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Unsynchronized butyrophilin molecules dictate cancer cell evasion of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell killing

Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 362-373页

作者： Zeguang Wu Qiezhong Lamao Meichao Gu Xuanxuan Jin Ying Liu Feng Tian Ying Yu Pengfei Yuan Shuaixin Gao Thomas S.Fulford Adam P.Uldrich Catherine C.L Wong Wensheng Wei Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking University Genome Editing Research CenterState Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene ResearchSchool of Life SciencesPeking University100871BeijingChina EdiGene Inc. Life Science ParkChangping District102206BeijingChina Center for Precision Medicine Multi-Omics Research Peking University Health Science CenterPeking University100191BeijingChina Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC3010Australia Cancer Immunology Program Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVICAustralia State Key Laboratory for Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesClinical Research InstitutePeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical CollegePeking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences100871BeijingChina

Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are specialized effector cells that have gained prominence as immunotherapy agents due to their ability to target and kill cells with altered pyrophosphate *** our effort to understand how cancer cells evade the cell-killing activity of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells,we performed a comprehensive genome-scale CRISPR screening of cancer *** found that four molecules belonging to the butyrophilin(BTN)family,specifically BTN2A1,BTN3A1,BTN3A2,and BTN3A3,are critically important and play unique,nonoverlapping roles in facilitating the destruction of cancer cells by primary Vγ9Vδ2 T *** coordinated function of these BTN molecules was driven by synchronized gene expression,which was regulated by IFN-γsignaling and the RFX ***,an enzyme called QPCTL was shown to play a key role in modifying the N-terminal glutamine of these BTN proteins and was found to be a crucial factor in Vγ9Vδ2 T cell killing of cancer *** our research,we offer a detailed overview of the functional genomic mechanisms that underlie how cancer cells escape Vγ9Vδ2 T ***,our findings shed light on the importance of the harmonized expression and function of gene family members in modulating T-cell activity.

关键词： Butyrophilin Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell Cancer-specific immune evasion Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like Pyrophosphate metabolite Immunotherapy

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Whole-genome sequencing identifies novel genes for autism in Chinese trios

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Suhua Chang Jia Jia Liu Yilu Zhao Tao Pang Xiangyu Zheng Zhirui Song Anyi Zhang Xuping Gao Lingxue Luo Yanqing Guo Jing Liu Li Yang Lin Lu peking university Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental HealthNHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University)National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No.2018RU006) Peking University School of Nursing Peking University Wuhan Biobank National Institute on Drug Dependence Peking University

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with high genetic heritability but *** understanding its genetics requires whole-genome sequencing (WGS),but the ASD studies utilizing WGS data in Chinese population are *** this study,we present a WGS study for 334 individuals,including 112 ASD patients and their non-ASD *** identified 146 de novo variants in coding regions in 85 cases and 60 inherited variants in coding *** integrating these variants with an association model,we identified 33 potential risk genes (Pfrom GO enrichment,expression and network *** also integrated RNA-seq data to analyze the effect of the variants on the gene expression and found 12 genes in the individuals with the related variants had relatively biased *** further presented the clinical phenotypes of the proband carrying the risk genes in both our samples and Caucasian samples to show the effect of the risk genes on *** variants in noncoding regions,a total of 74 de novo variants and 30 inherited variants were predicted as pathogenic with high confidence,which were mapped to specific genes or regulatory *** number of de novo variants found in patient was significantly associated with the parents’ages at the birth of the child,and gender with *** also identified small de novo structural variants in ASD *** results in this study provided important evidence for understanding the genetic mechanism of ASD.

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Stimulating Start-up Investment Through Government-Sponsored Venture Capital: Theory and Chinese Evidence

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 2021-2053页

作者： NI Xuanming ZHENG Tiantian GAO Feng ZHAO Huimin School of Software and Microelectronics Peking University School of Economics and Management Tsinghua University School of Business Sun Yat-sen University

Government-sponsored venture capital(GVC) has been used to support financially constrained start-ups as an important policy tool in China. Typically, to motivate the social capital to invest in start-ups, GVC provides subsidies for them to bridge the funding gap in the early-stage venture capital market. However, the effect and mechanism of GVC affecting social capital investment have not been clearly studied. In this paper, the authors not only develop a game model to analyze this issue in theory, but conduct an empirical study by analyzing the 14741 records matched by propensity score matching(PSM) of Chinese venture capital market data from 2011 to 2021. The proposed findings are as the follows. Firstly, the subsidies offered by GVC will simultaneously increase the returns and risks of investments in start-ups of social capital with more volatile incentive effect of GVC. The incentive effect of GVC is only effective when the returns resulting from the subsidies outweigh the risks they introduce. In the context of the Chinese venture capital market, the incentive effect of GVC is effective. Secondly, the incentive effect of GVC is more pronounced in high-tech industries, which can be attributed to the signaling effect facilitated by GVC. In this context, the subsidy mainly helps social capital to bear the costs associated with screening potential investments. Thirdly, the incentive effect of GVC is more significant in underdeveloped venture capital markets, which can be explained by the “virtuous cycle” effect, in which GVC plays a pioneering role in establishing a more robust early-stage market trading system. By examining these three points, this study contributes to a better understanding of how GVC can effectively guide social capital investment, especially in the Chinese landscape.

关键词： Government-sponsored venture capital fund incentive effect social capital subsidy venture capital

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Mathematics of multi-agent learning systems at the interface of game theory and artificial intelligence

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 445-447页

作者： Long WANG Feng FU Xingru CHEN Center for Systems and Control College of EngineeringPeking University Center for Multi-Agent Research Institute for Artificial IntelligencePeking University Department of Mathematics Dartmouth College Department of Biomedical Data Science Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Evolutionary game theory (EGT) and artificial intelligence(AI) are two fields that,at first glance,might seem distinct,but they have notable connections and *** former focuses on the evolution of behaviors (or strategies)in a population,where individuals interact with others and update their strategies based on imitation (or social learning).

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Effect and mechanism of Qingre Huashi decoction on drug-resistant Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3086-3105页

作者： Miao-Miao Lin Shan-Shan Yang Qiu-Yue Huang Guang-Hui Cui Xiao-Fen Jia Yao Yang Zong-Ming Shi Hui Ye Xue-Zhi Zhang Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Peking UniversityBeijing 100034China

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(HP),the most common pathogenic microorganism in stomach,can induce inflammatory reactions in the gastric mucosa,causing chronic gastritis and even gastric *** infection affects over 4.4 billion people globally,with a worldwide infection rate of up to 50%.The multidrug resistance of HP poses a serious challenge to *** has been monstrated that compared to bismuth quadruple therapy,Qingre Huashi decoction(QHD)combined with triple therapy exhibits comparable eradication rates but with a lower incidence of adverse reactions;in addition,QHD directly inhibit and kill HP in *** In this study,12 HP strains were isolated in vitro after biopsy during gastroscopy of HP-infected *** vitro,the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)values for clinical HP strains and biofilm quantification were determined through the E-test method and crystal violet staining,*** most robust biofilm-forming strain of HP was selected,and QHD was evaluated for its inhibitory and bactericidal effects on the strain with strong biofilm *** assessment was performed using agar dilution,E-test,killing dynamics,and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The study also explored the impact of QHD on antibiotic resistance in these HP strains with strong biofilm *** violet method,scanning electron microscopy,laser confocal scanning microscopy,and(p)ppGpp chromatographic identification were employed to evaluate the effect of QHD on biofilm in strong biofilm-forming HP *** effect of QHD on biofilm and efflux pump-related gene expression was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain ***-targeted metabolomics with UHPLC-MS/MS was used to identify potential metabolic pathways and biomarkers which were different between the NC and QHD *** HP could form biofilms of different degrees in vitro,and the intensity of formation was associated with the drug resistance of the *** had str

关键词： Qingre Huashi decoction Helicobacter pylori Drug resistance Biofilm Metabolomics

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Observational signatures of rotating black holes in the semiclassical gravity with trace anomaly

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 257-265页

作者： Zhenyu Zhang Yehui Hou Minyong Guo Department of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Physics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

In a recent work by Fernandes[***.D 108(6),L061502(2023)],an exact stationary and axisymmetric solution was discovered in semiclassical gravity with type-A trace *** was identified as a quantum-corrected version of the Kerr black *** this study,we explore the observational signatures of this black hole *** investigation reveals that prograde and retrograde light rings exist,whose radii increase monotonically with the coupling parameterα.Whenαis negative,the shadow area for the quantum-corrected black hole is smaller than that of the Kerr black hole,whereas whenαis positive,the area is *** a near-extremal black hole,its high-spin feature(the NHEKline)is found to be highly susceptible to disruption byα.Furthermore,we discuss the images of the quantum-corrected black hole in the presence of a thin accretion disk and compare them to those of the Kerr black *** study highlights the importance of near-horizon emission sources in detecting the effects of quantum corrections by black hole images.

关键词： quantum-corrected rotating black hole light rings black hole shadow

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Epigenetic regulators as the foundation for molecular classification of colorectal cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第7期21卷 547-552页

作者： Zhenyu Liu Xin Zhou Fuchou Tang School of Life Sciences Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Department of General Surgery Third Hospital Peking University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation peking university Third Hospital Cancer Center Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University

Colorectal cancer （CRC） accounts for approximately 10% of newly diagnosed cancer cases and cancer-related deaths worldwide1. The identification of molecular subtypes of CRCs has significantly advanced treatment stra... 详细信息

关键词： ISLAND METHYLATOR PHENOTYPE MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY BRAF MUTATION SUBTYPES COLON

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Relativistic configuration-interaction density functional theory:Nonaxial effects on nuclear ββ decay

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2017-2020页

作者： Yakun Wang Pengwei Zhao Jie Meng State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Nuclear ββ decay is a second-order weak process in which an even-even nucleus decays to its neighboring even-even nucleus by turning two neutrons to two protons while emitting two electrons.A nucleus undergoes such ... 详细信息

关键词： decay neighboring interaction

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Non-invasive imaging of pathological scars using a portable handheld two-photon microscope

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第3期137卷 329-337页

作者： Yang Han Yuxuan Sun Feili Yang Qingwu Liu Wenmin Fei Wenzhuo Qiu Junjie Wang Linshuang Li Xuejun Zhang Aimin Wang Yong Cui Graduate School Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Dermatology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology State Key Laboratory of Chemical OncogenomicsPeking University Shenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330006China Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Future Technology Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Transcend Vivoscope Biotech Beijing 100085China Department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230001China Institute of Dermatology Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230001China School of Electronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Background:Pathological scars are a disorder that can lead to various cosmetic,psychological,and functional problems,and no effective assessment methods are currently *** and treatment of pathological scars are based on cutaneous manifestations.A two-photon microscope(TPM)with the potential for real-time non-invasive assessment may help determine the under-surface pathophysiological conditions in *** study used a portable handheld TPM to image epidermal cells and dermal collagen structures in pathological scars and normal skin in vivo to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment in scar ***:Fifteen patients with pathological scars and three healthy controls were *** was performed using a portable handheld *** indexes were extracted from two dimensional(2D)and three dimensional(3D)perspectives,including collagen depth,dermo-epidermal junction(DEJ)contour ratio,thickness,orientation,and occupation(proportion of collagen fibers in the field of view)of *** depth-dependent indexes were computed through the 3D second harmonic generation image and three morphology-related indexes from the 2D *** assessed index differences between scar and normal skin and changes before and after ***:Pathological scars and normal skin differed markedly regarding the epidermal morphological structure and the spectral characteristics of collagen *** indexes were employed to distinguish between normal skin and scar *** significant differences were found in average depth(t=9.917,Pfrom skin tissues;thus,it is more suitable for scar imaging than reflectance confocal ***,a TPM may be an auxiliary tool for scar treatment selection and assessing treatment efficacy.

关键词： Scars Two-photon microscope Two-photon excitation fluorescence Second harmonic generation microscopy

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Variations in the Prevalence of Anemia of Varying Severity Among Urban Non-Pregnant Women—China,2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第10期6卷 175-180页

作者： Xiaoxi Liu Bo Wang Sailimai Man Heling Bao Yuanyuan Huang Canqing Yu Jun Lyu Linhong Wang Liming Li Hui Liu Institute of Medical Information Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina peking university Health Science Center Meinian Public Health Institute BeijingChina Meinian Institute of Health BeijingChina peking university Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness&Response BeijingChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(peking university) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Anemia is a significant public health issue affecting women *** studies in China predominantly concentrated on anemia in pregnant or reproductiveage women,leaving a gap i... 详细信息

关键词： Anemia anemia China.

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