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Photonics Research 2023年第10期11卷 I0011-I0021页

作者： JULIUS KULLIG DANIEL GROM SEBASTIAN KLEMBT JAN wIERSIG Institut für Physik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg39106 MagdeburgGermany Technische Physik and würzburg-dresden cluster of excellence ct.qmat Physikalisches Institut and Wilhelm-Conrad-Röntgen-Research Center for Complex Material SystemsAm HublandUniversity of Würzburg97070 WürzburgGermany

Exceptional points are degeneracies in the spectrum of non-Hermitian open systems where at least two eigenfrequencies and simultaneously the corresponding eigenstates of the Hamiltonian ***,the robust construction of higher-order exceptional points with more than two degenerate eigenfrequencies and eigenstates is challenging but yet worthwhile for *** this paper,we reconsider the formation of higher-order exceptional points through waveguide-coupled microring cavities and asymmetric *** this context,we demonstrate the influence of perturbations on the frequency splitting of the *** generate higher-order exceptional points in a simple and robust way,a mirror-induced asymmetric backscattering approach is *** addition to the exceptional-point enhanced sensing capabilities of such systems,also a cavity-selective sensitivity is achieved for particle *** results are motivated by an effective Hamiltonian description and verified by full numerical simulations of the dielectric structure.

关键词： structure exceptional splitting

Different types of spin currents in the comprehensive materials database of nonmagnetic spin Hall effect

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npj Computational Materials 2021年第1期7卷 1522-1528页

作者： Yang Zhang Qiunan Xu Klaus Koepernik Roman Rezaev Oleg Janson Jakub Železný Tomáš Jungwirth Claudia Felser Jeroen van den Brink Yan Sun Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids 01187 DresdenGermany Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research 01069 DresdenGermany Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesCukrovarnicka 1016200 Praha 6Czech Republic School of Physics and Astronomy University of NottinghamNG72RD NottinghamUnited Kingdom Center for Nanoscale Systems Faculty of Arts and SciencesHarvard University11 Oxford StreetLISE 308CambridgeMA 02138USA Institut fur Theoretische Physik and wurzburg-dresden cluster of excellence ct.qmat Dresden University of Technology01062 DresdenGermany

Spin Hall effect(SHE)has its special position in *** gain new insight into SHE and to identify materials with substantial spin Hall conductivity(SHC),we performed high-precision high-throughput ab initio calculations of the intrinsic SHC for over 20,000 nonmagnetic *** calculations revealed a strong relationship between the magnitude of the SHC and the crystalline symmetry,where a large SHC is typically associated with mirror symmetry-protected nodal line band *** database includes 11 materials with an SHC comparable to or even larger than that of *** with different types of spin currents were additionally ***,we found that different types of spin current can be obtained by rotating applied electrical *** improves our understanding and is expected to facilitate the design of new types of spin-orbitronic devices.

关键词： symmetry magnetic effect

Boosted room-temperature nonlinear Hall effect in sputtered films

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Science Bulletin 2024年第20期69卷 3156-3158页

作者： Zhanqi Zhang Hai-Peng Sun Xiaofei Xiao Haoliang Liu Mingyu Zhang National Key Laboratory of Laser Spatial Information School of Integrated CircuitsHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics University of WürzburgWürzburg 97074Germany würzburg-dresden cluster of excellence ct.qmat Würzburg 97074Germany Blackett Laboratory Physics DepartmentImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aerospace Communication and Networking Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The Hall effect,discovered in 1879,requires magnetic fields or magnetic orders to produce a transverse voltage signal in response to the longitudinal driving electric ***,the nonlinear Hall effect(NLHE),proposed by Sodemann and Fu in 2015[1]has elucidated a novel Hall effect in time-reversal invariant and inversion-symmetry breaking materials featured with a nonlinear dependence on the primary current.

关键词： field nonlinear invariant

Direct nanoscopic observation of plasma waves in the channel of a graphene field-effect transistor

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1079-1085页

作者： Amin Soltani Frederik Kuschewski Marlene Bonmann Andrey Generalov Andrei Vorobiev Florian Ludwig Matthias M.wiecha Dovile Cibiraite Frederik walla Stephan winnerl Susanne C.Kehr Lukas M.Eng Jan Stake Hartmut G.Roskos Physikalisches Institut Johann Wolfgang Goethe-UniversitatMax-von-Laue-Str.1D-60438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universitat DresdenNöthnitzer Str.61D-01187 DresdenGermany Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-RossendorfBautzner Landstraße 400D-01328 DresdenGermany Complexity and Topology in Quantum Matter(ct.qmat) Cluster of Excellence EXC 2147Dresden/WurzburgGermany Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto UniversityTietotie 302150EspooFinland

Plasma waves play an important role in many solid-state phenomena and *** also become significant in electronic device structures as the operation frequencies of these devices increase.A prominent example is field-effect transistors(FETs),that witness increased attention for application as rectifying detectors and mixers of electromagnetic waves at gigahertz and terahertz frequencies,where they exhibit very good sensitivity even high above the cut-off frequency defined by the carrier transit *** theory predicts that the coupling of radiation at THz frequencies into the channel of an antenna-coupled FET leads to the development of a gated plasma wave,collectively involving the charge carriers of both the two-dimensional electron gas and the gate *** this paper,we present the first direct visualization of these *** graphene FETs containing a buried gate electrode,we utilize near-field THz nanoscopy at room temperature to directly probe the envelope function of the electric field amplitude on the exposed graphene sheet and the neighboring antenna *** of the field distribution documents that wave injection is unidirectional from the source side since the oscillating electrical potentials on the gate and drain are equalized by capacitive *** plasma waves,excited at 2 THz,are overdamped,and their decay time lies in the range of 25-70 *** this short decay time,the decay length is rather long,i.e.,0.3-0.5μm,because of the rather large propagation speed of the plasma waves,which is found to lie in the range of 3.5-7×10^(6)m/s,in good agreement with *** propagation speed depends only weakly on the gate voltage swing and is consistent with the theoretically predicted 1/4 power law.

关键词： antenna channel transistor

Compressive holographic sensing simplifies quantitative phase imaging

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第6期12卷 946-948页

作者： Jiawei Sun Juergen w.Czarske Competence Center for Biomedical Computational Laser Systems(BIOLAS) TU DresdenDresdenGermany Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique(MST) TU DresdenHelmholtzstrasse 1801069 DresdenGermany cluster of excellence Physics of Life TU DresdenDresdenGermany Institute of Applied Physics TU DresdenDresdenGermany

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) has emerged as method for investigating biological specimen and technical objects. However, conventional methods often suffer from shortcomings in image quality, such as the twin image artifact. A novel computational framework for QPI is presented with high quality inline holographic imaging from a single intensity image. This paradigm shift is promising for advanced QPI of cells and tissues.

关键词： holographic phase shortcomings

Active Nematodynamics on Curved Surfaces–The Influence of Geometric Forces on Motion Patterns of Topological Defects

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第3期31卷 947-965页

作者： Michael Nestler Axel Voigt Institut fur wissenschaftliches Rechnen TU Dresden01062 DresdenGermany Center for Systems Biology dresden(CSBD) Pfotenhauerstraße 10801307 DresdenGermany cluster of excellence Physics of Life(PoL) 01062 DresdenGermany

we derive and numerically solve a surface active nematodynamics *** validate the numerical approach on a sphere and analyse the influence of hydro-dynamics on the oscillatory motion of topological *** ellipsoidal surfaces the influence of geometric forces on these motion patterns is addressed by taking into ac-count the effects of intrinsic as well as extrinsic curvature *** numerical experiments demonstrate the stronger coupling with geometric properties if extrinsic curvature contributions are present and provide a possibility to tuneflow and defect motion by surface properties.

关键词： Topological active matter defect dynamics hydrodynamic coupling surfacefinite elements

Contribution of fungal biomass to persistent soil carbon across natural ecosystems

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 444-456页

作者： Xiang wANG Guang-Hui YU Yakov KUZYAKOV Bo-Hao YIN Andreas KAPPLER Cong-Qiang LIU Bohai Coastal Critical Zone National Observation and Research Station Institute of Surface-Earth System ScienceSchool of Earth System ScienceTianjin Key Laboratory of Earth Critical Zone Science and Sustainable Development in Bohai RimTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil ScienceUniversity of GöttingenGöttingen 37077Germany Agro-Technological Institute Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)Moscow 117198Russia Geomicrobiology Center for Applied GeosciencesUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany cluster of excellence EXC 2124 Controlling Microbes to Fight InfectionUniversity of TübingenTübingen 72076Germany

Fungi are known to be crucial in the formation and stabilization of soil organic matter through their exudates and dead residues(necromass).Yet,it remains unclear how fungi contribute to the persistence of carbon in soils over millennial scales across ***,this study fills the knowledge gap by linking fungal carbon stocks with minerals-associated carbon stocks across major biomes.A strong correlation between fungal biomass and reactive mineral-associated carbon stocks in soils across six biomes supports the substantial role of fungi in soil carbon persistence at the global *** spatial resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry revealed that fungi may stabilize carbon by forming organo-mineral associations through their close physical connection to reactive minerals and weathered *** propose a conceptual model that emphasizes the dualistic role of hypha-mineral interactions:(i)fungi accelerate organic matter decomposition by producing reactive oxygen species on the hypha-mineral interfaces,and(ii)fungi stabilize their residues on mineral surfaces,leading to millennial scale persistence of soil ***,fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystems that extends beyond the decomposition of persistent *** are crucial in stabilizing carbon on mineral surfaces,thereby facilitating the long-term removal of carbon from rapid biotic cycling.

关键词： Biogeography Fungi Mineral-associated organic matter(MAOM) Reactive minerals Soil carbon stability NanoSIMS

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Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第7期61卷 817-835页

作者： Lennart Charton Anastasija Plett Nicole Linka Institute for Plant Biochemistry and cluster of excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) Heinrich Heine University

Plant peroxisomes are unique subcellular organelles which play an indispensable role in several key metabolic pathways, including fatty acid b-oxidation,photorespiration, and degradation of reactive oxygen species. The compartmentalization of metabolic pathways into peroxisomes is a strategy for organizing the metabolic network and improving pathway efficiency. An important prerequisite, however, is the exchange of metabolites between peroxisomes and other cell compartments. Since the first studies in the 1970s scientists contributed to understanding how solutes enter or leave this *** review gives an overview about our current knowledge of the solute permeability of peroxisomal membranes described in plants, yeast, mammals and other eukaryotes. In general, peroxisomes contain in their bilayer membrane specific transporters for hydrophobic fatty acids(ABC transporter) and large cofactor molecules(carrier for ATP, NAD and CoA). Smaller solutes with molecular masses below 300–400 Da, like the organic acids malate, oxaloacetate, and 2-oxoglutarate, are shuttled via non-selective channels across the peroxisomal *** comparison to yeast, human, mammals and other eukaryotes, the function of these known peroxisomal transporters and channels in plants are discussed in this review.

关键词： Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins

Lensless fiber endomicroscopy in biomedicine

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PhotoniX 2024年第1期5卷 402-410页

作者： Jiawei Sun Robert Kuschmierz Ori Katz Nektarios Koukourakis Juergen w.Czarske Competence Center for Biomedical Computational Laser Systems(BIOLAS) TU DresdenDresden 01069Germany Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Longwen Road 129Xuhui DistrictShanghai 200232China Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique(MST) TU DresdenHelmholtzstrasse 18Dresden 01069Germany Else Kroner Fresenius Center for digital Heath TU DresdenDresden 01062Germany Institute of Applied Physics The Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael cluster of excellence Physics of Life TU DresdenDresden 01062Germany Institute of Applied Physics TU DresdenDresden 01062Germany

Lensless fiber endomicroscopy,an emergent paradigm shift for minimally-invasive microscopic optical imaging and targeted light delivery,holds transformative potential,especially in *** holographic detection and physical or computational wavefront correction,it enables three-dimensional imaging in an unprecedentedly small footprint,which is crucial for various applications such as brain *** perspective reviews the recent breakthroughs,highlighting potential emerging applications,and pinpointing gaps between innovation and real-world *** the research in this realm accelerates,the novel breakthroughs and existing frontiers highlighted in this perspective can be used as guidelines for researchers joining this exciting domain.

关键词： Lensless endomicroscope Biomedical imaging Multimode fibers Multicore fibers Translation to real-world applications

Quantitative phase imaging through an ultra-thin lensless fiber endoscope

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1843-1852页

作者： Jiawei Sun Jiachen wu Song wu Ruchi Goswami Salvatore Girardo Liangcai Cao Jochen Guck Nektarios Koukourakis Juergen w.Czarske Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique(MST) TU DresdenHelmholtzstrasse 1801069DresdenGermany Competence Center for Biomedical Computational Laser Systems(BIOLAS) TU DresdenDresdenGermany State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentsTsinghua University100084BeijingChina Institute for Integrative Nanosciences IFW DresdenHelmholtzstraße 2001069DresdenGermany Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light&Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin 91058ErlangenGermany cluster of excellence Physics of Life TU DresdenDresdenGermany Institute of Applied Physics TU DresdenDresdenGermany

Quantitative phase imaging(QPI)is a label-free technique providing both morphology and quantitative biophysical information in ***,applying such a powerful technique to in vivo pathological diagnosis remains ***-core fiber bundles(MCFs)enable ultra-thin probes for in vivo imaging,but current MCF imaging techniques are limited to amplitude imaging *** demonstrate a computational lensless microendoscope that uses an ultra-thin bare MCF to perform quantitative phase imaging with microscale lateral resolution and nanoscale axial sensitivity of the optical path *** incident complex light field at the measurement side is precisely reconstructed from the far-field speckle pattern at the detection side,enabling digital refocusing in a multi-layer sample without any mechanical *** accuracy of the quantitative phase reconstruction is validated by imaging the phase target and hydrogel beads through the *** the proposed imaging modality,three-dimensional imaging of human cancer cells is achieved through the ultra-thin fiber endoscope,promising widespread clinical applications.

关键词： fiber phase thin