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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第1期2卷 50-66页

作者： Anna Kover Doris Kraljić Rose Marinaro Eldon R.Rene Department of water Supply Sanitation and Environmental EngineeringIHE Delft Institute for Water EducationWestvest 72601 DA DelftThe Netherlands

Biorefneries contribute to a circular bioeconomy using renewable feedstock to produce commodity and specialty chemicals as an alternative to petroleum *** waste streams such as food waste and agricultural waste as a feedstock for biorefneries is a promising approach for obtaining value-added products in an economically feasible and sustainable *** conversion of biomass to chemicals ofers diverse opportunities but poses new technological *** paper aims to review the current state of food and agricultural waste valorisation by giving a brief technical overview,summarizing the current state of the bio-based market,and identifying the current barriers to scaling-up *** lignocellulosic biomass in biorefneries calls for pre-treatment due to its complex structure,in which biomass is broken into monosaccharides,building blocks of value-added *** state of the art technologies for lignocellulose pre-treatment is introduced in the review followed by a brief explanation of the role of the hydrolysis and *** economic aspect of chemical production from biomass waste at an industrial scale is also introduced by giving an overview of some recent techno-economic studies.

关键词： Biorefnery Food waste Biomass valorisation Platform chemicals Circular bioeconomy

Hydrogeological Investigations of Groundwater and Surface water Interactions in the Berg River Catchment, Western Cape, South africa

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Journal of Environmental & Earth Sciences 2023年第2期5卷 102-117页

作者： Seiphi Prudence Mabokela Ntokozo Malaza Department of Occupational and Environmental Studies Faculty of Applied ScienceCape Peninsula University of TechnologyCape Town7530South Africa Department of water and sanitation Pretoria0001South Africa

The Berg River Catchment based in the Western Cape Province,South africa services the greater Cape Town area with water,subsequent to supplying the vast agricultural activities that exist in the middle and the lower *** study thus investigates the hydrogeochemical interactions between surface and groundwater in the Berg River Catchment with the aim of establishing trends and transfer of constituents between the surface and groundwater systems,investigates the role that geology plays in water chemistry as well as identifies the geochemical processes controlling surface and groundwater chemistry in the *** study was carried out using three types of research designs namely i)experimental research design;ii)field research design and meta-analysis research ***,the study made use of hydrochemical data ranging from 2003 to 2013 obtained from the National water Monitoring Database owned and maintained by the Department of water and sanitation and data that were sampled in 2016 by authors and analyzed using the ICP-MS Technique Ground water Chart,Arc-GIS and Geosoft(Oasis Montaj)were further employed to model the *** results indicated that:i)in the Upper Berg there is not much interaction and transfer of constituents between surface and groundwater;ii)the Middle Berg,however,indicated a degree of interaction with the sharing of constituents between the two water systems and iii)the Lower Berg indicated only NaCl water type also noting that the area situated near the river mouth whereby there is the mixing of river and seawater.

关键词： Hydrogeology Groundwater Surface water Interactions Berg River Catchment

Hydraulic characteristics of an anaerobic baffled reactor as onsite wastewater treatment system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1319-1326页

作者： Yuttachai Sarathai Thammarat Koottatep Antoine Morel School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Eawag:Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science & Technology Department for Water and Sanitation in Developing Countries(Sandec)

The feasibility of using anaerobic baffled reactor （ABR） as onsite wastewater treatment system was discussed. The ABR consisted of one sedimentation chamber and three up-flow chambers in series was experimented under different peak flow factors （PFF of 1 to 6）, superficial gas velocities （between 0.6 and 3.1 cm/hr） and hydraulic retention times （HRT）（24, 36 and 48 hr）. Residence time distribution （RTD） analyses were carded out to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of the ABR. It was found that the PFF resulted in hydraulic dead space. The dead space did not exceed 13% at PFF of 1, 2 and 4 while there was 2-fold increase （26%） at PFF of 6. Superficial gas velocities did not result in more （biological） dead space. The mixing pattern of ABR tended to be a completely- mixed reactor when PFF increased. Superficial gas velocities did not affect mixing pattern. The effects of PFF on mixing pattern could be minimized by higher HRT （48 hr）. The tank-in-series （TIS） model （N = 4） was suitable to describe the hydraulic behaviour of the studied system. The HRT of 48 hr was able to maintain the mixing pattern under different flow patterns, introducing satisfactory hydraulic efficiency. Chemical oxygen demand （COD） and total suspended solids （TSS） removals under all flow patterns were achieved more than 85% and 90%, respectively. The standard deviation of effluent COD and TSS concentration did not exceed 15 mg/L.

关键词： anaerobic baffled reactor dead space hydraulic characteristics onsite system peak flow factor

Situation of water, Hygiene and sanitation in a Peri-Urban Area in Benin, West africa: The Case of Sèmè-Podji

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第12期5卷 1277-1283页

作者： Roch Christian Johnson Hadehou Segla Tamègnon Victorien Dougnon Gratien Boni Honoré Sourou Bankole Christophe Houssou Michel Boko Laboratory of Hygiene Sanitation Toxicology and Environmental Health Interfaculty Center of Training and Research in Environment for the Sustainable Development University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Benin Research Laboratory in Applied Biology Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors related to health vulnerability in the municipality of Sèmè-Podji. For this study, 216 households were surveyed using questionnaires. Twelve key informants were enrolled for depth interviews and 18 water samples were collected from different sources used by the populations. It came out of our investigations that water from traditional sources used at Sèmè-Podji was contaminated by various microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms. 66.38% of households reject domestic waste and 47.41% of them evacuate sewage in the yard. In addition, 93.05% drop stagnant water for natural infiltration. This municipality faces lack of sanitation. The main health problems experienced by people were malaria (46.35%), diarrheal diseases (15.88%). The study stated some results which could improve the help about health management in the area.

关键词： Sèmè-Podji Environment Health Vulnerability Population

Poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)in sediment samples from Roodeplaat and Hartbeespoort Dams,South africa

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Emerging Contaminants 2020年第1期6卷 367-375页

作者： Bulelwa Batayi Jonathan O.Okonkwo Peter A.Daso Cornelius C.Rimayi Department of Environmental Water and Earth SciencesFaculty of ScienceTshwane University of TechnologyArcadia CampusPretoria0001South Africa Department of water and sanitation Resource Quality Information Services(RQIS)RoodeplaatP.Bag X3130001PretoriaSouth Africa

This study aimed at determining PFAS concentrations in sediments obtained from two important water systems in South africa,namely,the Roodeplaat and Hartbeespoort *** samples were collected in March and June representing summer and winter *** analytes were extracted using the half-dry alkaline method followed by solid phase extraction and analysed with liquid chromatography-tandem mass *** mean PFASs concentrations in Roodeplaat Dam(0.14 e89.04 ng g^-1)were significantly higher(p=0.016)than in Hartbeespoort Dam(0.03e31.37 ng g^-1).Perfluoro-n-decane sulfonic acid(PFDS),perfluoro-n-heptyl sulfonate(PFHpS),perfluoro-n-nonane sulfonic acid(PFNS)and perfluoro-n-octane sulfonic acid(PFOS)were the most dominant PFASs *** were observed to be generally higher in summer compared to winter,however,the difference is statistically insignificant(p=0.659).The perfluorosulfonic acids(PFSAs)was more dominant than the perfluorocarboxylic compounds,suggesting possible preferential usage of PFSAs in this *** findings were different from reports from China and Korea,which reported long chain perfluorinated carboxylic acids(PFCAs)in sediments as the dominant *** results also revealed that the PFAS concentrations found in the present study were higher than the concentrations found in China,Germany,and Ethiopia but lower than the concentrations detected in the Western Cape Province in South africa.

关键词： PFASs Concentrations Sediments Hartbeespoort and roodeplaat dams South africa

The Spatial and Temporal Variations of Ichythyofauna and water Quality in the Crocodile River (East), Mpumalanga, South africa

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Journal of water Resource and Protection 2015年第3期7卷 152-170页

作者： M. I. Soko T. Gyedu-Ababio Department of water and sanitation Nelspruit South Africa Inkomati-Usuthu Catchment Management Agency Nelspruit South Africa

The Crocodile River is situated in the north east of the Republic of South africa. It is a large river basin with a total length of 320 km and draining a catchment of 10,450 km2. The water quality of this river is of high importance in sustaining the people and businesses relying on the sustainability of the river. The aim of the study was to use fish and water quality data to determine the present ecological state of the river and identifying the possible sources of pollution in the river. Multivariate statistical analysis was used to identify the main contaminants in the river at the various sections of the river. The results obtained indicated that species richness and diversity are high during low flow condition and the lower reaches had high species richness and diversity compared to the middle and upper reaches. The Fish Response Assessment Index indicated that the Ecological Class for the Crocodile River is mostly at C class beginning from the Kwena Dam downstream. water quality constituents such as total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity increase with the increase in river distance in the downstream reaches. It was evident from this study that anthropogenic activities along the Crocodile River play a role in water quality deterioration and the subsequent distribution of fish during high and low flow conditions. The main sources of the pollution are believed to be agricultural activities in the upper reaches and a combination of industrial, domestic and agricultural activities in the middle and lower reaches of the Crocodile River.

关键词： Fish water Quality Nutrients Anthropogenic Activities Pollution

The adsorptive properties of UiO-66 towards organic dyes: A record adsorption capacity for the anionic dye Alizarin Red S.

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第4期26卷 731-739页

作者： Marwa S.Embaby Saber D.Elwany Widiastuti Setyaningsih Mohamed R.Saber Central laboratories Fayoum Drinking Water and Sanitation Company (FDWaSC) Food and Agricultural Product Technology Department Faculty of Agricultural Technology Gadjah Mada University Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Fayoum University

In order to decisively determine the adsorption selectivity of zirconium MOF(UiO-66) towards anionic versus cationic species, the adsorptive removal of the anionic dyes(Alizarin Red S.(ARS), Eosin(E), Fuchsin Acid(FA)and Methyl Orange(MO)) and the cationic dyes(Neutral Red(NR), Fuchsin Basic(FB), Methylene Blue(MB),and Safranine T(ST)) has been evaluated. The results clearly reveal a significant selectivity towards anionic dyes. Such an observation agrees with a plethora of reports of UiO-66 superior affinity towards other anionic species(Floride, PO_4^(3-), Diclofenac sodium, Methylchlorophenoxy-propionic acid, Phenols, CrO_4^(2-), SeO_3^(2-), and AsO_4^-). The adsorption process of ARS as an example has been optimized using the central composite design(CCD). The resultant statistical model indicates a crucial effect of both pH and sorbent mass. The optimum conditions were determined to be initial dye concentration 11.82 mg.L^(-1), adsorbent amount 0.0248 g, shaking time of 36 min and pH 2. The adsorption process proceeds via pseudo-second order kinetics(R^2= 0.999). The equilibrium data were fit to Langmuir and Tempkin models(R^2= 0.999 and 0.997 respectively). The results reveal an exceptional removal for the anionic dye(Alizarin Red S.) with a record adsorption capacity of400 mg·g^(-1). The significantly high adsorption capacity of UiO-66 towards ARS adds further evidence to the recently reported exceptional performance of MOFs in pollutants removal from water.

关键词： Adsorption Metal-organic frameworks Alizarin Red S. Dye removal UiO-66 Central composite design

Residence time distribution of wood chips in a semi-industrial multiple hearth furnace using RFID tracers Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 268-279页

作者： Elie Lacombe Muriel Marchand Capucine Dupont Denis Maréchal Thierry Melkior Univ Grenoble Alpes CEALITENDTCHLaboratoire Réacteurs et ProcédésF-38000GrenobleFrance IHE Delft Department of Water Supply Sanitation and Environmental EngineeringDelftthe Netherlands John Cockerill SeraingBelgium

In continuous biomass torrefaction plants,the products'yields,composition and homogeneity highly depend on the residence time of particles.A characterization of particle residence time distribution(RTD)was therefore carried out in an industrial-scale multiple hearth furnace on poplar wood chips using radio frequency identification *** effects of operating conditions,namely,mass flow rate of biomass,shaft speed of the rabbling system and interdental length on the RTD were *** increase of shaft speed and mass flow rate reduces particles’mean residence *** the length between two successive teeth also increases the bed *** biomass accumulation(also called“bulldozing”)was observed during several *** phenomenon is favored by a high mass flow rate of resources,a small interdental length between the teeth and a low shaft *** measurements were compared to the axial dispersion *** all tests,the Peclet number is ranging between 20 and 62,indicating that the multiple hearth furnace cannot be modelled as an ideal plug flow reactor.

关键词： Biomass Multiple hearth furnace Residence time distribution RFID

Improving sludge dewaterability via Fe^(2+) chelated citrate activated peroxydisulfate oxidation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第3期125卷 223-233页

作者： Donghai Yuan Xinyu Li Siyu Xiong Jun Cui Jijiao Zhou Yingying Kou Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and water Environment Ministry of EducationBeijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijing 100044China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Huzhou Environmental sanitation Management Center Huzhou 313000China

Citrate (Ct) was chosen as a typical chelator used in the Fe^(2+)-peroxydisulfate (PDS) process to improve sludge *** PDS-Fe^(2+)-Ct process exhibited better performance in sludge dewatering than PDS-Fe^(2+).Specifically,with a PDS dosage of 1.2 mmol/g VS,the molar ratio of PDS/Fe^(2+)and Ct/Fe^(2+)were 4:5 and 1:4,respectively,the capillary suction time decreased from 155.8 to 24.8sec,and the sludge cake water content decreased from 82.62%to 64.11%(-0.06MPa).The oxidation led to a reduced negative charge and a decrease in particle *** enhanced sludge dewaterability and changes of sludge properties were attributed to the decomposition of extracellular polymeric substances,and it was explored by protein,polysaccharide,3D-EEMs,and ***,the quenching experiments of radical species demonstrated that SO_(4)-·played a more important role than·OH,and its productivity was improved with the addition of ***,the reasons for the improved productivity of radicals with the addition of Ct were *** results of this study could serve as a basis for improving sludge dewatering using the PDS-Fe^(2+)-Ct process and suggest that the addition of Ct may improve the productivity of SO_(4)-·in the activation o PDS via Fe^(2+).

关键词： Wastewater sludge Dewaterability Peroxydisulfate oxidation Citrate

Migration of total chromium and chloride anion in the Rocha River used for estimating degradation of agricultural soil quality at the Thiu Rancho zone

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2020年第3期8卷 223-229页

作者： Jhim Terrazas-Salvatierra Galo Munoz-Vásquez Ana Romero-Jaldin Hydraulics Laboratory of San Simón University(UMSS) Cochabamba 2500Bolivia water and Environmental sanitation Center of San Simón University(UMSS) Cochabamba 2500Bolivia

The Rocha River is a receptor to receive wastewater from household,hospital and industry,from where contaminants are transported in the river,affecting biodiversity and the ecosystem of the *** this paper we estimated the maximum transport of total chromium and chloride anion by applying the analytical model of Ogata&Banks(1961),and the results obtained are grouped into three zones:Contaminated,transition,and *** analytical model was applied with 13 samples collected from the river piezometers installed near Rocha,where they are arranged in two lines,***-1 to RH-6 as the first line and RH-9 to RH-12 as the second *** total chromium concentrations range from 0.16 mg/L(RH-1)and 0.11 mg/L(RH-9)at the closest points to Rocha River,to 0.13 mg/L(RH-7)and 0.03 mg/L(RH-12)at the most remote points to the *** advance of the pollutants does not exceed 50 meters with respect to the axis of the Rocha River.

关键词： Total chromium Chloride anion Contamination Rocha River Thiu Rancho