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Hydrogel-Assisted Electrokinetics for High-Resolution and Non-invasive Flow Monitoring in Microfluidic Chips

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 571-577页

作者： Na Zhao Yanni Ma Zehua Yu Jun Huang Xiangqian Fu Tao Qiu Kang Liu MOE Key Laboratory of hydraulic Machinery Transients School of Power and Mechanical EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072 China Department of Urology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072 China Department of Organ Transplantation Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072 China

Convenient non-invasive flow monitoring would facilitate the operation and control in microfluidic chips,but is challenging due to the small space of microchannels and complex operation required in traditional optical *** this work,we propose a novel non-invasive strategy to probe microfluidic flows via streaming potential *** sealing one side of the microchannel with a piece of hydrogel film,streaming potential inside the channel can be clearly detected by electrodes at outer surface of the hydrogel due to ion diffusion in the *** is detected without sensors contacting with the internal ***,the electrodes shape like a tiny probe,which can move around mapping the flow distribution in a chip with the spatial resolution of 1 mm and flow rate detection limit of 3μL·min–*** inside the channels can also be detected,due to the fluctuation of streaming voltage when gas-liquid interface flows through the electrode,showing an easy and potential way for multi-functional flow monitoring in microfluidic chips.

关键词： Microfluidics Hydrogels Electrokinetics Flow monitoring Non-invasive Sensor Charge transport

Impact of atmospheric circulations on droughts and drought propagation over China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2633-2648页

作者： Ziye GU Lei GU Jiabo YIN Wei FANG Lihua XIONG Jun GUO Ziyue ZENG Jun XIA School of Civil and hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan 430072China Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan 430010China

The GRACE satellite mission provides a new approach for monitoring,tracking,and assessing drought conditions by detecting changes in Earth's gravitational fields and inversing signals of terrestrial water storage *** studies of terrestrial water storage anomalies related droughts paid rare attention to the behind atmospheric physical mechanisms,nor quantified the risk propagation patterns between terrestrial water storage deficits and hydrological or agricultural *** this study,we first extract terrestrial water storage(TWS) droughts,hydrological droughts,and agricultural droughts by using multiple variables including TWS from the GRACE/GRACE-FO satellites,runoff and soil moisture from the ERA5-Land reanalysis *** then identify key atmospheric and oceanic oscillation indices affecting water deficits by employing machine learning *** characterize the joint distributions between drought duration and severity by using the Copula function and quantify the risk propagation of hydrological and agricultural droughts to TWS *** results show that:(1) From 2002 to 2021,there is a significant decrasing trend of TWS in China;the WPIO group atmospheric circulation indices(sea surface temperature index within the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean) contributes the most to ***,the sea surface temperature anomalies within the NINO 3.4 region as well as the Western Pacific Warm Pool area index show significantly positive correlation relationships with TWS in southern China;(2) The northwestern China,the Yangtze River basin,and the downstream of the Pearl River basin are the hotspots of TWS ***,the hotspots of hydrological droughts locate in northwestern China and the hotspots of agricultural droughts locate in South China and eastern Tibetan Plateau;(3) The elastic coefficients of hydrological droughts propagating to TWS droughts are higher than those of agricultural droughts,indicating that the TWS droughts

关键词： GRACE satellites Drought Drought propagation Atmospheric circulation Copula function

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At-rest lateral earth pressure of compacted expansive soils:Experimental investigations and prediction approach

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1425-1435页

作者： Zhong Han Pan Zhang Weilie Zou Kewei Fan Sai K.Vanapalli Lianglong Wan School of Civil Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina Department of Civil Engineering University of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjingChina Residence Engineering Management Station of Shenzhen Municipality ShenzhenChina

This paper presents experimental studies on a compacted expansive soil,from Nanyang,China for investigating the at-rest lateral earth pressureσL of expansive *** key studies include(i)relationships between theσL and the vertical stressσV during soaking and consolidation,(ii)the influences of initial dry densityρd0 and moisture content w 0 on the vertical and lateral swelling pressures at no swelling strain(i.e.σV0 andσL0),and(iii)evolution of theσL during five long-term wetting-drying *** results demonstrated that the post-soakingσL-σV relationships are piecewise linear and their slopes in the passive state(σL>σV)and active state(σL<σV)are similar to that of the consolidationσL-σV relationships in the normal-and over-consolidated states,*** soakingσL-σV relationships converge to the consolidationσL-σV relationships at a thresholdσV where the interparticle swelling is ***σL0 andσV0 increase monotonically withρd0;however,they show increasing-then-decreasing trends with the w *** extent of compaction-induced swelling anisotropy,which is evaluated byσL0/σV0,reduces with an increase in the compaction energy and molding water ***σL reduces over moisture cycles and the stress relaxation in theσL during soaking is *** approach was developed to predict the at-rest soakingσL-σV relationships,which requires conventional consolidation and shear strength properties and one measurement of theσL-σV relationships during *** proposed approach was validated using the results of three different expansive soils available in the literature.

关键词： Lateral earth pressure Expansive soil Soaking Vertical stress Swelling pressure

Stable hydrogen isoscape in precipitation generated using data fusion for East China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2972-2988页

作者： Jiacheng CHEN Jie CHEN Xunchang John ZHANG Peiyi PENG State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan University Hubei Key Laboratory of Water System Science for Sponge City Construction Wuhan University USDA-ARS Oklahoma and Central Plains Agricultural Research Center Southwest Research Institute for hydraulic and Water Transport Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong University

The stable hydrogen isotope in precipitation is an effective environmental tracer for climatic and hydrologic ***, accurate and high-precision precipitation hydrogen isoscapes are currently unavailable in China. In this study, a data fusion method based on Convolutional Neural Networks（CNN） is used to fuse the hydrogen isotopic composition（δ2Hp） of observations and isotope-equipped general circulation model（iGCM） simulations. A precipitation hydrogen isoscape with a temporal resolution of monthly and a spatial resolution of 50–60 km is established for East China for the 1969–2017 period. Prior to building the isoscape, the performance of three data fusion methods（DFMs） and two bias correction methods（BCMs） is compared. The results indicate that the CNN fusion method performs the best with a correlation coefficient larger than 0.90 and root mean square error smaller than 10.5‰ when using observation as a benchmark. The fusion methods based on back propagation and long short-term memory neural network perform similarly, while slightly outperforming the bias correction methods. Thus, the CNN method is used to generate the hydrogen isoscape, and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the hydrogen isotope in precipitation are analyzed based on this dataset. The generated isoscape shows similar spatial and temporal distribution characteristics to observations. In general, the distribution pattern of δ2Hpis consistent with the temperature effect in northern China, and consistent with the precipitation amount effect in southern China. The trend of the δ2Hptime series is consistent with that of observed precipitation and temperature. Overall, the generated isoscape effectively reproduces the observations, and has the characteristics of time continuity and relative spatial regularity, which can provide valuable data support for tracking atmospheric and hydrological processes.

关键词： Precipitation Precipitation isotope General circulation model Data fusion Dataset

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Extending the solid solution range of sodium ferric pyrophosphate:Off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)as a novel cathode for sodium‐ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 128-139页

作者： Xiang jun Pu Kunran Yang Zibing Pan Chunhua Song Yangyang Lai Renjie Li Zheng‐Long Xu Zhongxue Chen Yuliang Cao Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources College of Chemistry and Molecular SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina Key Laboratory of hydraulic Machinery Transients Ministry of EducationSchool of Power and Mechanical EngineeringWuhan UniversityWuhanChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhouJiangsuChina Zonergy Corporation ZigongSichuanChina Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong SARChina

Iron‐based pyrophosphates are attractive cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries due to their large framework,cost‐effectiveness,and high energy ***,the understanding of the crystal structure is scarce and only a limited candidates have been reported so *** this work,we found for the first time that a continuous solid solution,Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)(0≤α≤1,could be obtained by mutual substitution of cations at center‐symmetric Na3 and Na4 sites while keeping the crystal building blocks of anionic P_(2)O_(7) *** particular,a novel off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2)is thus proposed,and its structure,energy storage mechanism,and electrochemical performance are extensively investigated to unveil the structure–function *** as‐prepared off‐stoichiometric electrode delivers appealing performance with a reversible discharge capacity of 83 mAh g^(−1),a working voltage of 2.9 V(***^(+)/Na),the retention of 89.2%of the initial capacity after 500 cycles,and enhanced rate capability of 51 mAh g^(−1)at a current density of 1600 mA g^(−1).This research shows that sodium ferric pyrophosphate could form extended solid solution composition and promising phase is concealed in the range of Na_(4−α)Fe_(2+α)_(2)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2),offering more chances for exploration of new cathode materials for the construction of high‐performance SIBs.

关键词： extending solid‐solution range off‐stoichiometric Na_(3)Fe_(2.5)(P_(2)O_(7))_(2) sodium‐ion batteries structure-function relationship

Properties and Characteristics of Regolith-Based Materials for Extraterrestrial Construction

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 159-181页

作者： Cheng Zhou Yuyue Gao Yan Zhou Wei She Yusheng Shi Lieyun Ding Changwen Miao National Center of Technology Innovation for Digital Construction Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Civil and hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 214135China State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The construction of extraterrestrial bases has become a new goal in the active exploration of deep *** the construction techniques,in situ resource-based construction is one of the most promising because of its good sustainability and acceptable economic cost,triggering the development of various types of extraterrestrial construction materials.A comprehensive survey and comparison of materials from the perspective of performance was conducted to provide suggestions for material selection and *** types of typical construction materials are discussed in terms of their reliability and applicability in extreme extraterrestrial ***,thermal and optical,and radiation-shielding properties are *** influencing factors and optimization methods for these properties are *** the perspective of material properties,the existing challenges lie in the comprehensive,long-term,and real characterization of regolith-based construction ***,the suggested future directions include the application of high-throughput characterization methods,accelerated durability tests,and conducting extraterrestrial experiments.

关键词： Extraterrestrial construction Characterization Mechanical property Thermal property Optical property Radiation-shielding

Biomineralization of soil with crude soybean urease using different calcium salts

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1788-1798页

作者： Yajie Weng Junjie Zheng Hanjiang Lai Mingjuan Cui Xingzhi Ding School of Civil and hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Zijin School of Geology and Mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China

Calcium salt is an important contributing factor for calcium-based *** study the effect of calcium salt on soil biomineralization using crude soybean urease,the calcium salts,including the calcium chloride (CaCl_(2)),calcium acetate ((CH_(3)COO)_(2)Ca) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO_(3))_(2)),were used to prepare the biotreatment solution to carry out the biomineralization tests in this *** series of biomineralization tests in solution and sand column,respectively,were *** electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were performed to determine the microscopic characteristics of the precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO_(3)) *** experimental results indicate that the biomineralization effect is the best for the CaCl2 case,followed by (CH_(3)COO)_(2)Ca,and worst for Ca(NO_(3))_(2) under the test conditions of this study (i.e.1 mol/L of calcium salt-urea).The mechanism for the effect of the calcium salt on the biomineralization of crude soybean urease mainly involves: (1) inhibition of urease activity,and (2) influence on the crystal size and morphology of CaCO_(3).Besides Ca^(2+) ,the anions in solution can inhibit the activity of crude soybean urease,and NO_(3)− has a stronger inhibitory effect on the urease activity compared with both CH_(3)COO^(−) and Cl^(−) .The co-inhibition of Ca^(2+) and NO_(3)− on the activity of urease is the key reason for the worst biomineralization of the Ca(NO_(3))_(2) case in this *** difference in biomineralization between the CaCl_(2) and (CH_(3)COO)_(2) Ca cases is strongly correlated with the crystal morphology of the precipitated CaCO_(3).

关键词： Biomineralization Crude soybean urease Calcium salt Influence mechanism

Automated deformation monitoring for urban subway tunnelling risk assessment: a case study from the wuhan Metro line 12

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Yuyong Jiao Jianfeng Qi Hongbin An Luyi Shen Fei Zheng Zhi Li You Zhang Lingling He Faculty of Engineering China university of Geosciences (wuhan) wuhan Metro Inc. School of Civil and hydraulic Engineering Huazhong university of Science and Technology China Railway Construction Investment Group Corporation Ltd. Department of Civil Engineering Monash university

Monitoring deformation is of critical importance for tunnel boring projects. This importance is further amplified for the metro construction project that involves boring beneath or near susceptible civil infrastructures. Here， we present a case study that uses robotic total station to preform automated deformation monitoring inside a tunnel during the excavation. Further， enabled with the Internet of Things technology， the monitoring data are streamlined through wireless internet access points and processed by a remote control center. A complete suite of software is deployed that can 1. process the monitoring data automatically. 2. set different triggering threshold reflecting various levels of hazardous incidents. 3. storing the data for further analysis that visualize the data， quantify overall risk levels and conduct predictive modelling. Built upon this automated system， a triage of risk response protocol is established that preforms reactive treatment according to the levels of reported hazards. A de-risk process， involving third party review， is also established. Overall， this report demonstrates our effort in monitoring the tunnel’s deformation with an automated system to save cost and reduce human induced errors. This report can be a useful reference for other engineers preforming metro tunneling tasks.

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水电梯级开发真的破坏下游河段营养盐情势吗?

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 661-670页

作者：陈求稳陈宇琛林育青张建云倪晋仁夏军肖琳冯韬马宏海 State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources&hydraulic Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China Center for Eco-Environment Research Nanjing Hydraulic Research InstituteNanjing 210029China Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development Nanjing 210024China School of the Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100091China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China

River damming is believed to largely intercept nutrients,particularly retain more phosphorus(P)than nitrogen(N),and thus harm primary productivity,fishery catches,and food security downstream,which seriously constrain global hydropower development and poverty relief in undeveloped regions and can drive geo-political disputes between nations along trans-boundary *** this study,we investigated whether reservoirs can instead improve nutrient regimes *** measured different species of N and P as well as microbial functions in water and sediment of cascade reservoirs in the upper Mekong River over 5 years and modelled the influx and outflux of N and P species in each *** partially retaining total N and total P,reservoirs increased the downstream flux of ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP).The increase in ammonium and SRP between outflux and influx showed positive linear relationships with the hydraulic residence time of the cascade reservoirs;and the ratio of SRP to dissolved inorganic nitrogen increased along the reservoir *** lentic environment of reservoirs stimulated algae-mediated conversion of nitrate into ammonium in surface water;the hypoxic condition and the priming effect of algae-induced organic matter enhanced release of ammonium from sediment;the synergy of microbial phosphorylation,reductive condition and sediment geochemical properties increased release of *** study is the first to provide solid evidence that hydropower reservoirs improve downstream nutrient bioavailability and N-P balance through a process of retention-transformation-transport,which may benefit primary *** findings could advance our understanding of the eco-environmental impacts of river damming.

关键词： River damming Biogeochemical cycle Nitrogen Phosphorus Ecological impacts

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