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Long-term Field Corrosion Monitoring in Supporting Structures of China xiamen Xiangan Subsea Tunnel

Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第4期30卷 399-408页

作者： Chao-Yang Gong Xiao-Yong He Yong-Wei Li Si-Zhe He Xuan Cheng Liu-Ying Huang Ying Zhang Jiu-Bin Chen Shao-Hui Xu Jian-Bin Zhang Chao Zeng Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Materials Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials (xiamen University) Xiamen 361005 China xiamen Road and Bridge Construction Group Co. LtdXiamen 361000 China

xiamen Xiangan Subsea Tunnel is the first undersea tunnel constructed in China. It has become the major undersea pathway connecting xiamen Island and Xiangan District since its operation in 2010. The total length is 6.05 km with the undersea length of 4.2 km. In an effort to onsite-monitor reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures, the commercially available CorroWatch multiprobe sensors and ERE-20 reference electrodes were pre-embedded in the selected locations and positions of supporting structures during the tunnel constructions. The real-time data have been collected annually by onsite measurements for 6 years. In this paper, the feasibility of the onsite corrosion monitoring system and suitability of the measured parameters including corrosion current, potential and temperature are discussed based on the preliminary results. The measured typical cyclic-type variations in corrosion current and temperature with monitoring time might be related to the seasonal changes during the annual routine measurements. The widely scattered corrosion potentials that are fluctuated complicatedly reflected localized differences in the vicinity of rebar and concrete. These findings, along with the progressively ongoing research, will provide valuable information in structural durability for service life prediction of reinforced concrete structures exposed to marine environments.

关键词： Corrosion monitor Corrosion current Corrosion behavior Sensors

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Spatiotemporal variations of benthic macrofaunal community in the xiamen Amphioxus Nature Reserve, eastern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第6期39卷 10-18页

作者： Yiyong Rao Lizhe Cai Wenjun Li Xinwei Chen Deyuan Yang College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Key Laboratory of the Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems(xiamen University) Ministry of EducationXiamen 361102China

In order to realize the spatiotemporal variations of benthic macrofaunal communities at the"Amphioxus Sand"habitat,six surveys including four seasons and three consecutive summers(i.e.,2014,2015 and 2016)were conducted in two core sites,i.e.,Huangcuo(HC)and Nanxian-Shibaxian(NX),in the xiamen Amphioxus Nature Reserve in China.A total of 155 species of macrofauna were recorded,therein,polychaetes were dominant in terms of species number and *** spatiotemporal variations of macrofaunal communities were *** density of polychaetes and the biomass of molluscs in the HC site were higher than those in the NX *** were more diverse and abundant in the cold seasons(winter and spring)than that in the warm seasons(summer and autumn).The annual variations of macrofaunal communities may be attributed to the changes in sediment texture among the three years of the *** variations in macrofaunal communities were mainly related to the proportion of polychaetes within the *** addition,the density of amphioxus(include Branchiostoma japonicum and ***)was negatively correlated to that of polychaetes,bivalves,and *** was less likely to be found in the sediments with higher silt and clay *** biotic indices including Margaref’s richness index(d),Peilou’s evenness index(J′),Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′),AMBI and M-AMBI were calculated in the present *** seems suitable in assessing benthic health at the"Amphioxus Sand"habitat,and a potential risk of ecological health in xiamen Amphioxus Nature Reserve should be aware.

关键词： spatiotemporal variation Amphioxus Sand benthic macrofaunal community Branchiostoma biotic index

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MECHANISM OF PHOSPHORUS RELEASE FROM THE SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE IN xiamen BAY

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1991年第4期9卷 329-336页

作者：吴瑜端林月玲王隆发郑志宏 xiamen University Xiamen 361005

The adsorption/desorption of phosphorus across the sediment -water interface is the main mechanism that controls the buffering capacity of DRP in coastal and estuarine water. Determination by three processes revealed that: 1) DRP flux from early diagenesis in surface sediment is F = 31.9ug/(m2.d ), which is only 1/1600 of the ammonia released; 2) at normal temperature and in the long term, the TDP released by adsorption /desorption across the sediment-water interface is a function of the major environmental factors; and 3) based on the determined SODR and assumed average water depth H(m) and residence time tR(d), the maximum flux of DRP can be estimated.

关键词： phosphorus desorption ammonia residence xiamen sewage dissolved sedimentation released assumed

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The study on three-dimensional numerical model and fronts of the Jiulong Estuary and the xiamen Bay

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2012年第4期31卷 55-64页

作者： LUO Zhibin PAN Weiran LI Li ZHANG Guorong College of Oceanography and Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationXiamen 361005China

Applying the methods of on-site observation and dynamic model, the research on the fronts at the Jiulong Estuary has been carried out, during which spatial and temporal distribution, dynamic characteristics and formation mechanism of salinity fronts are analyzed and discussed. The research shows that the estuarine fronts mainly lie in the area from the Jiyu Islet to the Haimen Island, outside of Yuweizai to Hulishan cross-section, the near coast of Yuweizai and the south of the Songyu-Gulangyu Channel. The fronts in the former two regions are formed directly by plume, while the one near the coast of Yuweizai is a tidal intrusion front caused by flood current and the one at the south of the Songyu-Gulangyu Channel is the result of current shear transformation. Under normal circumstances, fresh water of the Jiulong River mainly influences the inside of the xiamen Bay, and when it is in typhoon seasons, plume front can affect the Taiwan Strait and has an effect on the biogeochemical Drocesses in the strait.

关键词： Jiulong Estuary xiamen Bay three-dimensional numerical model fronts

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Long-term changes of phytoplankton community in Xiagu waters of xiamen,China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第6期29卷 104-114页

作者： CHEN Baohong XU Zhuhua ZHOU Qiulin CHEN Changping GAO Yahui YANG Shengyun JI Weidong School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Xiamen 361005 China Marine Environment and Fishery Resources Monitoring Center of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350003 China Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

Long-term changes of phytoplankton community by water sampling method in Xiagu Sea waters of xiamen,China,were investigated in this *** composition of the phytoplankton community in these waters changed greatly since the *** numbers of Dinophyta species increased significantly,although Bacillariophyta species are generally *** succession of dominant species in phytoplankton community is obvious： large-size dominant species such as Biddulphia sinensis of the 1950s were gradually replaced by small-size ones such as Cyclotella striata and Nitzschia closterium,and species that still maintain dominant such as Skeletonema costatum are also small ones,leading the whole phytoplankton community of smaller *** density of phytoplankton community increased greatly,among which cell density of the most dominant species Skeletonema costatum have been increasing in exponent *** index of phytoplankton community decreased,indicating decline of biodiversity of the community,and dominant character of Skeletonema costatum ***,the structure of the entire phytoplankton community is becoming more and more singular and unstable,which makes the occurrence of red tides more *** succession in the phytoplankton community is related to the long-term changes in marine environment,influenced by human activities and global climate changes,especially the increases of nutrient content.

关键词： phytoplankton community structure xiamen water sampling long-term

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STUDIES ON THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION,ENERGETICS AND ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS OF THREE MUDSKIPPERS IN xiamen HARBOUR

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1995年第4期13卷 374-379页

作者：王军苏永全 Institute of Subtropical Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen

Measurements were made on the contents of protein, lipid, glycogen (PLG) and water, and on caloric values and amino acids, in muscle of three mudskippers Periophthalmis cantonensis, Scarteiaos viridis and Boleophthalmus pectinirostris collected from Haicang, xiamen. The essential amino acids (EAA) for these fishes were also studied with radioisotopic trace method. The results showed: (1) The content of each component in tested fish muscles differed slightly, and protein was the most important component making up from 6.685% to 9.891% of the wet weight (about 44.21%-50.45% of dry weight); (2) Energy calculated from the sum of protein, lipid and glycogen in wet muscle was low (<4.3kJ/g) in these fishes, especially in B. pectinirostris (<3.1 kJ/g); the ratios of energy to protein content (E/P) also were low (<39.873 -45.535kJ/g); (3) Seventeen amino acids were determined in these three fishes. The content of the same amino acid (among the seventeen) tested in different species and sexes varied slightly. The amounts of methionine, phenylalanine lysine, arginme, histidine, threonine isoleucine and leucine which are indispensable for the needs of human beings and animals were relative-ly high, accounting for 47.35%-48.06% of the total amino acid content. (4) Leucine, isoleucine, arginme, lysine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, histidine, threonine, and valine, are essential in the diet of the three mudskippers as the radioisotopic trace method using D-[U-^(14) C]-glucose showed little or no radioactivity was incorporated into these ten amino acids.

关键词： biochemical composition energetics amino acids mudskippers

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Seasonal export fluxes of size-fractionated particulate derived from polonium-210: A case study in xiamen Bay

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第2期28卷 379-386页

作者：杨伟锋黄奕普陈敏邱雨生 Department of Oceanography Xiamen University

Size-fractionated 210Po and 210Pb, in the size fractions >0.4 μm, >2 μm and >10 μm, were examined to determine the seasonal variability of particulate fluxes in xiamen Bay. Good correlations between 210Po and particulate organic carbon (POC) or non-Particulate Organic Matter (nPOM) suggested that 210Po can be used to trace the export fluxes of POC and nPOM. Both steady-state (SS) model and nSS model were used to evaluate fluxes of size-fractionated 210Po, results showed that nSS model was better than the SS model in coastal areas. Based on the nSS model, size-fractionated POC fluxes decreased with increasing particle size. For the particle size studied, maximum POC fluxes occurred in autumn, followed by spring, winter, and summer. Fluxes of nPOM were an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding size-fractionated POC fluxes. Differences between size-fractionated nPOM fluxes indicated that hydrodynamic conditions were the main factor regulating transportation of particulate out of the inner Bay. In winter most particulates, including >10 μm particles, were transported under the strongest hydrodynamic conditions. In contrast, only a fraction of the <2 μm particulates were transported from the inner Bay in spring. This study suggested that 210Po is a powerful tracer of seasonal particulate export in coastal seas.

关键词： POC 210Po 210Pb thorium size fractionation

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Comparison of the community structure of planktonic bacteria in ballast water from entry ships and local sea water in xiamen Port

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第8期19卷 947-953页

作者： Ying Ma a, Hejian Xiongb, Senming Tangc, Qingshuang Yang d, Minjuan Li a a Fisheries College of Jimei University, xiamen 361021, China b Bioengineering College of Jimei University, xiamen 361021, China c The Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, xiamen 361005, China d xiamen Entry–Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, xiamen 361012, China Fisheries College of Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China Bioengineering College of Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China The Third Institute of Oceanography SOA Xiamen 361005 China xiamen Entry–Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Xiamen 361012 China

In this study, the bacterial community structures in samples of ballast water collected from a ship from Singapore and of local sea water collected from xiamen Port were compared using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Except for dominant a-Proteobacteria that are common to both systems, the bacterial community structures of the two systems were quite different. Most of the clones derived from the different systems were grouped into different phylogenetic clusters, and the systems share only one common RFLP pattern. The ballast water, which is likely from clean offshore waters, contains sequences specific to aand c-Proteobacteria. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the ballast water contained sequences belonging to attached bacteria and bacteria commonly found in the open sea, as well as many novel sequences. In addition, no known pathogenic bacteria were detected in the ballast water samples. Conversely, water samples from xiamen Port were apparently affected by the near shore environments. Specifically, in addition to aand c-Proteobacteria, water from xiamen Port contained band d-Proteobacteria, Synechococcus, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria, which are common in coastal environments. Additionally, four pathogenic bacterial sequences and one plasmid sequence of a potential red tide forming alga were detected in the water from xiamen Port, which suggests that the local sea water is polluted. The results of this study can be used as background information to assess the risk associated with the introduction of non-indigenous species to local systems and to establish ballast water management systems.

关键词： xiamen Ballast water Bacteria 16S rDNA Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)

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Numerical modeling of hydrodynamic changes due to coastal reclamation projects in xiamen Bay,China

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2013年第2期31卷 334-344页

作者：王佳洪华生周鲁闽胡建宇江毓武 State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Ocean & Fisheries Bureau of xiamen

xiamen Bay in South China has experienced extensive coastal exploitation since the 1950s,resulting in some severe environmental *** authorities now have completed or are implementing many environmental restoration *** the cumulative impact of exploitation and restoration activities on the environment is a complicated multi-disciplinary ***,hydrodynamic changes in the bay caused by such coastal projects can be characterized directly and definitively through numerical *** paper assesses the cumulative effect of coastal projects on the hydrodynamic setting using a high-resolution numerical modeling method that makes use of tidal current speeds and the tidal prism as two hydrodynamic *** in tidal velocity and the characteristics of the tidal prism show that hydrodynamic conditions have declined from 1938 to 2007 in the full-tide *** tidal current speed and tidal prism have decreased by 40% in the western part of the bay and 20% in the eastern part of the *** of the linear relationship between tidal prism and area,the degraded hydrodynamic conditions are anticipated to be restored to 1972 levels following the completion of current and proposed restoration projects,i.e.33% and 15% decrease in the hydrodynamic conditions of 1938 for the western and eastern parts of the bay,*** results indicate that hydrodynamic conditions can be restored to some extent with the implementation of a sustainable coastal development plan,although a full reversal of conditions is not *** fully assess the environmental changes in a region,more indices,e.g.,water quality and ecosystem parameters,should be considered in future evaluations.

关键词： coastal exploitation numerical model hydrodynamic conditions project assessment

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Bioremediation of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution by Sporosarcina saromensis M52 Isolated from Offshore Sediments in xiamen, China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第2期29卷 127-136页

作者： ZHAO Ran WANG Bi CAI Qing Tao LI Xiao Xia LIU Min HU Dong GUO Dong Bei WANG Juan FAN Chun School of Public Health Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 Fujian China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics Xiamen 361102 Fujian China Shanghai Jinshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shanghai 201599 China Department of Preventive Medicine Xiamen Medical School Xiamen 361008 Fujian China

Objective Cr（VI） removal from industrial effluents and sediments has attracted the attention of environmental researchers. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bacteria for Cr（VI） bioremediation from sediment samples and to optimize parameters of biodegradation. Methods Strains with the ability to tolerate Cr（VI） were obtained by serial dilution and spread plate methods and characterized by morphology, 16 S r DNA identification, and phylogenetic analysis. Cr（VI） was determined using the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide method, and the optimum p H and temperature for degradation were studied using a multiple-factor mixed experimental design. Statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the results. Results Fifty-five strains were obtained, and one strain（Sporosarcina saromensis M52; patent application number： 201410819443.3） having the ability to tolerate 500 mg Cr（VI）/L was selected to optimize the degradation conditions. M52 was found be able to efficiently remove 50-200 mg Cr（VI）/L in 24 h, achieving the highest removal efficiency at p H 7.0-8.5 and 35 °C. Moreover, M52 could completely degrade 100 mg Cr（VI）/L at p H 8.0 and 35 °C in 24 h. The mechanism involved in the reduction of Cr（VI） was considered to be bioreduction rather than absorption. Conclusion The strong degradation ability of S. saromensis M52 and its advantageous functional characteristics support the potential use of this organism for bioremediation of heavy metal pollution.

关键词： Hexavalent chromium Sediment Sporosarcina saromensis Degradation

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