Biomineralization of organic matter in cobalt-rich crusts from the Marcus–Wake Seamounts of the western Pacific Ocean

作     者：ZHAO Jun ZHANG Haisheng WU Guanghai LU Bing PULYAEVA Irina A ZHANG Haifeng PANG Xuehui 

作者机构：Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and BiogeochemistrySecond Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration State Scientific Centre YuzhmorgeologiaGelendzhik 353461 Russia School of Chemistry and Engineering University of Jinan 

出 版 物：《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 (海洋学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2014年第33卷第12期

页      面：67-74页

核心收录：

学科分类：0709[理学-地质学] 070901[理学-矿物学、岩石学、矿床学] 07[理学] 08[工学] 0824[工学-船舶与海洋工程] 

基　　金：The National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under contract Nos 41076072 and 40676025 the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation under contract No.ZR2011EMQ010 

主　　题：ubiomineralization cobalt-rich crust biomarker Marcus-Wake Seamounts 

摘      要：Organic matter in cobalt-rich crust （CRC） from the Marcus-Wake Seamounts of the western Pacific Ocean, Sample CM1D03, has been analyzed to understand the source, geochemistry and mineralization of organic matter, and the mineralization environment. Biomarkers, includingn-alkanes, isoprenoids, terpanes and sterols, have been detected in various layers of the CRC sample, using gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The content of organic carbon （OC） and its stable isotope （δ13C）, and the combined features of the biomarkers show that the mineralized organic matter in CM1D03 CRC was mainly derived from microorganisms and lower plankton （e.g., bacteria and algae, respectively） from marine surface water, with some terrestrial higher plant components. The ratio of chloroform bitu-men ＂A＂： OC was high in the CRC, between 10.51 and 20.66, showing significant migration characteristics of n-alkanes. Four mineralization categories of organic matter were recognized based on GC chromatograms ofn-alkane molecules： （1） primitive type （bacteria and algae）, which is characterized by moderately mature ofn-alkanes preserving the original characteristics of the organic matter from microorganisms and lower plankton; （2） microbial degradation type, which is characterized by low contents ofn-alkanes and rising baseline in the chromatogram, with the ＂bulge＂ being the products of organic matter by biodegradation; （3） organic matter migration type, which is characterized by low carbon number ofn-alkanes withnC18 as the main peak carbon, without odd even predominance, and low concentrations of isoprenoids and hydro-carbons with high carbon number; and （4） organic matter hydrothermal type, which is characterized by relatively low concentration of small molecular weightn-alkanes, pristane, and phytane, accompanied by higher concentration ofn-alkanes with carbon number greater thannC18. This study shows that biomarkers can record controlling factors of mineraliz