Androgen and estrogen receptors in placental physiology and dysfunction
Androgen and estrogen receptors in placental physiology and dysfunction作者机构：Department of Biomedical Sciences Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory Colorado State University. 1683 Campus deliveryFort Collins CO 80523-1683 USA
出 版 物：《Frontiers in Biology》 (生物学前沿（英文版）)
年 卷 期：2018年第13卷第5期
页 面：315-326页
核心收录：
学科分类：0710[理学-生物学] 071010[理学-生物化学与分子生物学] 081704[工学-应用化学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0817[工学-化学工程与技术]
主 题：Placenta ESR AR preeclampsia IUGR PCOS
摘 要：BACKGROUND： The placenta is recognized as an endocrine organ, largely due to its secretions of steroid hormones, including progesterone, androgens, and estrogens. Steroid hormones play an essential role in the progression of pregnancy, fetal development, and growth. Furthermore, steroids are necessary for establishment and maintenance of a normal pregnancy, preparing the endometrium for implantation, stimulating endometrial secretions, and regulating uterine blood flow, however the exact mechanism of sex steroid signaling through their receptors in placental function is unknown. OBJECTIVE： In this review, we will provide an overview of the current knowledge on sex steroid receptors in normal placental development, as well as evidence of abnormal signaling associated with placental dysfunction. METHODS： A systematic literature search was performed using the NCBI PubMed search engine, including the following key works： estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, placenta, placental development, cytotrophoblast, and differentiation. RESULTS： Of the over 700 articles that were returned, 125 studies focused on estrogen and androgen receptors in human placenta development and function during normal and abnormal pregnancy, as well as in rodents and ruminants placentae. CONCLUSION： Receptors for both estrogens and androgens have been localized within the mammalian placenta, but surprisingly little is known about their signaling in trophoblast cell differentiation and function. An emerging picture is developing in which estrogen receptors possibly play role in cytotrophoblast proliferation and extravillous trophoblast invasion, whereas androgen receptors are involved in syncytiotrophoblast differentiation and function.
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