Deforestation, Agrarian Reform and Oil Development in Ecuador, 1964-1994

作     者：Robert Wasserstrom Douglas Southgate 

作者机构：Department of Agricultural Environmental and Development Economics Ohio State University Columbus USA Terra Group Hershey Pennsylvania USA 

出 版 物：《Natural Resources》 (自然资源（英文）)

年 卷 期：2013年第4卷第1期

页      面：31-44页

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 100214[医学-肿瘤学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Ecuador Deforestation Oil Development Agrarian Reform Colonization 

摘      要：Recent biodiversity research in the Western Amazon has emphasized the linkages among road construction, deforestation and loss of indigenous lands. Many observers have concluded that hydrocarbon production inevitably means destruction of forests and expropriation of native territory. Yet evidence from the eastern lowlands of Ecuador (known as the Oriente) shows that oil can be developed without roads or harmful impacts. The Oriente also provides another contrasting case: in areas where no oil was discovered, the government often built roads to support its agricultural colonization efforts. In these areas, a great deal of deforestation and indigenous displacement occurred. Such evidence suggests that a different set of agrarian and environmental policies might permit oil activity without loss of rain forest or indigenous territory.