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Cooperative function of antioxidant and redox systems against oxidative stress in male reproductive tissues

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2003年第3期5卷 231-242页

作者： Junichi Fujii Yoshihito Iuchi Shingo Matsuki Tatsuya Ishii Department of Biochemistry Yamagata University School of Medicine Yamagata 990 9585 JapanDepartment of Biochemistry Yamagata University School of Medicine Yamagata 990 9585 JapanDepartment of Biochemistry Yamagata University School of Medicine Yamagata 990 9585 JapanDepartment of Biochemistry Yamagata University School of Medicine Yamagata 990 9585 Japan

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced under oxidative stress, such as high oxygen concentration and during the metabolic consumption of oxygen molecules. Male reproductive tissues appear to be continuously exposed to ROS produced by active metabolism. In addition, spermatozoa must pass through a high oxygen environment during the mating process. Thus, to maintain viable reproductive ability, a protective mechanism against oxidative stress is of importance. Here, we overview our current understanding of the cooperative function of antioxidative and redox systems that are involved in male fertility. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase are major enzymes that scavenge harmful ROS in male reproductive organs. In turn, glutathione and thioredoxin systems constitute the main redox systems that repair oxidized and damaged molecules and also play a role in regulating a variety of cellular functions. While glutathione functions as an antioxidant by donating electrons to glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin donates electrons to peroxiredoxin as a counterpart of glutathione peroxidase. In addition, aldo-keto reductases, which detoxify carbonyl compounds produced by oxidative stress, are present at high levels in the epithelia of the genital tract and Sertoli cells of the testis. Since these systems are involved in cross-talk, a comprehensive understanding will be required to maintain the physiological functions of male reproductive system.

关键词： reactive oxygen species superoxide dismutase glutathione thioredoxin peroxiredoxin aldo-keto reduc-tase

Decreased levels of plasma adiponectin associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第10期16卷 1252-1257页

作者： Sayaka Otake Hiroaki Takeda Shoichiro Fujishima Tadahisa Fukui Tomohiko Orii Takeshi Sato Yu Sasaki Shoichi Nishise Sumio Kawata Department of Gastroenterology Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine Division of Endoscopy Yamagata University Hospital

AIM:To investigate the association between adiponectin levels and risk of colorectal adenoma and cancer (early and advanced).METHODS: A cross-sectional study in a cohort of hospital-based patients was conducted between January 2004 and March 2006 at yamagata university Hospital. Male subjects, who had colorectal tumors detected by endoscopic examination, were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Based on the T factor of the TNM system, intraepithelial carcinoma and submucosally invasive carcinoma were def ined as early cancer, and invasion into the muscularis propria or deeper was defined as advanced cancer. The plasma levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF binding protein-3, adiponectin, leptin, and resistin were measured. Each factor level was designated low or high, and the risk of adenoma or cancer was estimated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression ***: We enrolled 124 male subjects (47 with adenoma, 34 with early cancer, 17 with advanced cancer, and 26 without tumors as controls). In patients with adenoma, high triglyceride and low adiponectin were associated with a significant increase in the odds ratio (OR) by univariate analysis. Only a low adiponectin level was related to increased adenoma risk, with an adjusted OR for low level (<11 μg/mL) to high (≥11 μg/mL) of 5.762 (95% confidence interval (CI):1.683-19.739, P=0.005). In the patients with early cancer, high body mass index, high triglyceride, and low adiponectin were associated with a significant increase in OR in univariate analysis. Imultivariate analysis, only low adiponectin was significantly associated with early cancer, with an adjusted OR of 4.495 (95% CI:1.090-18.528, P=0.038). However, in patients with advanced cancer, low adiponectin was not recognized as a significant risk factor for advanced ***: A decreased level of adiponectin is str

关键词： Adenoma Early colorectal cancer Metabolic syndrome Adipokines Colonoscopy Resistin Leptin Body mass index

Alterations of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes in the development and progression of gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第2期12卷 192-198页

作者： Gen Tamura Department of Pathology Yamagata University School of MedicineYamagata 990-9585Japan

The development and progression of gastric cancer involves a number of genetic and epigenetic alterations of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes. The majority of differentiated carcinomas arise from intestinal metaplastic mucosa and exhibit structurally altered tumor suppressor genes, typified by p53, which is inactivated via the classic two-hit mechanism, i.e. loss of heterozygosity （LOH） and mutation of the remaining allele. LOH at certain chromosomal loci accumulates during tumor progression. Approximately 20% of differentiated carcinomas show evidence of mutator pathway tumorigenesis due to hMLH1 inactivation via hypermethylation of promoter CpG islands, and exhibit high-frequency microsatellite instability. In contrast, undifferentiated carcinomas rarely exhibit structurally altered tumor suppressor genes. For instance, while methylation of E-cadherin is often observed in undifferentiated carcinomas, mutation of this gene is generally associated with the progression from differentiated to undifferentiated carcinomas. Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor and tumor-related genes, including APC, CHFR, DAP- kinase, DCC, E-cadherin, GSTP1, hMLH1, p16, PTEN, RASSF1A, RUNX3, and TSLC1, can be detected in both differentiated and undifferentiated carcinomas at varying frequencies. However, the significance of the hypermethylation varies according to the analyzed genomic region, and hypermethylation of these genes can also be present in non-neoplastic gastric epithelia. Promoter demethylation of specific genes, such as MAGE and synudein y, can occur during the progressive stages of both histological types, and is associated with patient prognosis. Thus, while the molecular pathways of gastric carcinogenesis are dependent on histological background, specific genetic alterations can still be used for risk assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis.

关键词： Gastric cancer p53 E-cadherin hMLH1 Methylation

TMDs studied in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering at HERMES

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1494-1496页

作者： Y.Miyachi Department of Physics Yamagata University

The HERMES measured azimuthal amplitudes of cross sections and their transverse target single spin asymmetries for hadron productions in semi-inclusive deep inelastic *** the extracted amplitudes,novel parton distribu... 详细信息

关键词： nucleon structure proton spin intrinsic transverse momentum

Body composition changes following chemotherapy for testicular germ cell tumor:obesity is the long-term problem

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2022年第5期24卷 458-462页

作者： Yuki Takai Sei Naito Hidenori Kanno Atsushi Yamagishi Mayu Yagi Toshihiko Sakurai Hayato Nishida Takuya Yamanobe Tomoyuki Kato Norihiko Tsuchiya Department of Urology Yamagata University Faculty of MedicineYamagata 990-9585Japan

Metabolic syndrome is a long-term complication of systemic chemotherapy for testicular germ cell tumor(TGCT).It is believed to be caused by secondary hypogonadism or toxic medicines because of orchidectomy followed by systemic *** this study,changes in the body composition of patients over time were quantitatively analyzed up to 24 months after *** study retrospectively analyzed 44 patients with TGCT who underwent chemotherapy at our institution from January 2008 to December *** and visceral fat areas and psoas and skeletal muscle areas were measured by computed tomography before and immediately after chemotherapy as well as 3 months,6 months,12 months,and 24 months after *** subcutaneous and visceral fat indices and psoas and skeletal muscle indices were calculated as each area divided by body height *** total fat area had already significantly increased 3 months after the initiation of chemotherapy(P=0.004).However,it did not return to prechemotherapeutic levels even at 24 months after *** skeletal muscle area was significantly decreased at the end of chemotherapy(P<0.001);however,the value returned to baseline within 12 *** multivariable analysis,the prechemotherapeutic skeletal muscle index and number of chemotherapy cycles were independently associated with the reduction of skeletal muscle at the end of chemotherapy(P=0.001 and P=0.027,respectively).In patients with TGCT,skeletal muscle mass decreased during chemotherapy and recovered within 12 months,whereas fat mass progressively increased from the initiation of chemotherapy until 24 months after chemotherapy.

关键词： body composition chemotherapy obesity sarcopenia secondary hypogonadism testicular cancer

State Predictive Model Following Control System for Linear Time Delays

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2009年第2期6卷 186-191页

作者： Shigenori Okubo Faculty of Engineering Yamagata University

In this paper, we propose a new state predictive model following control system （MFCS）. The considered system has linear time delays. With the MFCS method, we obtain a simple input control law. The bounded property of the internal states for the control is given and the utility of this control design is guaranteed. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： State predictive time delays model following control system (MFCS) disturbances.

Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第10期13卷 1493-1499页

作者： Wataru Kimura Toshiyuki Moriya Jinfeng Ma Yukinori Kamio Toshihiro Watanabe Mitsukiro Yano Hiroto Fujimoto Koji Tezuka Ichiro Hirai Akira Fuse Gastroenterological and General Surgery (First Department of Surgery)Yamagata University School of Medicine2-2-2 Iida-NishiYamagata CityYamagata 990-9585Japan

PreservaUon of the spleen at distal pancreatectomy has recently attracted considerable attention. Since our first successful trial, spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein for tumors of the pancreas and chronic pancreatitis has been performed more frequently. The technique for spleenpreserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein are outlined. The splenic vein is identified behind the pancreas and within the thin connective tissue membrane. The connective tissue membrane is cut longitudinally above the splenic vein. An important issue is to remove the splenic vein from the body of the pancreas toward the spleen, since a different approach may be very difficult. The pancreas is preferably removed from the splenic artery toward the head of the pancreas itself. This procedure is much easier than removing the pancreas from the vein side. One patient had undergone distal gastrectomy for duodenal ulcer, with reconstruction by Billroth Ⅱ tehcnique. If distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy had been performed for the lesion of the distal pancreas at the time, the residual stomach would also have to be resected. The potential damage done to the patient by reconstruction of the gastrointestinal tract in combination with distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy would have been much greater than with distal pancreatectomy only with preservation of the spleen and residual stomach. Benign lesions as well as low-grade malignancy of the body and tail of the pancreas may be a possible indication for this procedure.

关键词： Spleen preservation Intraductal Papillary-Mucinous Neoplasm Splenic artery Splenic vein The fusion fascia of Treitz and Toldt

Transmission of hepatitis C virus: Self-limiting hepatitis or chronic hepatitis?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第41期19卷 6957-6961页

作者： Takafumi Saito Yoshiyuki Ueno Department of Gastroenterology Yamagata University School of MedicineYamagata 990-9585Japan

It has been suggested that hepatitis C virus(HCV)is selectively transmitted to a new host as an infectious clone from multiple HCV variants(quasispecies)in the *** individuals with HCV infection develop chronic hepatitis,but approximately 15%-40%of them clear the virus spontaneously and the hepatitis is resolved in a self-limiting manner in the acute phase of *** difference in the outcome of acute hepatitis C is attributable to both viral characteristics and genetic regulation of *** particular,the evolutionary dynamics of the infecting virus and host genetic polymorphisms pertaining mainly to the immune system,including polymorphisms in the region of the Interleukin 28B gene encoding interferon-λ-3,are associated with susceptibility to HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C Spontaneous clearance Interleukin 28B Single nucleotide polymorphism Interferon-λ

Pancreatic schwannoma:Case report and an updated 30-year review of the literature yielding 47 cases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1538-1544页

作者： Toshiyuki Moriya Wataru Kimura Ichiro Hirai Akiko Takeshita Koji Tezuka Toshihiro Watanabe Masaomi Mizutani Akira Fuse First Department of Surgery Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine2-2-2 Iida-NishiYamagata 990-9585Japan

Pancreatic schwannomas are rare neoplasms. Authors briefly describe a 64-year-old female patient with cystic pancreatic schwannoma mimicking other cystic tumors and review the literature. Databases for PubMed were searched for English-language articles from 1980 to 2010 using a list of keywords, as well as references from review articles. Only 41 articles, including 47 cases, have been reported in the English literature. The mean age was 55.7 years （range 20-87 years）, with 45% of patients being male. Mean tumor size was 6.2 cm （range 1-20 cm）. Tumor location was the head （40%）, head and body （6%）, body （21%）, body and tail （15%）, tail （4%）, and uncinate process （13%）. Thirty-four percent of patients exhibited solid tumors and 60% of patients exhibited cystic tumors. Treatment included pancreati- coduodenectomy （32%）, distal pancreatectomy （21%）, enucleation （15%）, unresectable （4%）, refused opera- tion （2%） and the detail of resection was not specified in 26% of patients. No patients died of disease with a mean follow-up of 15.7 mo （range 3-65 too）, although 5 （11%） patients had a malignancy. The tumor size was significantly related to malignant tumor （13.8 ＋ 6.2 cm for malignancy vs 5.5 ＋ 4.4 cm for benign, P = 0.001） and cystic formation （7.9 ~ 5.9 cm for cystic tumor vs 3.9 ＋ 2.4 cm for solid tumor, P = 0.005）. The preoperative diagnosis of pancreatic schwannoma remains difficult. Cystic pancreatic schwannomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic neoplasms and pseudocysts. In our caset intraoperative frozen sec- tion confirmed the diagnosis of a schwannoma. Simple enudeation may be adequate, if this is possible.

关键词： Pancreatic schwannoma Pancreas Schwanno-ma Neurinoma Resection Imaging Enucleation Progno-sis Cystic