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Decoupling the roles of grain boundary strength and grain size hidden in grain-level electro-chemo-mechanical failure of solid-state electrolyte

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 685-691页

作者： Ming Xu Xuyang Wang Zhengqian Jin xingxing Jiao Ya Gao Zhongxiao Song xieyu Xu Kai xi Yangyang Liu School of chemistry Engineering Research Center of Energy Storage Materials and Devices Ministry of Education Xi'an Jiaotong University State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University research institute of Frontier Science Southwest Jiaotong University School of Instrument Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University

Garnet lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide(Li7La3Zr2O12,LLZO) is a benchmark solid-state electrolyte（SSE） material receiving considerable attention owing to its high conductivity and chemical stability against Li *** its electro-chemo-mechanical failure mechanisms have been much investigated,the equivocal roles of grain boundary strength and grain size of LLZO remain under-explored,hindering further performance *** we decoupled the effects of grain size and grain boundary strength of polycrystalline LLZO via the combination of electrochemical kinetics and the cohesive zone *** discovered that the disintegration of LLZO is initiated by the accumulation of local displacements,which strongly relates to the changes in both grain size and grain boundary ***,variations in grain boundary strength affect the diffusion and propagation pathways of damage,while the failure of LLZO is determined by the grain *** LLZO grains facilitate transgranular damage under low grain boundary strength,which can alter local chemo-mechanics within the bulk of LLZO,leading to more extensive damage *** results showcase the structure optimization pathways by preferentially controlling the growth of lithium dendrites at grain boundaries and their penetration in garnet-type SSE.

关键词： Electro-chemo-mechanics Grain boundary Growth of lithium metal Solid-state electrolyte

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Deep reinforcement learning based integrated evasion and impact hierarchical intelligent policy of exo-atmospheric vehicles

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 409-426页

作者： Leliang REN Weilin GUO Yong xiAN Zhenyu LIU Daqiao ZHANG Shaopeng LI xi’an research institute of High Technology Xi’an 710025China China xi’an Satellite Control Center Xi’an710043China Department of Automation Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Exo-atmospheric vehicles are constrained by limited maneuverability,which leads to the contradiction between evasive maneuver and precision *** address the problem of Integrated Evasion and Impact(IEI)decision under multi-constraint conditions,a hierarchical intelligent decision-making method based on Deep Reinforcement Learning(DRL)was ***,an intelligent decision-making framework of“DRL evasion decision”+“impact prediction guidance decision”was established:it takes the impact point deviation correction ability as the constraint and the maximum miss distance as the objective,and effectively solves the problem of poor decisionmaking effect caused by the large IEI decision ***,to solve the sparse reward problem faced by evasion decision-making,a hierarchical decision-making method consisting of maneuver timing decision and maneuver duration decision was proposed,and the corresponding Markov Decision Process(MDP)was designed.A detailed simulation experiment was designed to analyze the advantages and computational complexity of the proposed *** results show that the proposed model has good performance and low computational resource *** minimum miss distance is 21.3 m under the condition of guaranteeing the impact point accuracy,and the single decision-making time is 4.086 ms on an STM32F407 single-chip microcomputer,which has engineering application value.

关键词： Exo-atmospheric vehicle Integrated evasion and impact Deep reinforcement learning Hierarchical intelligent policy Single-chip microcomputer Miss distance

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Synergistic effect of nitrocellulose coating on structural and reactivity stabilization of ammonium nitrate oxidizer

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 35-43页

作者： Amir Abdelaziz Djalal Trache Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun Hani Boukeciat Yash Pal Sourbh Thakur Weiqiang Pang Thomas M.Klapötke Energetic Materials Laboratory(EMLab) Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic ProcessesEcole Militaire PolytechniqueBP 17 Bordj El-BahriAlgiers 16046Algeria School of Aeronautical Science Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennai 603103India Department of Organic chemistry Bioorganic Chemistry and BiotechnologySilesian University of TechnologyB.Krzywoustego 4Gliwice 44–100Poland xi'an modern chemistry research institute 168 Zhangba Rd.EastXi'an 710065China Energetic Materials research Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilian UniversityMunich Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D)Munich D-81377Germany

The present work aims to stabilize the room temperature allotropic transition of ammonium nitrate(AN)particles utilizing a microencapsulation technique,which involves solvent/non-solvent in which nitrocellulose(NC)has been employed as a coating *** SEM micrographs revealed distinct features of both pure AN and NC,contrasting with the irregular granular surface topography of the coated AN particles,demonstrating the adherence of NC on the AN *** analysis via infrared spectroscopy(IR)demonstrated a successful association of AN and NC,with slight shifts observed in IR bands indicating interfacial *** X-ray Diffraction(PXRD)analysis further elucidated the structural changes induced by the coating process,revealing that the NC coating altered the crystallization pattern of its pure *** analysis demonstrates distinct profiles for pure and coated AN,for which the coated sample exhibits a temperature increase and an enthalpy decrease of the room temperature allotropic transition by 6℃,and 36%,***,the presence of NC coating alters the intermolecular forces within the composite system,leading to a reduction in melting enthalpy of coated AN by~39%compared to pure *** thermal decomposition analysis shows a two-step thermolysis process for coated AN,with a significant increase in the released heat by about 78%accompanied by an increase in the activation barrier of NC and AN thermolysis,demonstrating a stabilized reactivity of the AN-NC *** findings highlight the synergistic effect of NC coating on AN particles,which contributed to a structural and reactive stabilization of both AN and NC,proving the potential application of NC-coated AN as a strategically advantageous oxidizer in composite solid propellant formulations.

关键词： Ammonium nitrate Nitrocellulose Stabilization Coating Thermolysis kinetics

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Impacts of emission reduction and meteorological conditions on air quality improvement from 2016 to 2020 in the Northeast Plain,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 484-496页

作者： Xueling Yang Qiyuan Wang Lang Liu Jie Tian Hailing xie Luyao Wang Yue Cao Steven Sai Hang Ho Key Laboratory of Aerosol chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China xi’an institute for Innovative Earth Environment research Xi’an 710061China National Observation and research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi’an 710061China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

The Northeast Plain in China ranks among the top five regions that have been significantly impacted by haze *** effectively control pollution,it is crucial to accurately assess the effects of emission reduction *** this study,we analyzed surveillance data and found substantial decreases(ranging from 19.0%to 50.1%)in average annual mass concentrations of key pollutants(such as CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),and PM_(2.5))in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to *** precisely determine the contributions of meteorological conditions and emission reductions to the improvement of air quality in the Northeast Plain,we conducted three scenario *** comparing source emissions in December 2016 and 2020 using the WRF-Chem model(except for SO_(2)),we observed significant reductions of 21.3%,8.8%,and 9.8%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,from 2016 to *** highlights the essential role that meteorological conditions play in determining air quality in the Northeast ***,further reducing source emissions by 30%in December 2016 resulted in subsequent reductions of 25.3%,29.0%,4.5%,and 30.3%in mass concentrations of PM_(2.5),SO_(2),NO_(2),and CO,respectively,under the same meteorological ***,source emission reduction was effective for PM_(2.5),SO_(2),and CO,but not for NO_(2).The improvement in air quality in the Northeast Plain from 2016 to 2020 can be attributed to the combined effects of improved meteorological conditions and reduced pollution sources.

关键词： Air quality Emission reduction Meteorological conditions The Northeast Plain WRF-Chem

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Transforming waste particles into valuable adsorbents via amyloid-mediated molecular engineering

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Science China chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 317-328页

作者： Qingmin Yang Jian Zhao Yujia Zhang xingyu Zhou Hao Ren Bowen Hu Zhongli Lei Lixin Chen Peng Yang Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China School of Material and Chemical Engineering Bengbu UniversityBengbu 233030China Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Silicon-Based Materials Bengbu 233030China xi’an Key Laboratory of Polymeric Soft Matter School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China International Joint research Center on Functional Fiber and Soft Smart Textile School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China School of chemistry and Chemical Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710129China

The high-value utilization of industrial solid waste using a facile and eco-friendly process is of great interest and significance in reducing environmental pollution and developing a green circular ***,we propose an amyloid-mediated molecular engineering strategy to transform particulate waste into valuable adsorbents for metal *** method has the advantage of aqueous solution fabrication under mild conditions without the use of high-temperature hydrothermal methods and toxic chemical ***-mediated molecular engineering manipulates the phase transition of bovine serum albumin(BSA)on particulate waste surfaces,resulting in a remarkable~3.1 times improvement in the adsorption capacity of fly ash,a typical industrial solid waste for gold ions after modification with the phase-transitioned BSA(PTB).The resultant adsorption ability was 69–1,980 times higher than those of conventional and emerging adsorbent materials such as ion exchange resins,activated carbon(AC),covalent organic frameworks(COFs),and metal-organic frameworks(MOFs).We further demonstrated the application of our PTB-modified materials in the recovery of precious metals from low-grade gold ore and electronic waste ***,this strategy could increase the value of waste materials nearly 27 *** addition,this method is generally extendable to other conventional industrial adsorbents such as resin,clay,and Al_(2)O_(3),and enhances their adsorption capabilities at least ***,this work provides a simple and green approach for improving the adsorption performance of solid particles,and is expected to develop into a universal strategy for transforming waste particles into high-value-added products.

关键词： amyloid-like protein aggregates surface engineering fly ash solid waste adsorption

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Marine dispersion of Fukushima-derived radiocesium in the North Pacific and its implications

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 389-406页

作者： Tong ZHANG xiaolin HOU Yukun FAN State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Technology and ApplicationXi’an AMS CenterInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China xi’an institute for Innovative Earth Environment research Xi’an 710061China

A key scientific approach to addressing the environmental radiation risks from Fukushima nuclear contaminated water(FNCW) discharge into the ocean is understanding and predicting the marine dispersion of *** dispersion of radiocesium(CsF:134Cs,137Cs) from the Fukushima nuclear accident in the North Pacific and its marginal seas post-2011 was systematically summarized,focusing on pathways,vertical distribution changes,and transit *** research examined CsFdispersion through the Kuroshio Extension and denser central mode water(D-CMW) to the eastern North Pacific,as well as through subtropical mode water(STMW),lighter central mode water(L-CMW),and D-CMW to the subtropical western North Pacific,China Seas,and Sea of *** considered broader implications of CsFdispersion in light of ongoing FNCW *** this prolonged liquid discharge and Kuroshio Extension’s barrier effect,it is crucial to emphasize the role of CMW besides STMW in transporting FNCW to the subtropical western North Pacific and its marginal *** research should focus on the key mechanism and longitude range of CMW crossing the Kuroshio *** short-lived134Cs decays rapidly during the storage and dispersion of FNCW,long-lived135Cs and135Cs/137Cs ratios can serve as valuable tracers for detecting and quantifying ***,there is an urgent need for high-precision analysis of these key radionuclides and their characteristic *** promptly detect,assess,and respond to FNCW intrusion,continuous monitoring and identification of nuclear pollution sources in key ocean currents and straits are ***,interdisciplinary research integrating monitoring with marginal sea circulation dynamics and high-resolution numerical simulations should be a priority.

关键词： Fukushima nuclear accident Fukushima nuclear contaminated water Marine dispersion Mode water Kuroshio Extension

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Lattice-mismatch-induced formation of defect-rich Pd-Cu alloy nanocages for enhanced formic acid oxidation activity

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Science China chemistry 2025年第2期68卷 481-491页

作者： Zhaojun Liu Zhengyan Wang Zhaoyu Wang Hao Yuan Yuke Bai xiaoxiao Wang Zerui Mu Chunxia Wu Kai Liu Zhun Hu Chuanbo Gao Sate Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Frontier Institute of Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China institute of Industrial Catalysis School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Crystallographic defects in noble metal nanocrystals are recognized as highly active catalytic sites,significantly enhancing activities in many important *** their importance,synthesizing noble metal nanocrystals with a high density of defects poses a considerable synthetic ***,we present a novel lattice mismatch-induced formation mechanism to create high-density defects in noble metal *** approach takes advantage of lattice mismatch to enable nonepitaxial nucleation and growth of a noble metal on a foreign metal substrate,forming abundant noble metal crystallites with random lattice orientations not dictated by the substrate *** these crystallites grow extensively,they merge,forming numerous grain boundaries and yielding defect-rich noble metal ***-rich alloy nanocrystals can also be synthesized through a subsequent vacancy-diffusion alloying *** take defective PdCu alloy nanocages as an example and demonstrate the effectiveness of crystallographic defects in enhancing catalytic performance of noble metal *** nanocages exhibit superior activity in the electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation reaction,which is 1.6 times greater than their defect-free *** strategy offers a new avenue for creating defect-rich noble metal nanocrystals as highly efficient catalysts for a wide array of catalytic applications.

关键词： noble metal nanocrystals defects non-epitaxial growth electrocatalysis formic acid oxidation reaction

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Synthesis of energetic materials by microfluidics

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第2期44卷 306-319页

作者： Shuo Liu Chuanyu Zhang Yanlan Wang Xueyong Wei School of Mechanical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China School of Instrument Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Science and Technology on Applied Physical chemistry Laboratory Xi'an 710061China

Energetic materials,characterized by their capacity to store and release substantial energy,hold pivotal significance in some fields,particularly in defense ***,with its ability to manipulate fluids and facilitate droplet formation at the microscale,enables precise control of chemical *** scholarly endeavors have increasingly harnessed microfluidic reactors in the realm of energetic materials,yielding morphologically controllable particles with enhanced uniformity and explosive ***,crucial insights into microfluidic-based methodologies are dispersed across various publications,necessitating a systematic ***,this review addresses this gap by concentrating on the synthesis of energetic materials through ***,the methods based on micro-mixing and droplets in the previous papers are summarized and the strategies to control the critical parameters within chemical reactions are discussed in ***,the comparison in terms of advantages and disadvantages is *** demonstrated in the last section regarding perspectives,challenges such as clogging,dead zones,and suboptimal production yields are non-ignoble in the promising fields and they might be addressed by integrating sound,optics,or electrical energy to meet heightened *** comprehensive overview aims to consolidate and analyze the diverse array of microfluidic approaches in energetic material synthesis,offering valuable insights for future research directions.

关键词： Microfluidic technology Energetic materials synthesis Micro-mixing Micro-droplets

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Failure rate analysis and maintenance plan optimization method for civil aircraft parts based on data fusion

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 306-324页

作者： Kang CAO Yongjie ZHANG Jianfei FENG School of Civil Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shanghai Aircraft Design and research institute Shanghai 201210China

In the face of data scarcity in the optimization of maintenance strategies for civil aircraft,traditional failure data-driven methods are encountering challenges owing to the increasing reliability of aircraft *** study addresses this issue by presenting a novel combined data fusion algorithm,which serves to enhance the accuracy and reliability of failure rate analysis for a specific aircraft model by integrating historical failure data from similar models as supplementary *** a comprehensive analysis of two different maintenance projects,this study illustrates the application process of the *** upon the analysis results,this paper introduces the innovative equal integral value method as a replacement for the conventional equal interval method in the context of maintenance schedule *** Monte Carlo simulation example validates that the equivalent essential value method surpasses the traditional method by over 20%in terms of inspection efficiency *** discovery indicates that the equal critical value method not only upholds maintenance efficiency but also substantially decreases workload and maintenance *** findings of this study open up novel perspectives for airlines grappling with data scarcity,offer fresh strategies for the optimization of aviation maintenance practices,and chart a new course toward achieving more efficient and cost-effective maintenance schedule optimization through refined data analysis.

关键词： Small sample data Data fusion Failure rate Maintenance planning Aircraft parts

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Deciphering the role of mtH_(2)O_(2) in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury mechanisms with low-background super-resolution fluorogenic probe

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Science China chemistry 2025年第1期68卷 297-307页

作者： Bin Fang Limin Wang Haoqin Li Jiaxin Zhang Yang Ding PanPan Li Bo Peng Hua Bai Lin Li Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE)and Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials&EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China institute of Flexible Electronics(IFE Future Technologies)Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury(HIRI)is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative *** mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide(mtH_(2)O_(2))levels in real-time through super-resolution imaging is crucial for elucidating its distribution in live cells and its mechanism of action during ***,low-background fluorogenic probes have been overlooked in the context of super-resolution *** this study,we developed a low-background fluorogenic probe(MitoWG)with the potential for super-resolution morphology-correlated mitochondrial identification to track the fluctuates of mtH_(2)O_(2)in *** of the desirable fluorescence properties of the probe by mtH_(2)O_(2)was confirmed using structural illumination microscopy(SIM),enabling high-quality mitochondrial imaging with exceptional specificity and *** in mtH_(2)O_(2)levels were successfully observed in both cellular and rat models of ***,we associated the decline in mitochondrial redox homeostasis with accelerated mtH_(2)O_(2)production during HIRI,which triggered mitophagy deficiency and led to cell *** conclusion,Mito-WG possesses excellent photophysical and low-background properties for SIM imaging,making it a promising tool for mtH_(2)O_(2)tracking in HIRI research and clinical diagnosis.

关键词： hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury low-background mtH_(2)O_(2)-activatable super-resolution imaging fluorogenic probe

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