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Limited impacts of occasional tillage on dry aggregate size distribution and soil carbon and nitrogen fractions in semi-arid drylands

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 96-106页

作者： Wooiklee S.Paye Vesh R.Thapa Rajan Ghimire New Mexico state university Agricultural Science CenterClovisNM88101USA New Mexico state university Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesLas CrucesNM88003USA

Tillage management that minimizes the frequency and intensity of soil disturbance can increase soil carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)sequestration and improve the resilience of dryland cropping systems,yet the impact of occasional disturbance on soil aggregate formation and the soil organic carbon(SOC)storage within aggregates has not been studied *** evaluated the effect of four tillage management practices on soil dry aggregate size distribution,aggregate-protected C and N,mineral-associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C),particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C),and corn(Zea mays L.)and sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench)yields in a semi-arid dryland cropping *** included conventional tillage(CT),strip-tillage(ST),no-tillage(NT),and occasional tillage(OT)management in a corn-sorghum *** macro-aggregates were 51-54%greater under ST,NT,and OT,while small and micro-aggregates were greater in *** tillage reduced soil aggregate-associated C by 28-31%in macro-aggregates and 47-53%in small aggregates at 26 months(M)sampling compared to ST,NT,and *** clay+silt fraction,CT had 14-16%,21-26%,and 36-43%less SOC at 7,14,and 26M samplings,respectively,than ST,NT,and *** associated N was generally similar under ST,NT,and OT,which was greater on average than *** MOAM-C and POM-C under ST,NT,and OT were generally greater than respective SOC fractions under CT at 19 and 26 M after OT *** and sorghum yields were similar among tillage systems in 2020,but greater under ST,NT,and OT than CT in *** results suggest that while frequent intensive tillage can lower SOC and N storage,a single stubble mulch occasional tillage after several years of NT does not lead to soil C and N losses and soil structural instability in semi-arid drylands.

关键词： Conventional tillage Occasional tillage Aggregate associated carbon Mineral associated organic matter carbon(MAOM-C) Particulate organic matter carbon(POM-C)

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Immune response to inactivated bacterial vector carrying the recombinant K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第5期14卷 199-206页

作者： Lucelina S.Araújo Bruno B.Silva Eduarda N.F.N.Santos Arnaldo S.Bezerra Samuel S.Frota Assis R.Montenegro Eridan O.P.T.Florean Maurício Fvan Tilburg Maria Izabel F.Guedes Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Northeast Biotechnology NetworkState University of CearáFortalezaBrazil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine State University of CearáFortalezaBrazil

Objective:To evaluate the immunological response elicited by an inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum,and a purified ***:Mice were subjected to the following treatments:(1)Purified recombinant K39(rK39)protein at a 20μg dose with complete Freund’s adjuvant;(2)Inactivated Escherichia coli(BL21 DE3)carrying the K39 protein at an equivalent total protein content of 200μg;(3)Inactivated bacteria lacking the K39 protein;(4)Non-immunized control *** monitoring was *** groups were challenged by intraperitoneal injection of 10^(7) Leishmania infantum *** euthanasia,the liver and spleen were collected to analyze the levels of TNF,IFN-γ,IL-12,IL-4,and ***:Mice immunized with purified rK39 or the inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen of Leishmania infantum showed a long-lasting immune response with high levels of polyclonal antibodies specifically recognizing the recombinant *** IgG1 subclass was the predominant immunoglobulin;however,the induction of IgG2a and the profile of cytokines produced were indicative of the induction of a mixed-type ***:The inactivated bacterial vector carrying the K39 antigen,as well as the purified antigen can induce a long-lasting immune response in immunized mice,predominantly favouring a Th2 profile response.

关键词： Visceral leishmaniasis K39 Inactivated bacterial vector Vaccine Immune response Th1 Th2 Leishmania infantum

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Development and prospects of molten steel deoxidation in steelmaking process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第1期31卷 18-32页

作者： Zhongliang Wang Yanping Bao state Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

In the long traditional process of steelmaking,excess oxygen is blown into the converter,and alloying elements are used for *** inevitably results in excessive deoxidation of products remaining within the steel liquid,affecting the cleanliness of the *** the increasing requirements for steel performance,reducing the oxygen content in the steel liquid and ensuring its high cleanliness is *** more than a hundred years of development,the total oxygen content in steel has been reduced from approximately 100×10^(-6)to approximately 10×10^(-6),and it can be controlled below 5×10^(-6)in some steel grades.A relatively stable and mature deoxidation technology has been formed,but further reducing the oxygen content in steel is no longer significant for improving steel *** research team developed a deoxidation technology for bearing steel by optimizing the entire conventional *** technology combines silicon–manganese predeoxidation,ladle furnace diffusion deoxidation,and vacuum final *** successfully conducted industrial experiments and produced interstitial-free steel with natural decarbonization ***-aluminum deoxidation was found to control the oxygen content in bearing steel to between 4×10^(-6) and 8×10^(-6),altering the type of inclusions,eliminating large particle Ds-type inclusions,improving the flowability of the steel liquid,and deriving a higher fatigue *** natural decarbonization predeoxidation of interstitial-free steel reduced aluminum consumption and production costs and significantly improved the quality of cast billets.

关键词： steel deoxidation deoxidizer metallurgical equipment bearing steel IF steel

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Optical manipulation of ratio-designable Janus microspheres

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1239-1249页

作者： YULU CHEN CONG ZHAI XIAOQING GAO HAN WANG ZUZENG LIN XIAOWEI ZHOU CHUNGUANG HU state Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Angular optical trapping based on Janus microspheres has been proven to be a novel method to achieve controllable *** contrast to natural birefringent crystals,Janus microspheres are chemically synthesized of two compositions with different refractive ***,their structures can be artificially regulated,which brings excellent potential for fine and multi-degree-of-freedom manipulation in the optical ***,it is a considerable challenge to model the interaction of heterogeneous particles with the optical field,and there has also been no experimental study on the optical manipulation of microspheres with such designable refractive index *** the specific structure affects the kinematic properties of Janus microspheres remains ***,we report systematic research on the optical trapping and rotating of various ratio-designable Janus *** employ an efficient T-matrix method to rapidly calculate the optical force and torque on Janus microspheres to obtain their trapped postures and rotational characteristics in the optical *** have developed a robust microfluidic-based scheme to prepare Janus *** experimental results demonstrate that within a specific ratio range,the rotation radii of microspheres vary linearly and the orientations of microsphere are always aligned with the light polarization *** is of great importance in guiding the design of Janus *** their orientations flip at a particular ratio,all consistent with the *** work provides a reliable theoretical analysis and experimental strategy for studying the interaction of heterogeneous particles with the optical field and further expands the diverse manipulation capabilities of optical tweezers.

关键词： polarization ratio refractive

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Highly selective photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) to CH_(4) on electron-rich Fe species cocatalyst under visible light irradiation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 255-266页

作者： Qianying Lin Jiwu Zhao Pu Zhang Shuo Wang Ying Wang Zizhong Zhang Na Wen Zhengxin Ding Rusheng Yuan Xuxu Wang Jinlin Long state Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhouChina

Efficient photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2) to high-calorific-value CH4,an ideal target product,is a blueprint for C_(1)industry relevance and carbon neutrality,but it also faces great ***,we demonstrate unprecedented hybrid SiC photocatalysts modified by Fe-based cocatalyst,which are prepared via a facile impregnation-reduction method,featuring an optimized local electronic *** exhibits a superior photocatalytic carbon-based products yield of 30.0μmol g^(−1) h^(−1) and achieves a record CH_(4) selectivity of up to 94.3%,which highlights the effectiveness of electron-rich Fe cocatalyst for boosting photocatalytic performance and ***,the synergistic effects of directional migration of photogenerated electrons and strongπ-back bonding on low-valence Fe effectively strengthen the adsorption and activation of reactants and intermediates in the CO_(2)→CH_(4) *** study inspires an effective strategy for enhancing the multielectron reduction capacity of semiconductor photocatalysts with low-cost Fe instead of noble metals as cocatalysts.

关键词： artificial synthesis of CH_(4) electronic structure optimization Fe species cocatalyst photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction SiC

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High-Efficiency Dynamic Scanning Strategy for Powder Bed Fusion by Controlling Temperature Field of the Heat-Affected Zone

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 203-214页

作者： Xiaokang Huang Xiaoyong Tian Qi Zhong Shunwen He Cunbao Huo Yi Cao Zhiqiang Tong Dichen Li state Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049China

Improvement of fabrication efficiency and part performance was the main challenge for the large-scale powder bed fusion(PBF)*** this study,a dynamic monitoring and feedback system of powder bed temperature field using an infrared thermal imager has been established and integrated into a four-laser PBF equipment with a working area of 2000 mm×2000 *** heat-affected zone(HAZ)temperature field has been controlled by adjusting the scanning speed ***,the relationship among spot size,HAZ temperature,and part performance has been *** fluctuation of the HAZ temperature in four-laser scanning areas was decreased from 30.85℃to 17.41℃.Thus,the consistency of the sintering performance of the produced large component has been *** on the controllable temperature field,a dynamically adjusting strategy for laser spot size was proposed,by which the fabrication efficiency was improved up to 65.38%.The current research results were of great significance to the further industrial applications of large-scale PBF equipment.

关键词： Powder bed fusion Efficiency Large-scale Spot size Heat-affected zone(HAZ)

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Mesoscale Mechanical Properties and Influencing Factors of Concrete under Uniaxial Tension

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1156-1168页

作者： CHEN Tao LI Kungang XIAO Shiyun state Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Monte Carlo simulations were carried out to generate a mesoscale model of concrete with randomly packed aggregates with different shapes and *** mechanical properties of concrete specimens under uniaxial tensile loads were studied using statistical *** results indicated that the entire process of damage and failure of specimens exhibited mainly two failure types:fracture patternsⅠandⅡ.Furthermore,the influences of the aggregate content ratio,aggregate shape,aggregate size,interfacial transition zone(ITZ)strength,and porosity ratio on the concrete specimens were *** numerical simulation results showed that the elastic modulus of the concrete specimens increased approximately linearly with the aggregate volume ratio but decreased linearly with the porosity and was not affected by the ITZ *** tensile strength decreased with the increases in the aggregate content and porosity of the sample,but increased linearly with the ITZ *** addition,the aggregate shape led to a difference in the tensile strength of the concrete.

关键词： concrete mechanical behavior aggregate interfacial transition zone pore

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Global Dynamic Responses and Progressive Failure of Submerged Floating Tunnel Under Cable Breakage Conditions

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第4期38卷 676-688页

作者： ZHOU Xiang-bo QIAO Dong-sheng WANG Ming TANG Guo-qiang LU Lin OU Jinping state Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

The Submerged Floating Tunnel(SFT)relies on a tensioned mooring system for precise *** sudden breakage of a single cable can trigger an immediate alteration in the constraint conditions of the tube,inducing a transient heave response within the structure along with a transient increase in cable tension experienced by adjacent *** more severe cases,this may even lead to a progressive failure culminating in the global destruction of the *** study used ANSYS/AQWA to establish a numerical model of the entire length SFT for the hydrodynamic response analysis,and conducted a coupled calculation of the dynamic responses of the SFT-mooring line model based on Orca Flex to study the global dynamic responses of the SFT at the moment of cable breakage and the redistribution of cable internal *** most unfavorable position for SFT cable breakage was identified,the influence mechanism of cable breakage at different positions on the global dynamic response was revealed,and the progressive chain failure pattern caused by localized cable breakage are also clarified.

关键词： submerged floating tunnel cable breakage global dynamic responses progressive failure

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New steelmaking process based on clean deoxidation technology

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1249-1262页

作者： Zhongliang Wang Yanping Bao state Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

After the converter steelmaking process,a considerable number of ferroalloys are needed to remove dissolved oxygen from the molten steel,but it also forms a lot of oxide inclusions that cannot be completely *** the same time,it increases the carbon emis-sions in the steel production *** years of research,our team have developed a series of clean deoxidation technologies,includ-ing carbon deoxidation,hydrogen deoxidation,and waste plastic deoxidation of molten steel to address the aforementioned *** this study,thermodynamic calculations and laboratory experiments were employed to verify that carbon and hydrogen can reduce the total oxygen content in the molten steel melt to below 5×10^(-6) and 10×10^(-6),*** analysis of the deoxidation mechanisms and ef-fects of polyethylene and polypropylene was also *** addition,the applications of carbon deoxidation technology in different steels with the hot-state experiment and industrial production were discussed *** carbon deoxidation experimental results of different steels were as follows:(1)the oxygen content of bearing steel was effectively controlled at 6.3×10^(-6) and the inclusion number density was lowered by 74.73%compared to aluminum deoxidized bearing steel;(2)the oxygen content in gear steel was reduced to 7.7×10^(-6) and a 54.49%reduction of inclusion number density was achieved with almost no inclusions larger than 5μm from the average level of industry gear steels;(3)a total oxygen content of M2 high-speed steel was as low as 3.7×10^(-6).In industrial production practice,car-bon deoxidation technique was applied in the final deoxidation stage for non-aluminum deoxidized bearing steel,and it yielded excellent results that the oxygen content was reduced to below 8×10^(-6) and the oxide inclusions in the steel mainly consist of silicates,along with small amounts of spinel and calcium aluminate.

关键词： clean deoxidation carbon deoxidation hydrogen deoxidation waste plastics deoxidation

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Effect of Sodium Tripolyphosphate and Silica Fume on Hydration of High Alumina Cement

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1246-1252页

作者： WANG Jingran YANG Zongyuan ZHANG Shuai ZHANG Jinhua HAN Bingqiang KE Changming The state Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081China

It was found that silica fume can reduce the maximum hydration heat release rate of cement by microcalorimetry,inhibit CAH_(10),promote the generation of C_(3)AH_(6)and strätlingite C_(2)ASH_(8),or promote the conversion of CAH_(10)to C_(3)AH_(6).Sodium tripolyphosphate can retard the early hydration of cement,have a slight effect on 1 d hydration products of cement and inhibit the generation hydration *** tripolyphosphate and silica fume can promote the early hydration of cement,advance the formation of C_(2)ASH_(8)or the conversion from CAH_(10)to C_(3)AH_(6)at 1 d.

关键词： high aluminum cement silica fume dispersing agent hydration

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