Biological consequences of global change for birds

作     者：Anders Pape MØLLER 

作者机构：Department of EcologySystematics and EvolutionUniversity Paris-SouthOrsay CedexFrance 

出 版 物：《Integrative Zoology》 (整合动物学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2013年第8卷第2期

页      面：136-144页

核心收录：

学科分类：08[工学] 080502[工学-材料学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：climate change direct effects global change indirect effects interactions 

摘      要：Climate is currently changing at an unprecedented rate;so also human exploitation is rapidly changing the Earth for agriculture,forestry,fisheries and *** addition,pollution has affected even the most remote ecosystems,as has the omnipresence of humans,with consequences in particular for animals that keep a safe distance from potential predators,including human ***,all of these changes are occurring simultaneously,with increasing intensity,and further deterioration in both the short and the long-term is *** the consequences of these components of global change are relatively well studied on their own,the effects of their interactions,such as the combined effects of climate change and agriculture,or the combined effects of agriculture through nutrient leakage to freshwater and marine ecosystems and fisheries,and the effects of climate change and urbanization,are poorly ***,I provide a brief overview of the effects of climate change on phenology,diversity,abundance,interspecific interactions and population dynamics of birds.I address whether these effects of changing temperatures are direct,or indirect through effects of climate change on the phenology,distribution or abundance of food,parasites and ***,I review interactions between different components of global change.