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Antagonistic MADS-box transcription factors SEEDSTICK and SEPALLATA3 form a transcriptional regulatory network that regulates seed oil accumulation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 121-142页

作者： Shuangcheng He Yuanchang Min Zijin Liu Fang Zhi Rong Ma Ankang Ge Shixiang Wang Yu Zhao Danshuai Peng Da Zhang Minshan Jin Bo Song Jianjun Wang Yuan Guo Mingxun Chen State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High‐Efficiency Production National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology&Breeding CenterShaanxi Key Laboratory of Crop HeterosisCollege of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High‐Efficiency Production Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AppleCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Transcriptional regulation is essential for balancing multiple metabolic pathways that influence oil accumulation in seeds.Thus far,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern seed oil accumulation remain largely unknown.Here,we identified the transcriptional regulatory network composed of MADS-box transcription factors SEEDSTICK(STK)and SEPALLATA3(SEP3),which bridges several key genes to regulate oil accumulation in seeds.We found that STK,highly expressed in the developing embryo,positively regulates seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana).Furthermore,we discovered that SEP3 physically interacts with STK in vivo and in vitro.Seed oil content is increased by the SEP3 mutation,while it is decreased by SEP3 overexpression.The chromatin immunoprecipitation,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and transient dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that STK positively regulates seed oil accumulation by directly repressing the expression of MYB5,SEP3,and SEED FATTY ACID REDUCER 4(SFAR4).Moreover,genetic and molecular analyses demonstrated that STK and SEP3 antagonistically regulate seed oil production and that SEP3 weakens the binding ability of STK to MYB5,SEP3,and SFAR4.Additionally,we demonstrated that TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)and ACYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE 3(AAD3)are direct targets of MYB5 during seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis.Together,our findings provide the transcriptional regulatory network antagonistically orchestrated by STK and SEP3,which fine tunes oil accumulation in seeds.

关键词： seed oil accumulation SEP3 STK transcription factor transcriptional regulation

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Heterogeneous expression of stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase genes SAD1 and SAD2 from Linum usitatissimum enhances seed oleic acid accumulation and seedling cold and drought tolerance in Brassica napus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1864-1878页

作者： Jianjun Wang Yanan Shao Xin Yang Chi Zhang Yuan Guo Zijin Liu Mingxun Chen State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/national yangling Agricultural Biotechnology&Breeding center/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis/College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Flax(Linum usitatissimum L.)is a versatile crop and its seeds are a major source of unsaturated fatty acids.Stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase(SAD)is a dehydrogenase enzyme that plays a key role in oleic acid biosynthesis as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses.However,the function of SAD orthologs from L.usitatissimum has not been assessed.Here,we found that two LuSAD genes,LuSAD1 and LuSAD2,are present in the genome of L.usitatissimum cultivar‘Longya 10’.Heterogeneous expression of either LuSAD1 or LuSAD2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in higher contents of total fatty acids and oleic acid in the seeds.Interestingly,ectopic expression of LuSAD2 in A.thaliana caused altered plant architecture.Similarly,the overexpression of either LuSAD1 or LuSAD2 in Brassica napus also resulted in increased contents of total fatty acids and oleic acid in the seeds.Furthermore,we demonstrated that either LuSAD1 or LuSAD2 enhances seedling resistance to cold and drought stresses by improving antioxidant enzyme activity and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels,as well as reducing membrane damage.These findings not only broaden our knowledge of the LuSAD functions in plants,but also offer promising targets for improving the quantity and quality of oil,and the abiotic stress tolerance of oil-producing crops,through molecular manipulation.

关键词： LuSAD oleic acid cold tolerance drought tolerance Linum usitatissimum Brassica napus

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N-cycle gene abundance determination of N mineralization rate following re-afforestation in the Loess Plateau of China

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Soil Ecology Letters 2024年第1期6卷 97-106页

作者： Yaping Zhao Yuqing Zhao Shuohong Zhang Yulin Xu Xinhui Han Gaihe Yang Chengjie Ren College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Shaanxi Engineering Research center of Circular Agriculture College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Afforestation effectively improved soil microbial communities and significantly increased soil nitro-gen mineralization rate(Rm).Soil microorganisms drive Rm by regulating soil N-cycling genes.Soil nitrification genes had a major effect on soil Rm than denitrification genes after afforestation.Assessing the function of forest ecosystems requires an understanding of the mechanism of soil nitrogen mineralization.However,it remains unclear how soil N-cycling genes drive soil nitrogen mineralization during afforestation.In this study,we collected soil samples from a chrono-sequence of 14,20,30,and 45 years of Robinia pseudoacacia L.(RP14,RP20,RP30,and RP45)with a sloped farmland(FL)as a control.Through metagenomic sequencing analysis,we found significant changes in the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities involved in N-cycling along the afforestation time series,with afforestation effectively increasing the diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)of soil microbial communities.We conducted indoor culture experiments and analyzed correlations,which revealed a significant increase in both soil nitrification rate(Rn)and soil nitrogen mineralization rate(Rm)with increasing stand age.Furthermore,we found a strong correlation between soil Rm and soil microbial diversity(both alpha and beta diversity)and with the abundance of soil N-cycling genes.Partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM)analysis showed that nitrification genes(narH,narY,nxrB,narG,narZ,nxrA,hao,pmoC-amoC)and denitrification genes(norB,nosZ,nirK)had a greater direct effect on soil Rm compared to their effect on soil microbial communities.Our results reveal the relationships between soil nitrogen mineralization rate and soil microbial communities and between the mineralization rate and functional genes involved in N-cycling,in the context of Robinia pseudoacacia L.restoration on the Loess Plateau.This study enriches the understanding of the effects of microorganisms on soil nitrogen mineralization rate during afforestation and provides a ne

关键词： afforestation soil N mineralization rate denitrification genes nitrification genes the Loess Plateau

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Transcription factor CabHLH035 promotes cold resistance and homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in pepper

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 823-836页

作者： Huafeng Zhang Jiangbai Guo Xiaoqing Chen Yunyun Zhou Yingping Pei Lang Chen Saeed ul Haq Mingke Zhang Haijun Gong Rugang Chen College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Shaanxi Engineering Research center for Vegetables YanglingShaanxi 712100China Department of Horticulture The University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawarKhyber Pakhtunkhwa 25130Pakistan

Plant basic helix-loop-helix(bHLH)transcription factors(TFs)play central roles in various abiotic stresses.However,its role in plant cold resistance is largely unknown.Previously,we characterised CaNAC035 in pepper,which positively regulates tolerance to cold,salt and drought stresses tolerance.Here,we identified CabHLH035,a CaNAC035-interacting protein in pepper.To explore its functions in cold stress tolerance,we silenced the gene in pepper via virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)and overexpressed the gene in Arabidopsis.The results showed that CabHLH035 expression was induced by cold treatment,and silencing of CabHLH035 decreased cold stress tolerance.Conversely,overexpression of CabHLH035 in Arabidopsis increased cold stress tolerance.To investigate homologs genes of C-repeat binding factor(CBF)pathway proteins and reactive oxygen species(ROS)marker gene expression blocking by CabHLH035,we performed yeast one-hybrid(Y1H),dual luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments.The results showed that CabHLH035 bound to the region upstream of the CaCBF1A and CaAPX promoters.Additionally,CaCBF1A bound to the CaDHN4 promoter.Taken together,our results showed that CabHLH035 plays a crucial role in cold stress tolerance and its potential as a target for breeding cold-resistant crops.The findings provide a basis for studying the functions and regulatory network of cold stress tolerance in pepper.

关键词： Pepper CabHLH035 Silencing Overexpression VIGS Cold tolerance

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Overexpression of the transcription factor MdWRKY115 improves drought and osmotic stress tolerance by directly binding to the MdRD22 promoter in apple

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 629-640页

作者： Qinglong Dong Yi Tian Xuemei Zhang Dingyue Duan He Zhang Kaiyu Yang Peng Jia Haoan Luan Suping Guo Guohui Qi Ke Mao Fengwang Ma College of Forestry Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China national Engineering Research center for Agriculture in Northern Mountainous Areas Agricultural Technology Innovation Center in Mountainous Areas of Hebei ProvinceHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas Shaanxi Key Laboratory of AppleCollege of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China College of Horticulture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071001China

Abiotic stress reduces plant yield and quality.WRKY transcription factors play key roles in abiotic stress responses in plants,but the molecular mechanisms by which WRKY transcription factors mediate responses to drought and osmotic stresses in apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.)remain unclear.Here,we functionally characterized the apple GroupⅢWRKY gene MdWRKY115.qRT-PCR analysis showed that MdWRKY115 expression was up-regulated by drought and osmotic stresses.GUS activity analysis revealed that the promoter activity of MdWRKY115 was enhanced under osmotic stress.subcellular localization and transactivation assays indicated that MdWRKY115 was localized to the nucleus and had a transcriptional activity domain at the N-terminal region.Transgenic analysis revealed that the overexpression of MdWRKY115 in Arabidopsis plants and in apple callus markedly enhanced their tolerance to drought and osmotic stresses.DNA affinity purification sequencing showed that MdWRKY115 binds to the promoter of the stress-related gene MdRD22.This binding was further verified by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay.Collectively,these findings suggest that MdWRKY115 is an important regulator of osmotic and drought stress tolerance in apple.

关键词： apple MdWRKY115 Osmotic stress Drought stress Function analysis

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Overexpression of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid gene MdIAA24 enhances Glomerella leaf spot resistance in apple(Malus domestica)

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 15-24页

作者： Qian Wang Dong Huang Wenyan Tu Fengwang Ma Changhai Liu State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of apple College of HorticultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

Auxin is throughout the entire life process of plants and is involved in the crosstalk with other hormones,yet its role in apple disease resistance remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the function of auxin/indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)gene Md IAA24 overexpression in enhancing apple resistance to Glomerella leaf spot(GLS)caused by Colletotrichum fructicola(Cf).Analysis revealed that,upon Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants exhibited enhanced superoxide dismutase(SOD)and peroxidase(POD)activity,as well as a greater amount of glutathione(reduced form)and ascorbic acid accumulation,resulting in less H_(2)O_(2)and superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-))in apple leaves.Furthermore,35S::Md IAA24 plants produced more protocatechuic acid,proanthocyanidins B1,proanthocyanidins B2 and chlorogenic acid when infected with Cf.Following Cf infection,35S::Md IAA24 plants presented lower levels of IAA and jasmonic acid(JA),but higher levels of salicylic acid(SA),along with the expression of related genes.The overexpression of Md IAA24 was observed to enhance the activity of chitinase andβ-1,3-glucanase in Cfinfected leaves.The results indicated the ability of Md IAA24 to regulate the crosstalk between IAA,JA and SA,and to improve reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging and defense-related enzymes activity.This jointly contributed to GLS resistance in apple.

关键词： apple MdIAA24 Glomerella leaf spot(GLS) Antioxidant capacity Auxin Salicylic acid Jasmonic acid

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Spatiotemporal characteristics of cultivated land use eco-efficiency and its influencing factors in China from 2000 to 2020

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 396-414页

作者： LI Shaoting MU Na REN Yanjun Thomas GLAUBEN College of Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Sino-German center for Agricultural and Food Economics Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies(IAMO) Halle 06120Germany

Improving cultivated land use eco-efficiency(CLUE)can effectively promote agricultural sustainability,particularly in developing countries where CLUE is generally low.This study used provincial-level data from China to evaluate the spatiotemporal evolution of CLUE from 2000 to 2020 and identified the influencing factors of CLUE by using a panel Tobit model.In addition,given the undesirable outputs of agricultural production,we incorporated carbon emissions and nonpoint source pollution into the global benchmark-undesirable output-super efficiency-slacks-based measure(GB-US-SBM)model,which combines global benchmark technology,undesirable output,super efficiency,and slacks-based measure.The results indicated that there was an upward trend in CLUE in China from 2000 to 2020,with an increase rate of 2.62%.The temporal evolution of CLUE in China could be classified into three distinct stages:a period of fluctuating decrease(2000-2007),a phase of gradual increase(2008-2014),and a period of rapid growth(2015-2020).The major grain-producing areas(MPAs)had a lower CLUE than their counterparts,namely,non-major grain-production areas(non-MPAs).The spatial agglomeration effect followed a northeast-southwest strip distribution;and the movement path of barycentre revealed a"P"shape,with Luoyang City,Henan Province,as the centre.In terms of influencing factors of CLUE,investment in science and technology played the most vital role in improving CLUE,while irrigation index had the most negative effect.It should be noted that these two influencing factors had different impacts on MPAs and non-MPAs.Therefore,relevant departments should formulate policies to enhance the level of science and technology,improve irrigation condition,and promote sustainable utilization of cultivated land.

关键词： cultivated land use eco-efficiency(CLUE) slacks-based measure(SBM)model barycentre model standard deviation ellipse(SDE) panel Tobit model carbon emissions nonpoint source pollution

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Runoff and Infiltration responses of revegetated slopes to clipping management on the northern Loess Plateau

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 171-183页

作者： Qilin He Binbin Li Fengbao Zhang Nan Shen Mingyi Yang The Research center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of EducationYanglingShaanxi712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYanglingShaanxi712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi712100China Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring center of Ministry of Water Resources Beijing100053China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Large-scale vegetation restoration can reduce local watershed water yield,limit vegetation establishment and subsequent growth,and influence regional ecosystem functions.Clipping management by reducing aboveground parts of grassland was gradually recommended and adopted in Grain-for-Green project management to offset these additional issues.Thus,scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of clipping management on infiltration and runoff processes is necessary for maintaining the stability of the surface water system and the sustainability of vegetation restoration in semi-arid regions.A field simulated rainfall experiment was conducted with four managed clipping grasslands(mainly bunge needlegrass and Stipa grandis),including no clipping,light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping under three slope gradients(10,20,and 30°)and three rainfall intensities(60,90,and 120 mm/h)to explore the mechanism of runoff and infiltration responses to clipping using structural equation modeling and variation partitioning based on an SCS-CN model.The results showed the runoff coefficient of the light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping plots were 1.33,2.22,and 4.22 times that of the no clipping plot.The light clipping,heavy clipping,and complete clipping plots decreased the infiltration coefficients by 0%,5%,and 26%relative to the no clipping plot.Rainfall intensity dominated runoff and infiltration amounts,and clipping intensity's total effect was stronger than slope gradient.Clipping intensity and slope gradient were more influential on runoff with increasing rainfall intensity.The mutual inhibition effect was between clipping intensity and slope gradient on runoff.In order to maintain the sustainability of restoration,a 25-50%vegetation coverage after clipping maximizes the benefits of increasing runoff and maintaining enough soil water supply that prevents possible soil drought.We propose that future vegetation restoration policies should evaluate the appropriate clipping intensity;meanwhile,local physiograph

关键词： Runoff Infiltration Grassland clipping management SCS-CN model Structural equation model Variation partitioning

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The impact of demographic dynamics on food consumption and its environmental outcomes:Evidence from China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 414-429页

作者： Shaoting Li Xuan Chen Yanjun Ren Thomas Glauben College of Economics and Management Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies(IAMO) Halle(Saale)06120Germany Sino-German center for Agricultural and Food Economics Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

With increasing population and changing demographics,food consumption has experienced a significant transition in quantity and quality.However,a dearth of knowledge remains regarding its environmental impacts and how it responds to demographic dynamics,particularly in emerging economies like China.Using the two-stage Quadratic Almost Demand System(QUAIDS)model,this study empirically examines the impact of demographic dynamics on food consumption and its environmental outcomes based on the provincial data from 2000 to 2020 in China.Under various scenarios,according to changes in demographics,we extend our analysis to project the long-term trend of food consumption and its environmental impacts,including greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,water footprint(WF),and land appropriation(LA).The results reveal that an increase in the proportion of senior people significantly decreases the consumption of grain and livestock meat and increases the consumption of poultry,egg,and aquatic products,particularly for urban residents.Moreover,an increase in the proportion of males in the population leads to higher consumption of poultry and aquatic products.Correspondingly,in the current scenario of an increased aging population and sex ratio,it is anticipated that GHG emissions,WF,and LA are likely to decrease by 1.37,2.52,and 3.56%,respectively.More importantly,in the scenario adhering to the standards of nutritional intake according to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents in 2022,GHG emissions,WF,and LA in urban areas would increase by 12.78,20.94,and 18.32%,respectively.Our findings suggest that changing demographics should be considered when designing policies to mitigate the diet-environment-health trilemma and achieve sustainable food consumption.

关键词： demographic dynamics food consumption environmental impacts nutrition intakes

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Grain-filling strategies of wheat of contrasting grain sizes under various planting patterns and irrigation levels

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 897-906页

作者： Zimeng Liang Jingyi Feng Jiayu Li Yangyang Tang Tiankang He Vinay Nangia Yang Liu College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina International center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas Rabat 999055Morocco

In a study comparing grain filling and yield in a large-and a small-grain-size wheat cultivar under two planting patterns and two irrigation regimes,plastic-covered ridge and furrow planting with sprinkler irrigation increased grain filling and yield in both cultivars.The largest contributors to grain yield were an extended active grain-filling period in Shuangda 1 and an increased mean grain-filling rate in XN538.

关键词： Plastic-covered ridge and furrow cultivation Sprinkler irrigation Wheat Grain size Grain filling

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