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Host plant traits play a crucial role in shaping the composition of epiphytic microbiota in the arid desert,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第5期16卷 699-724页

作者： ZHANG Jun ZHANG Yuanming ZHANG Qi State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China xinjiang field scientific observation research station of tianshan wild fruit forest ecosystem Yili Botanical GardenXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China College of Life Sciences Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003China

Phyllosphere microorganisms are a crucial component of environmental microorganisms,highly influenced by host characteristics,and play a significant role in plant health and productivity.Nonetheless,the impact of host characteristics on shaping phyllosphere microbial communities of plants with different life forms remains ambiguous.Utilizing high-throughput sequencing technology,this study analyzed the diversity and community composition of phyllosphere epiphytic microorganisms(e.g.,bacteria and fungi)of various plant life forms in the hinterland of the Gurbantunggut Desert,Northwest China.Functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa(FAPROTAX)and fungi function guild(FUNGuild)were employed to assess the ecological functions of microorganisms and to investigate the role of stochastic and deterministic processes in shaping phyllosphere microbial communities.Result showed a diverse array of phyllosphere epiphytic microorganisms in the desert plants,with Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria,and Actinobacteriota dominating bacterial community,while Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were prevalent in fungal community.Comparison across different plant life forms highlighted distinct microbial communities,indicating strong filtering effects by plant characteristics.FAPROTAX prediction identified intracellular parasites(accounting for 27.44%of bacterial community abundance),chemoheterotrophy(10.12%),and phototrophy(17.41%)as the main functions of epiphytic bacteria on leaves of different life form plants.FUNGuild prediction indicated that phyllosphere epiphytic fungi primarily served as Saprotrophs(81.77%),Pathotrophs(17.41%),and Symbiotrophs(0.82%).Co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated a predominance of positive correlations among different microbial taxa.Raup-Crick dissimilarity index analysis revealed that deterministic processes predominantly influenced phyllosphere bacterial and fungal community assembly.Variance partitioning analysis and random forest modeling suggested that plant leaf functional traits significantly impacted

关键词： phyllosphere epiphytic bacteria phyllosphere epiphytic fungi community structure community diversity functional diversity plant life form plant functional traits

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Impacts of Aggregation Methods and Trophospecies Number on the Structure and Function of Marine Food Webs

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第1期23卷 190-198页

作者： LI Pengcheng ZHANG Chongliang XU Binduo JI Yupeng LI Fan REN Yiping XUE Ying Laboratory of Fisheries ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment College of FisheriesOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China field observation and research station of Haizhou Bay Fishery ecosystem Ministry of EducationQingdao 266003China Shandong Marine Resources and Environment research Institute Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine EcologyYantai 264006China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Aggregation of species with similar ecological properties is one of the effective methods to simplify food web researches.However,species aggregation will affect not only the complexity of modeling process but also the accuracy of models’outputs.Selection of aggregation methods and the number of trophospecies are the keys to study the simplification of food web.In this study,three aggregation methods,including taxonomic aggregation(TA),structural equivalence aggregation(SEA),and self-organizing maps(SOM),were analyzed and compared with the linear inverse model–Markov Chain Monte Carlo(LIM-MCMC)model.Impacts of aggregation methods and trophospecies number on food webs were evaluated based on the robustness and unitless of ecological net-work indices.Results showed that aggregation method of SEA performed better than the other two methods in estimating food web structure and function indices.The effects of aggregation methods were driven by the differences in species aggregation principles,which will alter food web structure and function through the redistribution of energy flow.According to the results of mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)which can be applied to evaluate the accuracy of the model,we found that MAPE in food web indices will increase with the reducing trophospecies number,and MAPE in food web function indices were smaller and more stable than those in food web structure indices.Therefore,trade-off between simplifying food webs and reflecting the status of ecosystem should be con-sidered in food web studies.These findings highlight the importance of aggregation methods and trophospecies number in the analy-sis of food web simplification.This study provided a framework to explore the extent to which food web models are affected by dif-ferent species aggregation,and will provide scientific basis for the construction of food webs.

关键词： LIM-MCMC model species aggregation trophospecies number aggregation methods food web indices

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A review of physicochemical properties of dissolved organic carbon and its impact over mountain glaciers

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 1-19页

作者： NIU Hewen CHEN Mengxue KANG Shichang SHUKLA Tanuj QIN Huili GAO Wanni HUANG Shihai ZHANG Fu State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences/National field Science observation and research station of Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Politics and International Relations Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 10049China Dagu Glacier Scenic and Historic Interest Area Administration Luhua TownHeishui 615715China

Investigating the characteristics and transformation of water-soluble carbonaceous matter in the cryosphere regions is important for understanding biogeochemical process in the earth system.Water-soluble carbonaceous matter is a heterogeneous mixture of organic compounds that is soluble in aquatic environments.Despite its importance,we still lack systematic understanding for dissolved organic carbon(DOC)in several aspects including exact chemical composition and physical interactions with microorganisms,glacier meltwater.This review presents the chemical composition and physical properties of glacier DOC deposited through anthropogenic emission,terrestrial,and biogenic sources.We present the molecular composition of DOC and its effect over snow albedo and associated radiative forcings.Results indicate that DOC in snow/ice is made up of aromatic protein-like species,fulvic acid-like materials,and humic acid-like materials.Light-absorbing impurities in surface snow and glacier ice cause considerable albedo reduction and the associated radiative forcing is definitely positive.Water-soluble carbonaceous matter dominated the carbon transport in the high-altitude glacial area.Owing to prevailing global warming and projected increase in carbon emission,the glacial DOC is expected to release,which will have strong underlying impacts on cryosphere ecosystem.The results of this work have profound implications for better understanding the carbon cycle in high altitude cryosphere regions.A new compilation of globally distributed work is required,including large-scale measurements of glacial DOC over high-altitude cryosphere regions,to overcome and address the scientific challenges to constrain climate impacts of light-absorbing impurities related processes in Earth system and climate models.

关键词： Mountain glaciers Dissolved organic carbon Molecular composition Radiative forcing

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Estimating the optimal vegetation coverage for the dominant tree and shrub species over China's northwest drylands

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1500-1517页

作者： Zhongdian ZHANG Xiaoxu JIA Ping ZHU Mingbin HUANG Lidong REN Ming’an SHAO School of Geographic Sciences Xinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China Key Laboratory of ecosystem Network observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Anthropogenic revegetation is an effective way to control soil erosion and restore degraded ecosystems in China's northwest drylands(NWD).However,excessive vegetation cover expansion has long been known to increase evapotranspiration,leading to reduced local water availability,which can in turn threaten the health and services of restored ecosystems.Determining the optimal vegetation coverage(OVC)is critical for balancing the trade-off between plant growth and water consumption in water-stressed areas,yet quantitative assessments over the entire NWD are still lacking.In this study,a modified Biome BioGeochemical Cycles(Biome-BGC)model was used to simulate the long-term(1961–2020)dynamics of actual evapotranspiration(ET_(a)),net primary productivity(NPP),and leaf area index(LAI)for the dominant non-native tree(R.pseudoacacia and P.sylvestris)and shrub(C.korshinkii and H.rhamnoides)species at 246 meteorological sites over NWD.The modified model incorporated the Richards equation to simulate transient unsaturated water flow in a multilayer soil module,and both soil and eco-physiological parameters required by the model were validated using field-observed ETadata for each species.Spatial distributions of OVC(given by the mean maximum LAI,LAI_(max))for the dominant species were determined within three hydrogeomorphic sub-areas(i.e.,the loess hilly-gully sub-area,the windy and sandy sub-area,and the desert sub-area).The modified Biome-BGC model performed well in terms of simulating ET_(a) dynamics for the four plant species.Spatial distributions of mean ET_a,NPP,and LAI_(max)generally exhibited patterns similar to mean annual precipitation(MAP).In the loess hilly-gully sub-area(MAP:210 to 710 mm),the OVC respectively ranged from 1.7 to 2.9 and 0.8 to 2.9 for R.pseudoacacia and H.rhamnoides.In the windy and sandy sub-area(MAP:135 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.3 to 3.3,0.5 to 2.6 and 0.6 to 2.1for P.sylvestris,C.korshinkii and H.rhamnoides,respectively.In the desert sub-area(MAP:90 to 500 mm),the OVC ranged from 0.4 t

关键词： Optimal vegetation coverage Water balance Leaf area index Biome-BGC model Dryland

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Reclamation during oasification is conducive to the accumulation of the soil organic carbon pool in arid land

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第3期15卷 344-358页

作者： YANG Yuxin GONG Lu TANG Junhu College of Ecology and Environment Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Ministry of EducationUrumqi 830017China xinjiang Jinghe observation and research station of Temperate Desert ecosystem Ministry of EducationUrumqi 830017China

Soil organic carbon(SOC)and its stable isotope composition reflect key information about the carbon cycle in ecosystems.Studies of carbon fractions in oasis continuous cotton-cropped fields can elucidate the SOC stability mechanism under the action of the human-land relationship during the oasification of arid land,which is critical for understanding the carbon dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems in arid lands under global climate change.In this study,we investigated the Alar Reclamation Area on the northern edge of the Tarim Basin,xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China,in 2020.In original desert and oasis farmlands with different reclamation years,including 6,10,18,and 30 a,and different soil depths(0-20,20-40,40-60 cm),we analyzed the variations in SOC,very liable carbon(C_(VL)),liable carbon(C_(L)),less liable carbon(C_(LL)),and non-liable carbon(C_(NL))using the method of spatial series.The differences in the stable carbon isotope ratio(δ^(13)C)and beta(β)values reflecting the organic carbon decomposition rate were also determined during oasification.Through redundancy analysis,we derived and discussed the relationships among SOC,carbon fractions,δ^(13)C,and other soil physicochemical properties,such as the soil water content(SWC),bulk density(BD),pH,total salt(TS),total nitrogen(TN),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK).The results showed that there were significant differences in SOC and carbon fractions of oasis farmlands with different reclamation years,and the highest SOC was observed at the oasis farmland with 30-a reclamation year.C_(VL),C_(L),C_(LL),and C_(NL) showed significant changes among oasis farmlands with different reclamation years,and C_(VL) had the largest variation range(0.40-4.92 g/kg)and accounted for the largest proportion in the organic carbon pool.The proportion of C_(NL) in the organic carbon pool of the topsoil(0-20 cm)gradually increased.δ^(13)C varied from-25.61‰to-22.58‰,with the topsoil showing the most positive value at the oasis farmland with 10-a reclamation

关键词： oasification soil organic carbon carbon fractions labile carbon δ^(13)C arid land

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Projection of hydrothermal condition in Central Asia under four SSP-RCP scenarios

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第5期14卷 521-536页

作者： YAO Linlin ZHOU Hongfei YAN Yingjie LI Lanhai SU Yuan State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Fukang National field scientific observation and research station for Desert ecosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesFukang 831505China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ili station for Watershed ecosystem research Chinese Academy of SciencesXinyuan 835800China CAS research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Urumqi 830011China xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone Urumqi 830011China

Hydrothermal condition is mismatched in arid and semi-arid regions,particularly in Central Asia(including Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,Uzbekistan,and Turkmenistan),resulting many environmental limitations.In this study,we projected hydrothermal condition in Central Asia based on bias-corrected multi-model ensembles(MMEs)from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathway and Representative Concentration Pathway(SSP-RCP)scenarios(SSP126(SSP1-RCP2.6),SSP245(SSP2-RCP4.5),SSP460(SSP4-RCP6.0),and SSP585(SSP5-RCP8.5))during 2015-2100.The bias correction and spatial disaggregation,water-thermal product index,and sensitivity analysis were used in this study.The results showed that the hydrothermal condition is mismatched in the central and southern deserts,whereas the region of Pamir Mountains and tianshan Mountains as well as the northern plains of Kazakhstan showed a matched hydrothermal condition.Compared with the historical period,the matched degree of hydrothermal condition improves during 2046-2075,but degenerates during 2015-2044 and 2076-2100.The change of hydrothermal condition is sensitive to precipitation in the northern regions and the maximum temperatures in the southern regions.The result suggests that the optimal scenario in Central Asia is SSP126 scenario,while SSP585 scenario brings further hydrothermal contradictions.This study provides scientific information for the development and sustainable utilization of hydrothermal resources in arid and semi-arid regions under climate change.

关键词： hydrothermal condition water-thermal product index bias correction and spatial disaggregation SSP-RCP scenarios Central Asia

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Monitoring and analysis of snow cover change in an alpine mountainous area in the tianshan Mountains,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第9期14卷 962-977页

作者： ZHANG Yin GULIMIRE Hanati SULITAN Danierhan HU Keke State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Aksu National station of observation and research for Oasis Agro-ecosystem Aksu 843017China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China xinjiang Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower research Urumqi 830049China

Estimating the snow cover change in alpine mountainous areas(in which meteorological stations are typically lacking)is crucial for managing local water resources and constitutes the first step in evaluating the contribution of snowmelt to runoff and the water cycle.In this paper,taking the Jingou River Basin on the northern slope of the tianshan Mountains,China as an example,we combined a new moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)snow cover extent product over China spanning from 2000 to 2020 with digital elevation model(DEM)data to study the change in snow cover and the hydrological response of runoff to snow cover change in the Jingou River Basin under the background of climate change through trend analysis,sensitivity analysis and other methods.The results indicate that from 2000 to 2020,the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in the study area increased and snow cover fraction(SCF)showed obvious signs of periodicity.Furthermore,there were significant regional differences in the spatial distribution of snow cover days(SCDs),which were numerous in the south of the basin and sparse in the central of the basin.Factors affecting the change in snow cover mainly included temperature,precipitation,elevation,slope and aspect.Compared to precipitation,temperature had a greater impact on SCF.The annual variation in SCF was limited above the elevation of 4200 m,but it fluctuated greatly below the elevation of 4200 m.These results can be used to establish prediction models of snowmelt and runoff for alpine mountainous areas with limited hydrological data,which can provide a scientific basis for the management and protection of water resources in alpine mountainous areas.

关键词： snow cover fraction snow cover days snowmelt runoff sensitivity analysis climate change Jingou River Basin tianshan Mountains

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Precipitation trends and variability from 1950 to 2000 in arid lands of Central Asia

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第4期7卷 514-526页

作者： XU Ligang ZHOU Hongfei DU Li YAO Haijiao WANG Huaibo Fukang National field scientific observation and research station for Desert ecosystems Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of Sciences scientific research Institute of Water Conservancy of Ningxia

Climate warming will cause differences in precipitation distribution and changes in hydrological cycle both at regional and global scales. Arid lands of Central Asia （ALCA）, one of the largest arid regions at the middle latitudes in the world, is likely to be strongly influenced by climate warming. Understanding the precipitation varia- tions in the past is an important prerequisite for predicting future precipitation trends and thus managing regional water resources in such an arid region. In this study, we used run theory, displacement, extreme deviation theory, precipitation concentration index （PCI）, Mann-Kendall rank correlation and climatic trend coefficient methods to analyze the precipitation in wet and dry years, changes in precipitation over multiple-time scales, variability of precipitation and its rate of change based on the monthly precipitation data during 1950-2000 from 344 meteorological stations in the ALCA. The occurrence probability of a single year with abundant precipitation was higher than that of a single year with less precipitation. The average duration of extreme drought in the entire area was 5 years, with an average annual water deficit of 34.6 mm （accounting for 11.2% of the average annual precipitation over the duration）. The occurrence probability of a single wet year was slightly higher than that of a single dry year. The occurrence probability of more than 5 consecutive wet years was 5.8%, while the occurrence probability of more than 5 consecutive dry years was 6.2%. In the center of the study area, the distribution of precipitation was stable at an intra-annual timescale, with small changes at an inter-annual timescale. In the western part of the study area, the monthly variation of precipitation was high at an inter-annual timescale. There were clear seasonal changes in precipitation （PC1=12-36） in the ALCA. Precipitation in spring and winter accounted for 37.7% and 24.4% of the annual precipitation, respectively There was a significant inter-annual change in precipitation in t

关键词： arid lands of Central Asia precipitation stability tendency Mann-Kendall method

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Projections of surface air temperature and precipitation in the 21st century in the Qilian Mountains,Northwest China,using REMO in the CORDEX

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Advances in Climate Change research 2022年第3期13卷 344-358页

作者： Lan-Ya LIU Xue-Jia WANG Xiao-Hua GOU Mei-Xue YANG Zi-Han ZHANG Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Gansu Liancheng forest ecosystem field observation and research station Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730333China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Qilian Mountains(QM)is an important ecological security barrier in China and has been significantly affected by climate change,it is therefore of great importance and necessity to project its future climate change using high-resolution climate models because of mountainous areas in the QM and relatively few targeted simulation analyses.In this study,we used the simulations of the regional climate model REMO with 25 km spatial resolution,driven by three different global climate models(MPI-ESM-MR,NorESM1-M,and HadGEM2-ES),to evaluate how annual and seasonal mean surface air temperature and precipitation in the QM are likely to change for three future periods(2011-2040,2041-2070,and 2071-2100)under two representative concentration pathways(RCP2.6 and RCP8.5).The REMO model,shows noticeable cold and wet biases compared to observations for the reference period(1971-2000)and air temperature simulation outperforms precipitation simulation.The REMO simulations exhibit a warm and wet centre around lake,indicating that the simulation are likely influenced by lake.Projections under RCP2.6 show regional warming reaching 1.74℃ during 2011-2100,characterized by an initial increase and a decrease afterwards.Under RCP8.5,air temperatures increase monotonously from 2011 to 2100,with a warming magnitude of 5.36℃ for 2071-2100 relative to 1971-2000.The overall change in regional-average annual precipitation is not evident during 2011-2100,with some increases or decreases in certain time periods.In the 2071-2100 both the strongest warming and precipitation increase are projected to occur in winter under both scenarios,while precipitation in summer and autumn is projected to decrease in the east of the QM for the three future periods.The results suggest that the QM is likely to experience drought conditions in warm seasons in the future,which could impact agricultural and livestock production.

关键词： Qilian Mountains Climate projection REMO RCP scenario Regional climate model

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Evaluation of the water conservation function in the Ili River Delta of Central Asia based on the InVEST model

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第12期15卷 1455-1473页

作者： CAO Yijie MA Yonggang BAO Anming CHANG Cun LIU Tie College of Geography and Remote Sensing Sciences Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China xinjiang Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China College of Ecology and Environment Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China xinjiang Jinghe observation and research station of Temperate Desert ecosystem Ministry of EducationJinghe 833300China Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology of Education Ministry Urumqi 830046China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of GIS&RS Application Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqi 830011China

The Ili River Delta(IRD)is an ecological security barrier for the Lake Balkhash and an important water conservation area in Central Asia.In this study,we selected the IRD as a typical research area,and simulated the water yield and water conservation from 1975 to 2020 using the water yield module of the Integrated Valuation of ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model.We further analyzed the temporal and spatial variations in the water yield and water conservation in the IRD from 1975 to 2020,and investigated the main driving factors(precipitation,potential evapotranspiration,land use/land cover change,and inflow from the Ili River)of the water conservation variation based on the linear regression,piecewise linear regression,and Pearson's correlation coefficient analyses.The results indicated that from 1975 to 2020,the water yield and water conservation in the IRD showed a decreasing trend,and the spatial distribution pattern was"high in the east and low in the west";overall,the water conservation of all land use types decreased slightly.The water conservation volume of grassland was the most reduced,although the area of grassland increased owing to the increased inflow from the Ili River.At the same time,the increased inflow has led to the expansion of wetland areas,the improvement of vegetation growth,and the increase of regional evapotranspiration,thus resulting in an overall reduction in the water conservation.The water conservation depth and precipitation had similar spatial distribution patterns;the change in climate factors was the main reason for the decline in the water conservation function in the delta.The reservoir in the upper reaches of the IRD regulated runoff into the Lake Balkhash,promoted vegetation restoration,and had a positive effect on the water conservation;however,this positive effect cannot offset the negative effect of enhanced evapotranspiration.These results provide a reference for the rational allocation of water resources and ecosystem protection in the IRD.

关键词： water conservation function water yield Integrated Valuation of ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST)model climate change land use/land cover change(LUCC) Ili River Delta Lake Balkhash

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