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Effectiveness of Frequent Viral Load Testing Plus Additional Interventions to Prevent HIV Transmission in Heterosexual,Serodiscordant Couples—yunnan Province,China,2019-2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第27期6卷 658-664,I0001-I0004页

作者： Jing Han Jian Li Yuhua Shi Chunpeng Zang Zhimin Yang Yu Han Yanling Ma Qiongli Duan Yuhua Hu Zikuang Bai Cuiyun Yang Gabriella Bulloch Yurong Mao Houlin Tang Zunyou Wu Yufen Liu National center for AIDS/STD control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina yunnan provincial center for disease control and prevention Kunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina Honghe Prefectural center for disease control and prevention Honghe CityYunnan ProvinceChina Wenshan Prefectural center for disease control and prevention Wenshan CityYunnan ProvinceChina Zhaotong Prefectural center for disease control and prevention Zhaotong CityYunnan ProvinceChina Lincang Prefectural center for disease control and prevention Lincang CityYunnan ProvinceChina Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health SciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia

Summary What is already known about this topic?HIV transmission among serodiscordant couples remains a persistent issue in ***,the practice of combining counseling with antiretroviral therapies(ART)to enhance ART adhe... 详细信息

关键词： China. ant discord

Prevalence and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province, China

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 42-52页

作者： Jian Wang Li Qiu Shuang Bai Wei Zhao Ao Zhang Jing Li Jun-Nan Zhang Shan-Shan Zhou Ren Qiu Zhu Huang Jv-Xia Liu Ting-Bin Wang Xue Sun Jiang Wu Qun Zheng Bin He Min Lv Beijing center for disease prevention and control BeijingChina Beijing Research center for Respiratory Infectious diseases BeijingChina Hainan provincial center for disease control and prevention HaikouChina Haikou center for disease control and prevention HaikouHainanChina Wanning center for disease control and prevention WanningHainanChina Baisha County center for disease control and prevention BaishaHainanChina Qiongzhong County center for disease control and prevention QiongzhongHainanChina

Background The thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCV13)is not included in the national immu-nization program and is administered voluntarily with informed consent in *** preparation for assessing the impact of pilot introduction in Hainan Province,we conducted a carriage study among children under 5 years of age from four locations in Hainan Province,*** From March to June 2022,nasopharyngeal(NP)swabs,collected from healthy children aged younger than 59 months who lived in the 4 different locations(Haikou,Wanning,Baisha and Qiongzhong)in Hainan Province,were tested for pneumococcus using conventional *** isolates were serotyped using the Quel-lung *** factors associated with pneumococcal colonization were assessed using univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age,daycare attendance and other *** Pneumococcus was isolated in 710(30.4%)of the 2333 children *** 737 pneumococci,29 serotypes were identifed;60.9%were PCV13 serotypes;the most common vaccine serotypes were 6B(20.4%),19F(13.0%),6A(11.9%)and 23F(6.1%);and the most common nonvaccine serotypes were 23A(12.9%),34(6.1%)and nontypeable(NT)pneumococci(5.6%).Children vaccinated with PCV13 had lower carriage(17.7%vs 32.5%;P=0.0001)and fewer PCV13 serotypes(41.9%vs 62.7%;P=0.0017)compared to unimmunized *** adjustment,NP carriage Was higher among children attending daycare(aOR=2.3,95%CI:1.7-3.2),living in rural areas(aOR=1.4,95%CI:1.1-1.8),living with siblings(aOR=1.3,95%CI:1.0-1.6)and whose mothers had completed senior high/technical sec-ondary school(aOR=1.5,95%CI:1.1-2.0).In contrast,completion of 3-4 doses of PCV13 were associated with a lower carriage rate(aOR=0.6,95%CI:0.4-0.9).Conclusions We established the baseline of pneumococcal carriage,serotype distribution and PCV13 immuni-zation rates among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province,prior to the introduction of PCV13 into th

关键词： Pneumococcus Nasopharyngeal carriage Serotypes distribution Children Hainan Province China

Comparative Study on the Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Different Post-exposure Intramuscular Rabies Vaccination Regimens in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期37卷 178-186页

作者： SONG Yun HE Ying LU Xue Xin ZHANG Xiao Mei JIANG XIAO Lin SONG Qing HUANG Xue Yong MA Hong Xia YU Peng Cheng ZHU Wu Yang Henan provincial center for disease control and prevention Infectious Disease Prevention and Control InstituteHenan Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease PathogensZhengzhou 450000HenanChina National Institute for Viral disease control and prevention China CDCKey Laboratory of BiosafetyNational Health CommissionBeijing 102206China Shandong provincial center for disease control and prevention Jinan 250014ShandongChina Qingdao Chengyang District center for disease control and prevention Qingdao 266108ShandongChina

Objective This study aimed to compare the current Essen rabies post-exposure immunization schedule(0-3-7-14-28)in China and the simple 4-dose schedule(0-3-7-14)newly recommended by the World Health Organization in terms of their safety,efficacy,and *** Mice were vaccinated according to different immunization schedules,and blood was collected for detection of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies(RVNAs)on days 14,21,28,35,and 120after the first ***,different groups of mice were injected with lethal doses of the CVS-11 virus on day 0,subjected to different rabies immunization schedules,and assessed for morbidity and death *** a clinical trial,185 rabies-exposed individuals were selected for post-exposure vaccination according to the Essen schedule,and blood was collected for RVNAs detection on days 28and 42 after the first *** A statistically significant difference in RVNAs between mice in the Essen and 0-3-7-14 schedule groups was observed on the 35th day(P0.05)in RVNAs levels at any time *** post-exposure immune protective test showed that the survival rate of mice in the control group was 20%,whereas that in the immunization groups was 40%.In the clinical trial,the RVNAs positive conversion rates on days 28(14 days after 4 doses)and 42(14 days after 5 doses)were both 100%,and no significant difference in RVNAs levels was observed(P>0.05).Conclusion The simple 4-dose schedule can produce sufficient RVNAs levels,with no significant effect of a delayed fourth vaccine dose(14–28 d)on the immunization potential.

关键词： Rabies Post-exposure immunization Essen regimen RVNAs

Relationship Between Climate Change and Marmot Plague of Marmota himalayana Plague Focus—the Altun Mountains of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,China,2000–2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第4期6卷 69-74,I0006页

作者： Qun Duan Xiaojin Zheng Zhiqiang Gan Dongyue Lyu Hanyu Sha Xinmin Lu Xiaoling Zhao Asaiti Bukai Ran Duan Shuai Qin Li Wang Jinxiao Xi Di Wu Peng Zhang Deming Tang Zhaokai He Huaiqi Jing Biao Kan Xin Wang National Institute for Communicable disease control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Akesai Kazak Autonomous County center for disease control and prevention Jiuquan CityGansu ProvinceChina Jiuquan center for disease control and prevention Jiuquan CityGansu ProvinceChina Gansu provincial center for disease control and prevention Lanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina

Introduction:Plague is a zoonotic disease that occurs naturally in specific geographic *** change can influence the populations of the plague host or vector,leading to variations in the occurrence and epidemiology of plague in ***:In this study,we collected meteorological and plague epidemiological data from the Marmota himalayana plague focus in the Altun Mountains of the Qinghai-Xizang *** data spanned from 2000 to *** describe the climatic factors and plague epidemic conditions and we describe their analysis by Pearson’s ***:During the period from 2000 to 2022,the isolation rates of Yersinia pestis(***)from marmots and fleas were 9.27%(451/4,864)and 7.17%(118/1,646),***,we observed a positive rate of F1 antibody of 11.25%(443/3,937)in marmots and 18.16%(142/782)in *** regards to climate,there was little variation,and a decreasing trend in blowing-sand days was *** temperature in the previous year showed a negative correlation with the *** isolation rate in marmots(r=−0.555,P=0.011)and the positive rate of F1 antibody in marmots(r=−0.552,P=0.012)in the current *** average annual precipitation in the previous two years showed a positive correlation with marmot density(r=0.514,P=0.024),while blowingsand days showed a negative correlation with marmot density(r=−0.701,P=0.001).Furthermore,the average annual precipitation in the previous three years showed a positive correlation with the isolation rate of *** from marmots(r=0.666,P=0.003),and blowing-sand days showed a negative correlation with marmot density(r=−0.597,P=0.009).Conclusions:The findings of this study indicate that there is a hysteresis effect of climate change on the prevalence of ***,monitoring climate conditions can offer significant insights for implementing timely preventive and control measures to combat plague epidemics.

关键词： Plague epidemiology Plateau

Evolutionary Diversity of Coxsackievirus A6 Causing Severe Hand,Foot,and Mouth disease—China,2012-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第20期6卷 442-449页

作者： Huanhuan Lu Jinbo Xiao Wenhui Wang Dongmei Yan Tianjiao Ji Qian Yang Haiyan Wei Yanhua Du Yunting Zeng Jun Guo Jianhua Chen Hanri Zeng Yingying Liu Shuaifeng Zhou Hong Ji Jianxing Wang Xiaofang Zhou Yong Zhang National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious diseases World Health Organization Polio Reference Laboratory for the Western Pacific RegionKey Laboratory of Laboratory BiosafetyNational Health and Key Laboratory of Laboratory Biosafety of the National Health CommissionNational Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Linyi center for disease control and prevention Linyi CityShandong ProvinceChina Henan provincial center for disease control and prevention Zhengzhou CityHenan ProvinceChina Shaanxi provincial center for disease control and prevention Xi’an CityShaanxi ProvinceChina Hainan provincial center for disease control and prevention Haikou CityHainan ProvinceChina Guizhou provincial center for disease control and prevention Guiyang CityGuizhou ProvinceChina Gansu provincial center for disease control and prevention Lanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina Guangdong provincial center for disease control and prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Hebei provincial center for disease control and prevention Shijiazhuang CityHebei ProvinceChina Hunan provincial center for disease control and prevention Changsha CityHunan ProvinceChina Jiangsu provincial center for disease control and prevention Nanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Shandong provincial center for disease control and prevention Jinan CityShandong ProvinceChina yunnan provincial center for disease control and prevention Kunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina

Introduction:Coxsackievirus A6(CVA6)has emerged as a significant pathogen responsible for severe cases of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD).This study aims to delineate the demographic characteristics and analyze the viral evolution of severe HFMD associated with CVA6,thereby assisting in its surveillance and ***:In this investigation,74 strains of CVA6 were isolated from samples collected from severe HFMD cases between 2012 and *** VP1 gene sequences of CVA6 were amplified and analyzed to assess population historical dynamics and evolutionary characteristics using BEAST,DnaSP6,and ***:A significant portion(94.4%)of severe CVA6-associated HFMD cases(51 out of 54,with 20 lacking age information)were children under 5 years *** the 74 CVA6 strains analyzed,72 belonged to the D3a sub-genotype,while only two strains were D2 *** average genetic distance between VP1 sequences prior to 2015 was 0.027,which increased to 0.051 when compared to sequences *** population dynamics analysis indicated three significant population expansions of severe CVA6-associated HFMD during 2012-2013,2013-2014,and 2019-2020,resulting in the formation of 65 distinct *** with the MCC tree findings,transitioning between regional haplotypes required multiple base substitutions,showcasing an increase in population diversity during the evolutionary process(from 14 haplotypes in 2013 to 55 haplotypes over the subsequent decade).Conclusions:CVA6,associated with severe HFMD,is evolving and presents a risk of outbreak ***,enhanced surveillance of severe HFMD is imperative.

关键词： thereby subsequent finding

The Epidemiological Characteristics of Mpox Cases-China,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第26期6卷 619-623页

作者： Ruiqi Ren Chao Li Wenqing Bai Yali Wang Dan Li Fan Ding Niu Yan Qi Wang Nijuan Xiang Lianmei Jin Lei Zhou Wenling Wang Fan Lyu Peilong Li Dapeng Zhang Yan Li Quanyi Wang Qun Li Guoqing Shi National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Chinese center for disease control and prevention BeijingChina National Institute for Viral disease control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina National center for AIDS/STD control and prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Guangdong provincial center for disease control and prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Beijing Municipal center for disease prevention and control BeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Since May 2022,a global outbreak of mpox has emerged in more than 100 non-endemic *** of December 2023,over 90,000 cases had been *** outbreak has predominantly affected men who have sex with men(MSM),with sexual contact identified as the principal mode of *** is added by this report?Since June 2023,China has faced an occurrence of mpox,predominantly affecting the MSM *** 90%of those affected reported engaging in homosexual behavior within 21 days prior to symptom onset,a trend that aligns with the global outbreak *** prompt identification of cases,diligent tracing of close contacts,and the implementation of appropriate management strategies have successfully mitigated the spread of mpox virus in *** are the implications for public health practice?We propose that mpox is transmitted locally within *** from our experiences in controlling the virus spread,it is crucial to investigate and formulate effective surveillance and educational ***,we must encourage high-risk populations to promptly seek medical care upon the onset of symptoms.

关键词： prompt Drawing spread

Food-Borne Poisoning Accident from Amanitin Toxin in Wild Mushrooms—Xingtai City,Hebei Province,China,2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第3期6卷 56-59页

作者： Baopu Lv Liang Liu Hao Xiao Qingbing Meng Rui Zhang Yaqing An Yingli Jin Yu Ma Hengbo Gao Yongkai Li Qian He Yutao Zhang Changqing Liu Xiaoyan Luo Xiaomin Xu Fenshuang Zheng Yingping Tian Hongshun Zhang Dongqi Yao Emergency Department The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang CityHebei ProvinceChina National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison control Chinese Centre for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Hebei provincial center for disease control and prevention Shijiazhuang CityHebei ProvinceChina Zhejiang provincial center for disease control and prevention Hangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Emergency Department The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan UniversityKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Fatal poisonings caused by wild mushrooms containing amanita toxins pose a significant threat in the southern regions of *** toxins primarily induce gastrointestinal symptoms initially,which are then followed by potentially life-threatening acute liver *** is added by this report?This report contributes to the existing knowledge on these cases of poisoning by documenting the second occurrences in Hebei Province and the first occurrences in Xingtai *** individuals reported consuming wild mushrooms from the same origin,and laboratory tests confirmed the presence ofα-amanitin in their blood *** are the implications for public health practice?This underscores the risk associated with the collection and consumption of amanita toxin-containing mushrooms in *** is important to note that the identification of toxic and non-toxic mushrooms should not solely rely on personal experience or appearance.

关键词： Hebei consuming initially

Analysis of Epidemiological and Issues Encountered in Case Reports on Echinococcosis—China,2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第6期6卷 100-104页

作者： Yan Kui Shuai Han Xiaojuan Zhang Guangzhong Shi Yale Yu Ruirui Li Peizheng Zhan Hongju Duan Wenbo Luo Benfu Li Shaoqi Ning Yalan Zhang Aiya Zhu Jingbo Xue National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWorld Health Organization Collaborating Center for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina Gansu provincial center for disease control and prevention Lanzhou CityGansu ProvinceChina The center for disease control and prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Urumuqi CityXinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps center for disease control and prevention Urumuqi CityXinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina Sichuan provincial center for disease control and prevention Chengdu CitySichuan ProvinceChina Qinhai Institute for Endemic disease control and prevention Xining CityQinghai ProvinceChina Ningxia center for disease control and prevention Yinchuan CityNingxia Hui Autonomous RegionChina Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region center for Comprehensive disease control and prevention Hohhot CityInner Mongolia AutonomousChina yunnan Institute of Parasitic diseases Puer CityYunnan ProvinceChina Shaanxi provincial center for disease control and prevention Xi'an CityShaanxi ProvinceChina Henan provincial center for disease control and prevention Zhengzhou CityHenan ProvinceChina Guizhou provincial center for disease control and prevention Guiyang CityGuizhou ProvinceChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Echinococcosis is classified as a Class C infectious disease in *** is endemic in 370 counties located in the agricultural and pastoral regions of western *** is added by this report?This report provides a comprehensive overview of the cases of echinococcosis reported in China in *** a thorough evaluation conducted by provincial CDCs.

关键词： China Ech counties

Exploration for the Priority of HIV Intervention:Modelling Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness—Six Cities,Eastern China,2019-2028

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China CDC weekly 2024年第20期6卷 463-468,I0008-I0014页

作者： Youran Zhang Lili Wang Zhen Jiang Hongjing Yan Xiaoxia Liu Jing Gu Guoyong Wang Xiaosong Cheng Qiyan Leng Qisui Long Zimian Liang Jing Wang Liang Liang Yanchao Qiu Lin Chen Hang Hong School of Health Service Management Anhui Medical UniversityHefei CityAnhui ProvinceChina Division of prevention and intervention National Center for AIDS and STD Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Jiangsu provincial center for disease control and prevention Nanjing CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Zhenjiang center for disease control and prevention Zhenjiang CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Wuxi center for disease control and prevention Wuxi CityJiangsu ProvinceChina Shandong provincial center for disease control and prevention Jinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Yantai center for disease control and prevention Yantai CityShandong ProvinceChina Guangdong provincial center for disease control and prevention Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Foshan center for disease control and prevention Foshan CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Hebei provincial center for disease control and prevention Shijiazhuang CityHebei ProvinceChina Shijiazhuang center for disease control and prevention Shijiazhuang CityChina Zhejiang provincial center for disease control and prevention Hangzhou CityZhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo center for disease control and prevention Ningbo CityZhejiang ProvinceChina

Introduction:In order to enhance the effectiveness of resource allocation,regions must tailor their responses to their specific epidemiological and economic ***:Utilizing Spectrum software,we projected the cost-effectiveness of 10 chosen HIV interventions in six cities in eastern China from 2019 to *** assessed three scenarios—Base,Achievable,and Idealized—for each *** analysis included the projected number of HIV infections and deaths averted,as well as the incremental costeffectiveness ratios for each intervention in the six ***:In Shijiazhuang,Wuxi,Yantai,and Zhenjiang,cities with initially low antiretroviral therapy(ART)coverage,ART showed significant effectiveness,especially for ***,in Foshan and Ningbo,where ART coverage was notably high,oral pre-exposure prophylaxis(PrEP)for men who have sex with men(MSM)proved effective in the Idealized *** outreach,ART for males,and ART for females demonstrated cost-effectiveness across all six cities in both Achievable and Idealized scenarios at the predefined thresholds for each ***:Maintaining an appropriate coverage rate for outreach to MSM can lead to *** cities with low ART coverage,scaling up ART remains a crucial *** regions with high ART coverage,consideration may be given to the utilization of oral PrEP for MSM individuals,requiring budget allocation.

关键词： Eastern Ningbo Impact