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Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton Cody J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser Shannon C.F.Smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission virginia institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

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Structural engineered living materials

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 715-733页

作者： Yang Geng Zian Jia Ling Li 635 Prices Fork Road Department of Mechanical EngineeringVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg VA24061USA

Biological structural materials not only exhibit remarkable mechanical properties but also often embody dynamic characteristics such as environmental responsiveness,autonomy,and self-healing,which are difficult to achieve in conventional engineering *** merging materials science,synthetic biology,and other disciplines,engineered living materials(ELMs)provide a promising solution to combine living organisms with abiotic components,thus facilitating the construction of functional“living”*** natural materials,ELMs possess vitality and hold immense application potential in areas such as medicine,electronics,and construction,captivating increasing research attention *** an emerging branch of ELMs,structural ELMs aim to mimic living biological structural materials by achieving desired mechanical performance while maintaining important“living”*** we summarize the recent progress and provide our perspectives for this emerging research *** first summarize the superiority of structural ELMs by reviewing biological structural materials and biomimetic material design ***,we provide a systematic discussion on the definition and classifications of structural ELMs,their mechanical performance,and physiological ***,we summarize some critical challenges faced by structural ELMs and highlight directions of future *** hope this review article can provide a timely summary of the state of the art and relevant perspectives for future development of structural ELMs.

关键词： structural materials engineered living materials(ELMs) structural ELMs composites mechanical properties

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Effects of dust controls on respirable coal mine dust composition and particle sizes:case studies on auxiliary scrubbers and canopy air curtain

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah C.Keles W.R.Reed E.Sarver Department of Mining and Minerals Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

Control of dust in underground coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and health *** decades,the National institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)has led research to evaluate the effectiveness of various dust control technologies in coal *** studies have included the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to reduce respirable dust downstream of active mining and the use of canopy air curtains(CACs)to reduce respirable dust in key operator *** detailed dust characterization was not a focus of such studies,this is a growing area of *** preserved filter samples from three previous NIOSH studies,the current work aims to explore the effect of two different scrubbers(one wet and one dry)and a roof bolter CAC on respirable dust composition and particle size *** this,the preserved filter samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and/or scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive *** indicate that dust composition was not appreciably affected by either scrubber or the ***,the wet scrubber and CAC appeared to decrease the overall particle size *** an effect of the dry scrubber was not consistently observed,but this is probably related to the particular sampling location downstream of the scrubber which allowed for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and other return *** from the insights gained with respect to the three specific dust control case studies revisited here,this work demonstrates the value of preserved dust samples for follow-up investigation more broadly.

关键词： Respirable dust Dust control SEM–EDX Scrubber Canopy air curtain Silica

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Patients’experiences with‘sludge’(administrative burden)in the cancer screening process and its relationship with screening completion,experience and health system distrust

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 8-17页

作者： Michelle S Rockwell Brianna Chang Vivian Zagarese Jamie K Turner Ally Southworth YingXing Wu Paul Yeaton Li Li Jeffrey S Stein Sarah H Parker John W Epling Department of Family and Community Medicine Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine RoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Health Systems and Implementation Science Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanokeVirginiaUSA Graduate Program in Translational Biology Medicineand HealthVirginia TechRoanokeVirginiaUSA Health Analytics Research Team Carilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCarilion ClinicRoanokeVirginiaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of Virginia School of MedicineCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Center for Health Behaviors Research Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTCRoanokeVirginiaUSA

Objective‘Sludge’refers to administrative burdens or frictions that preclude people from getting what they want or need(eg,duplicative forms,complicated instructions,long waiting times).This mixed methods study evaluated patients’perceptions of sludge in the colorectal cancer(CRC)screening process and some impacts of this *** We employed an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design that comprised patient interviews and a patient *** interviews informed final survey revisions and captured contextual data about patients’experiences with *** transcripts were inductively and deductively analysed to identify overarching *** survey quantified sludge,delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience(Net Promoter Score)and health system distrust(Health System Distrust Scale).We usedχ2 or t-tests for univariable comparisons and logistic or linear regressions to evaluate the association between cumulative sludge score and delayed or forgone screenings,screening experience and health system *** were integrated for *** Southeastern United *** Patients who were 45–75 years of age,at average risk for CRC and had either completed or been referred for CRC screening(colonoscopy or stool-based test)within the previous 12 *** 22 interview participants and 255 survey participants completed the study.38(15%)survey participants rated their screening experience as poor(Net Promoter Score=0–7 out of 10).The mean(SD)Health System Distrust Scale score was 22.4(6.3)out of 45 possible points(higher score=greater distrust).Perceptions of sludge in the CRC screening process varied,with long waiting times and burdensome communication being the most common sources(58%and 35%of participants,respectively).Sludge was positively associated with delayed or forgone screenings(OR=1.42,95%CI 1.28,1.57,p<0.001),poor screening experience(OR=1.15,95%CI 1.04,1.28,p=0.009)and health system distrust(β=0.47,p

关键词： sludge screening burden

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Least Square Finite Element Model for Analysis of Multilayered Composite Plates under Arbitrary Boundary Conditions

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第1期12卷 40-64页

作者： Christian Mathew Yao Fu Department of Engineering Mechanics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia USA Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg Virginia USA

Laminated composites are widely used in many engineering industries such as aircraft, spacecraft, boat hulls, racing car bodies, and storage tanks. We analyze the 3D deformations of a multilayered, linear elastic, anisotropic rectangular plate subjected to arbitrary boundary conditions on one edge and simply supported on other edge. The rectangular laminate consists of anisotropic and homogeneous laminae of arbitrary thicknesses. This study presents the elastic analysis of laminated composite plates subjected to sinusoidal mechanical loading under arbitrary boundary conditions. Least square finite element solutions for displacements and stresses are investigated using a mathematical model, called a state-space model, which allows us to simultaneously solve for these field variables in the composite structure’s domain and ensure that continuity conditions are satisfied at layer interfaces. The governing equations are derived from this model using a numerical technique called the least-squares finite element method (LSFEM). These LSFEMs seek to minimize the squares of the governing equations and the associated side conditions residuals over the computational domain. The model is comprised of layerwise variables such as displacements, out-of-plane stresses, and in- plane strains, treated as independent variables. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the response of the laminated composite plates under various arbitrary boundary conditions using LSFEM and compared with the 3D elasticity solution available in the literature.

关键词： Multilayered Composite and Sandwich Plate Transverse Stress Continuity Condition Arbitrary Boundary Condition Layerwise Theory Least-Squares Formulation

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Impact of ozonation on disinfection byproducts formation from phenylalanine during chlorination

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 199-211页

作者： Sinong Huang Hongwei Liu Kunming Wei Liang Zhang Xiaoyan Ma Qingsong Li Xueyan Li Andrea M.Dietrich College of Civil Engineering Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Civil Engineering Structures&Disaster Prevention and Mitigation TechnologyZhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310023China Water Resources and Environmental institute Xiamen University of TechnologyXiamen 361005China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlackburgVA 24061USA

As a strong oxidizing agent,ozone is used in some water treatment facilities for disinfection,taste and odor control,and removal of organic ***(Phe)was used as the target amino acid to comprehensively investigate variability of disinfection byproducts(DBPs)formation during chlorine disinfection and residual chlorine conditions subsequent to *** results showed that subsequent to ozonation,the typical regulated and unregulated DBPs formation potential(DBPsFP),including trichloromethane(TCM),dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN),chloral hydrate(CH),dichloroacetic acid(DCAA),trichloroacetic acid(TCAA),and trichloroacetamide(TCAcAm)increased substantially,by 2.4,3.3,5.6,1.2,2.5,and 6.0 times,respectively,compared with only *** also significantly increased the DBPs yield under a 2 day simulated residual chlorine condition that mimicked the water distribution *** formations followed pseudo first order *** formation rates of DBPs in the first 6 hr were higher for TCM(0.214 hr^(−1)),DCAN(0.244 hr^(−1)),CH(0.105 hr^(−1)),TCAcAm(0.234 hr^(−1)),DCAA(0.375 hr^(−1))and TCAA(0.190 hr^(−1))than *** peak DBPsFP of TCM,DCAN,CH,TCAcAm,DCAA,and TCAA were obtained when that ozonation time was set at 5–15 *** times>30 min increased the mineralization of Phe and decreased the formation of DBPs upon *** bromine ion(Br^(−1))concentration increased production of bromine-DBPs and decreased chlorine-DBPs formation by 59.3%–92.2%.Higher ozone dosages and slight alkaline favored to reduce DBP formation and *** ozonation conditions should be optimized for all application purposes including DBPs reduction.

关键词： Ozone Amino acids Chlorination Disinfection by-products

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Review on Lithium-ion Battery PHM from the Perspective of Key PHM Steps

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第4期37卷 1-22页

作者： Jinzhen Kong Jie Liu Jingzhe Zhu Xi Zhang Kwok-Leung Tsui Zhike Peng Dong Wang School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300401China School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburg 24061USA School of Mechanical Engineering Ningxia UniversityNingxia 750021China

Prognostics and health management(PHM)has gotten considerable attention in the background of Industry *** PHM contributes to the reliable and safe operation of electric ***,relevant reviews are still continuously updated over *** this paper,we browsed extensive literature related to battery PHM from 2018to 2023 and summarized advances in battery PHM field,including battery testing and public datasets,fault diagnosis and prediction methods,health status estimation and health management *** last topic includes state of health estimation methods,remaining useful life prediction methods and predictive maintenance *** of these categories is introduced and discussed in *** on this survey,we accordingly discuss challenges left to battery PHM,and provide future research *** research systematically reviews recent research about battery PHM from the perspective of key PHM steps and provide some valuable prospects for researchers and practitioners.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Prognostics and health management Remaining useful life State of health Predictive maintenance

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A Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Technique for Optimal Power Allocation in Multiple Access Communications

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2024年第1期39卷 93-108页

作者： Sepehr Soltani Ehsan Ghafourian Reza Salehi Diego Martín Milad Vahidi Department of Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringUniversity of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA Department of Computer Science Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA ETSI de Telecomunicación Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain Faculty of School of Plant and Environmental Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and StateUniversityBlacksburgVirginia24060USA

Formany years,researchers have explored power allocation(PA)algorithms driven bymodels in wireless networks where multiple-user communications with interference are ***,data-driven machine learning methods have become quite popular in analyzing wireless communication systems,which among them deep reinforcement learning(DRL)has a significant role in solving optimization issues under certain *** this purpose,in this paper,we investigate the PA problem in a k-user multiple access channels(MAC),where k transmitters(e.g.,mobile users)aim to send an independent message to a common receiver(e.g.,base station)through wireless *** this end,we first train the deep Q network(DQN)with a deep Q learning(DQL)algorithm over the simulation environment,utilizing offline ***,the DQN will be used with the real data in the online training method for the PA issue by maximizing the sumrate subjected to the source ***,the simulation results indicate that our proposedDQNmethod provides better performance in terms of the sumrate compared with the available DQL training approaches such as fractional programming(FP)and weighted minimum mean squared error(WMMSE).Additionally,by considering different user densities,we show that our proposed DQN outperforms benchmark algorithms,thereby,a good generalization ability is verified over wireless multi-user communication systems.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning deep Q learning multiple access channel power allocation

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Direct 4D printing of functionally graded hydrogel networks for biodegradable,untethered,and multimorphic soft robots

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 407-416页

作者： Soo Young Cho Dong Hae Ho Sae Byeok Jo Jeong Ho Cho Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061United States of America School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Recent advances in functionally graded additive manufacturing(FGAM)technology have enabled the seamless hybridization of multiple functionalities in a single *** robotics can become one of the largest beneficiaries of these advances,through the design of a facile four-dimensional(4D)FGAM process that can grant an intelligent stimuli-responsive mechanical functionality to the printed ***,we present a simple binder jetting approach for the 4D printing of functionally graded porous multi-materials(FGMM)by introducing rationally designed graded multiphase feeder *** graded cross-linking agents gradually form stable porous network structures within aqueous polymer particles,enabling programmable hygroscopic deformation without complex mechanical ***,a systematic bed design incorporating additional functional agents enables a multi-stimuli-responsive and untethered soft robot with stark stimulus *** biodegradability of the proposed 4D-printed soft robot further ensures the sustainability of our approach,with immediate degradation rates of 96.6%within 72 *** proposed 4D printing concept for FGMMs can create new opportunities for intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing in soft robotics.

关键词： intelligent and sustainable additive manufacturing multi-material four-dimensional printing untethered soft robot multi-stimuli-responsive soft robot biodegradable soft robotics

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Automated,economical,and environmentally-friendly asphalt mix design based on machine learning and multi-objective grey wolf optimization

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第3期11卷 381-405页

作者： Jian Liu Fangyu Liu Linbing Wang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA School of Environmental CivilAgricultural and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Illinois Center for Transportation Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

The increasing impact of the greenhouse effect on ecosystems is prompting transportation agencies to seek methods for reducing CO_(2)emissions during pavement construction and ***,the laboratory mix design process,which involves selecting aggregate gradation and binder content,is time-consuming and *** accelerate the traditional mix design procedure,this study presented a mix design procedure that can automatically determine gradation and binder content based on machine learning(ML)and a meta-heuristic ***,ML approaches were employed to model the relationship between volumetric properties(mixture bulk specific gravity(Gmb)and air void(VV))and both mixture component properties and mixture proportion,based on a dataset collected from literature with 660 mixture *** with the prediction of ML models and the modified multi-objective grey wolf optimization(MOGWO)algorithm,an automatic asphalt mix design was proposed to pursue three goals,including VV,cost,and CO_(2)*** results indicated that least squares support vector regression(LSSVR)and e Xtreme gradient boosting(XGBoost)achieved the highest prediction accuracies(correlation coefficient:0.92 for VV and 0.96 for Gmb).The MOGWO algorithm successfully found the 26 optimal mix designs for the case of VV *** ***_(2)*** to the traditional laboratory design,the optimal mixture with VV of4%achieves a cost saving of 2.46%and a reduction of 4.03%in carbon *** volumetric properties of the mixtures output by the approach also align closely with values measured in a laboratory.

关键词： Asphalt mix design Machine learning MOGWO CO_(2)emission Volumetric properties

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