlacksburgVA 24061USA

Invasive plant species m.y alter soil characteristics or interact with the soil m.crobial com.unity resulting in a com.etitive *** objectives were to determ.ne:i)if invasive plant species alter soil properties;and ii)the long-term.effects of invasive plant species on soil properties and subsequent im.lications on ecological restoration *** focused on Lespedeza cuneata,a plant that m.y be *** sam.les were collected from.four locations in Central m.ssouri,USA:an old-field with abundant ***,two reconstructed sites,and a rem.ant prairie that has never been *** health indictors were used to characterize soil properties at these *** every soil property differed significantly between the unplowed prairie reference site and the other three *** reconstructed sites,however,generally did not differ from.the invaded *** results indicate that the reconstructed prairies are not fully *** above-ground traits,such as the plant com.unity structure,appear sim.lar to the prairie,the soil m.crobial com.unity structure still resem.les that of an invaded old-field *** results indicate that m.re tim. m.y be needed before soil m.crobial populations fully recover after invasive plant rem.val.

关键词： Sericea lespedeza Legacy effects Soil m.croorganism.

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Recurrence and survival following m.crowave, radiofrequency ablation, and hepatic resection of colorectal liver m.tastases: A system.tic review and network m.ta-analysis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2021年第4期20卷 307-314页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis keith J Roberts Nicola de’Angelis Luca Aldrighetti Robert P Sutcliffe Departm.nt of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustB152THUnited Kingdom Departm.nt of Digestive Surgery University Hospital Henri Mondor(AP-HP)94010 Créteil and University of Paris EstCréteilFrance Division of Hepatobiliary surgery San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan 20132Italy

Background: Gold standard for colorectal liver m.tastases(CRLm. rem.ins hepatic resection(HR). However, patients with severe com.rbidities, unresectable or deep-situated resectable CRLm.are candidates for ablation. The aim.of the study was to com.are recurrence rate and survival benefit of the m.crowave ablation(m.A), radiofrequency ablation(RFA) and HR by conducting the first network m.ta-analysis. Data sources: System.tic search of the literature was conducted in the electronic databases. Both updated traditional and network m.ta-analyses were conducted and the results were com.ared between them. Results: HR cohort dem.nstrated significantly less local recurrence rate and better 3-and 5-year diseasefree(DFS) and overall survival(OS) com.ared to m.A and RFA cohorts. HR cohort included significantly younger patients and with significantly lower preoperative carcinoem.ryonic antigen(CEA) by 10.28 ng/m.L com.ared to RFA cohort. Subgroup analysis of local recurrence and OS of solitary and ≤3 cm.CRLm. did not dem.nstrate any discrepancies when com.ared with the whole sam.le. Conclusions: For resectable CRLm.the treatm.nt of choice still rem.ins HR. m.A and RFA can be used as a single or adjunct treatm.nt in patients with unresectable CRLm.and/or prohibitive com.rbidities.

关键词： m.crowave ablation Radiofrequency ablation Hepatic resection Liver resection

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Transepithelial leak in Barrett's esophagus patients: The role of proton pum. inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第22期18卷 2793-2797页

作者： Christopher Farrell m.lissa m.rgan Owen Tully Kevin Wolov keith Kearney Benjam.n Ngo Giancarlo m.rcogliano Jam.s J Thornton m.ry Carm.n Valenzano Jam.s m.m.llin Division of Gastroenterology Lankenau Hospital Wynnewood PA 19096 United States Lankenau Institute for m.dical Research Wynnewood PA 19096 United States

AIm. To determ.ne if the observed paracellular sucrose leak in Barrett＇s esophagus patients is due to their pro- ton pum. inhibitor （PPI） use. m.THODS： The in vivo sucrose perm.ability test was adm.nistered to healthy controls, to Barrett＇s patients and to non-Barrett＇s patients on continuous PPI thera- py. Degree of leak was tested for correlation with pres- ence of Barrett＇s, use of PPIs, and length of Barrett＇s segm.nt and duration of PPI use. RESULTS： Barrett＇s patients m.nifested a near 3-fold greater, upper gastrointestinal sucrose leak than healthy controls. A decrease of sucrose leak was ob- served in Barrett＇s patients who ceased PPI use for 7 *** initial introduction of PPI use （in a PPI-na＇ive population） results in dram.tic increase in sucrose leak, long-term. continuous PPI use m.nifested a slow spon- taneous decline in leak. The sucrose leak observed in Barrett＇s patients showed no correlation to the am.unt of Barrett＇s tissue present in the esophagus. CONCLUSION： Although future research is needed to determ.ne the degree of paracellular leak in actual Barrett＇s m.cosa, the relatively high degree of leak ob- served with in vivo sucrose perm.ability m.asurem.nt of Barrett＇s patients reflects their PPI use and not their Barrett＇s tissue perse.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Sucrose Tight junc-tion Paracellular, Om.prazole Proton pum. inhibitor Transepithelial

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m.terial transport in dip-pen nanolithography

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Frontiers of physics 2014年第3期9卷 385-397页

作者： keith A. Brown Daniel J. Eichelsdoerfer Xing Liao Shu He Chad A. m.rkin Departm.nt of Chem.stry Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA International Institute for Nanotechnology Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA

Dip-pen *** （DPN） is a useful m.thod for directly printing m.terials on surfaces with sub-50nm.resolution. Because it, involves the physical transport of m.terials from.a scanning probe tip to a surface and the subsequent chem.cal interaction of that m.terial with the surface, there are m.ny factors to consider when attem.ting to understand DPN. In this review, we overview the physical and chem.cal processes that are known to play a role in DPN, Through a detailed review of the literature, we classify inks into three general categories based on their transport properties, and highlight the m.riad ways that. DPN can be used to perform.chem.stry at the tip of a scanning probe.

关键词： dip-pen nanolithography scanning probe lithography m.terials transport

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m.lecular m.chanism. of viral hepatitis induced hepatocellular carcinom.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第38期26卷 5759-5783页

作者： Sim.one D'souza keith CK Lau Carla S Coffin Trushar R Patel Departm.nt of m.crobiology Immunologyand Infectious DiseasesCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgary T2N 1N4ABCanada Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Biochem.stry Alberta RNA Research and Training InstituteUniversity of LethbridgeLethbridge T1K3M4ABCanada

Chronic infection with viral hepatitis affects half a billion individuals worldwide and can lead to cirrhosis,cancer,and liver *** cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-associated m.rtality,of which hepatocellular carcinom.(HCC)represents 90%of all prim.ry liver *** tum.rs like HCC are com.lex and have heterogeneous tum.r genom.c profiles contributing to com.lexity in diagnosis and *** infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis delta virus(HDV),and hepatitis C virus(HCV)are the greatest etiological risk factors for *** to the significant role of chronic viral infection in HCC developm.nt,it is im.ortant to investigate direct(viral associated)and indirect(im.une-associated)m.chanism. involved in the pathogenesis of *** m.chanism. used by HBV,HCV,and HDV that drive hepatocarcinogenesis include persistent liver inflam.ation with an im.aired antiviral im.une response,im.une and viral protein-m.diated oxidative stress,and deregulation of cellular signaling pathways by viral *** integration to prom.te genom. instability is a feature of HBV infection,and m.tabolic reprogram.ing leading to steatosis is driven by HCV *** current review aim. to provide a brief overview of HBV,HCV and HDV m.lecular biology,and highlight specific viral-associated oncogenic m.chanism. and com.on m.lecular pathways deregulated in HCC,and current as well as em.rging treatm.nts for HCC.

关键词： Chronic viral infection Hallm.rks of cancer Hepatocellular carcinom. Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis delta virus co-infection m.lecular m.chanism. Viral hepatitis

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