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A One Health approach to fight antimicrobial resistance in Uganda: Implementation experience, results, and lessons learned

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 125-132页

作者： Reuben Kiggundu J.P.Waswa Niranjan Konduri Hassan Kasuja Marion Murungi Patrick Vudriko Harriet Akello Eric Lugada Cecilia Muiva Esther Were Dinah Tjipura Henry Kajumbula Kate Kikule Emmanuel Nfor Mohan P.Joshi USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthArlingtonVA 22203USA College of veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and BiosecurityMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala 256Uganda USAID Strengthening Supply Chain Systems Activity Management Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthNairobi 254Kenya Department of Microbiology College of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda

Uganda has been implementing the Global Health Security Agenda(GHSA)since 2015 to build its capacity according to World Health Organization(WHO)Benchmarks on International Health Regulations *** country remains prone to outbreaks,with more than 20 disease outbreaks reported in the past five years,including Ebola virus disease,Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever,Marburg haemorrhagic fever,measles,yellow fever,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and *** resistance(AMR)is an ongoing *** scored capacity level 3 on infection prevention and control(IPC)and antimicrobial stewardship(AMS)in the 2017 Joint External Evaluation(JEE)*** gaps were being addressed after a self-assessment in *** paper describes the technical assistance approaches provided to Uganda by the Medicines,Technologies,and Pharmaceutical services Program,funded by the United States(U.S.)Agency for International Development,and implemented by Management Sciences for *** program,through a One Health approach,supported systematic capacity strengthening based on the JEE's capacity advancement framework for global health security,specifically relating to *** program's interventions impacted 32 WHO benchmark actions(7 for AMR multisectoral coordination,16 for IPC,and 9 for AMS),contributing to Uganda's strengthened GHSA *** success built on the AMR platform,the program trained 745 health workers in IPC for the Ebola virus and provided support for simulation exercises by eight district IPC *** program also worked with the Ministry of Health to coordinate IPC for the COVID-19 response in five health regions,covering 45 districts and reaching 5,452 health workers at 858 health facilities.

关键词： One health Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotic resistance Jointexternal evaluation Global health security Uganda Africa WHO Benchmarks for International Health Regulations Capacities

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Towards an actionable One Health approach

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 77-82页

作者： Zhang Xiao-Xi Lederman Zohar Han Le-Fei Schurer Janna M. Xiao Li-Hua Zhang Zhi-Bing Chen Qiu-Lan Pfeiffer Dirk Ward Michael P. Sripa Banchob Gabri?l Sarah Dhama Kuldeep Acharya Krishna Prasad Robertson Lucy J. Deem Sharon L. Aenishaenslin Cécile Dantas-Torres Filipe Otranto Domenico Grace Delia Wang Yang Li Peng Fu Chao Poeta Patrícia Rahman Md. Tanvir Kassegne Kokouvi Zhu Yong-Zhang Yin Kun Liu Jiming Wang Zhao-Jun Guo Xiao-Kui Gong Wen-Feng Schwartl?nder Bernhard Ren Ming-Hui Zhou Xiao-Nong School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Institute of One Health Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai People’s Republic of China Medical Ethics and Humanities Unit Hong Kong University Hong Kong People’s Republic of China center for One Health University of Global Health Equity Butaro Rwanda College of veterinary Medicine South China Agricultural University Guangzhou People’s Republic of China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan University Haikou Hainan People’s Republic of China Branch of animal and vector-borne diseases Division of Infectious Disease Control Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing People’s Republic of China Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR People’s Republic of China Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences Royal Veterinary College London United Kingdom Sydney School of veterinary Science The University of Sydney Camden Australia Tropical Disease Research center Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Laboratory of foodborne parasitic zoonoses Department of translational physiology infectiology and public health Chair Faculty Committee on Internationalisation Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Merelbeke Belgium Division of Pathology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India Department of Livestock services Animal Quarantine Office-Kathmandu Budhanilkantha Kathmandu Nepal Parasitology Department of Paraclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences ?s Norway One Government Drive Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine St. Louis USA Groupe de Recherche en épidémi

Background Despite the increasing focus on strengthening One Health capacity building on global level, challenges remain in devising and implementing real-world interventions particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. Recognizing these gaps, the One Health Action Commission (OHAC) was established as an academic community for One Health action with an emphasis on research agenda setting to identify actions for highest *** text This viewpoint describes the agenda of, and motivation for, the recently formed OHAC. Recognizing the urgent need for evidence to support the formulation of necessary action plans, OHAC advocates the adoption of both bottom-up and top-down approaches to identify the current gaps in combating zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, addressing food safety, and to enhance capacity building for context-sensitive One Health *** By promoting broader engagement and connection of multidisciplinary stakeholders, OHAC envisions a collaborative global platform for the generation of innovative One Health knowledge, distilled practical experience and actionable policy advice, guided by strong ethical principles of One Health.

关键词： One Health Global Health One Health Action Commission Research agenda

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Fentanyl and xylazine crisis:Crafting coherent strategies for opioid overdose prevention

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第6期14卷 760-766页

作者： Lakshit Jain Jasleen Kaur Shahana Ayub Danya Ansari Rizwan Ahmed Abdul Qadir Dada Saeed Ahmed Department of Psychiatry University of ConnecticutFarmingtonCT 06032United States Addiction services Division Connecticut Valley HospitalMiddletownCT 06457United States Department of Psychiatry Institute of LivingHartfordCT 06102United States Department of Medicine Islamabad Medical and Dental CollegeIslamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Medicine Liaquat College of Medicine and DentistryKarachi 75290Pakistan Department of Medicine Trinity School of MedicineRoswellGA 30075United States Addiction services and Dual Diagnosis Unit Saint Francis Hospital and Medical CenterHartfordCT 06105United States

The United States is in the throes of a severe opioid overdose epidemic,primarily fueled by the pervasive use of fentanyl and the emerging threat of xylazine,a veterinary sedative often mixed with *** high potency and long duration of fentanyl is compounded by the added risks from xylazine,heightening the lethal danger faced by opioid *** such as enhanced surveillance,public awareness campaigns,and the distribution of fentanylxylazine test kits,and naloxone have been undertaken to mitigate this ***-related overdose deaths persist despite these efforts,partly due to inconsistent policies across states and resistance towards adopting harm reduction strategies.A multifaceted approach is imperative in effectively combating the opioid overdose *** approach should include expansion of treatment access,broadening the availability of medications for opioid use disorder,implementation of harm reduction strategies,and enaction of legislative reforms and diminishing stigma associated with opioid use disorder.

关键词： Fentanyl Xylazine Opioid overdose Epidemic Opioid use disorder Buprenorphine Medications for opioid use disorder

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Achillea fragrantissima,rich in flavonoids and tannins,potentiates the activity of diminazine aceturate against Trypanosoma evansi in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第3期9卷 223-229页

作者： Ibrahim M.El-Ashmawy Naser A.Al-Wabel Aida E.Bayad Department of veterinary Medicine College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine.Qassim University Department of Pharmacology.Faculty of veterinary Medicine.Alexandria University veterinary services center Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAlexandria University

Objective:To evaluate activity of methanol extract of Achillea fragrantissima(meth)(***) alone or in combination with diminazine aceturate(DA) against Trypanosoma evansi in experimentally infected ***:Sixty adult male Wister albino rats were divided equally into 6 groups(A-F).Rats in groups A-E were experimentally infected with *** and those in group F were *** groups were treated respectively as follows:group A- with 3.5 mg/kg DA;group B- with 1 000 mg/kg meth,***;group C-3.5mg/kg DA plus 500 mg/kg meth ***;group D-3.5 mg/kg DA plus 1 000 mg/kg meth *** E was left ***,survivability,packed cell volume,hemoglobin concentration,total leucocytes count,lymphocyte count,and serum malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione(GSH) levels were *** screening of meth *** was also ***:The phytochemical analysis of the meth *** indicated a higher content from polyphenols tannins and non tannins and *** efficacy percentage against trypanosomiasis in groups A to E was respectively as follows 80,40,90.100,*** administration of ***(1000)mg/kg ***.) produced a moderate efficacy against *** rats in group E died between 25 and 30 d post *** rats given DA and meth *** combinations(C and D) showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and groups A and *** initial reduction in packed cell volume,hemoglobin,total leucocytes count,increases in serum malondialdehyde and decreases in GSH levels were reversed by the treatments.C onclusions:The administration of the methanol extracts of *** and DA combination therapy was more effective than each product alone in the treatment of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi and further studies are required to isolate more active ingredients.

关键词： Achillea fragrantissima Trypanosoma evansi Flavonoids Malondialdehyde Reduced glutathione Rats

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Advances in clinical applications of bioceramics in the new regenerative medicine era

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1863-1869页

作者： Noha Elshazly Fayza Eid Nasr Ayat Hamdy Safa Saied Mohamed Elshazly Tissue Engineering Laboratory Faculty of DentistryAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21526Egypt Department of Biochemistry Faculty of ScienceAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21526Egypt Public Dental Clinic Central Administration of DentistryMinistry of Health and PopulationAlexandria 21554Egypt Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAlexandria 21526Egypt

In this editorial,we comment on the hard and soft tissue applications of different ceramic-based scaffolds prepared by different mechanisms such as 3D printing,sol-gel,and *** new concept of regenerative medicine relies on biomaterials that can trigger in situ tissue regeneration and stem cell recruitment at the defect site.A large percentage of these biomaterials is ceramic-based as they provide the essential requirements of biomaterial principles such as tailored multisize porosity,antibacterial properties,and angiogenic *** these previously mentioned properties put bioceramics on top of the hierarchy of biomaterials utilized to stimulate tissue regeneration in soft and hard tissue *** clinical applications registered the use of these materials in triggering soft tissue regeneration in healthy and diabetic patients such as bioactive glass *** results were promising and opened new frontiers for utilizing these materials on a larger *** same results were mentioned when using different forms and formulas of bioceramics in hard defect *** bioceramics were used in combination with other polymers and biological scaffolds to improve their regenerative and mechanical *** this progress will enable a larger scale of patients to receive such services with ease and decrease the financial burden on the government.

关键词： Regenerative medicine Bioceramics Chronic wounds Bone defects Clinical applications

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Control of animal brucellosis: the Malaysian experience

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第12期9卷 1111-1115页

作者： M.Zamri-Saad M.I.Kamarudin Research Centre for Ruminant Diseases Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversiti Putra Malaysia Department of veterinary services Malaysia Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease characterized by reproductive failure in animals and undulent fever in humans. In cattle, it is caused by Brucella abortus while in goats by Brucella melitensis, the main cause of brucellosis in humans. Brucellosis in livestock has been associated with importation of animals from breeder herd of unknown disease status. The prevalence of bovine brucellosis Brucella abortus in 2014 ranged between 1%-2% in Thailand and Indonesia, and 4%-5% in Malaysia and Myanmar. Prevalence of goat brucellosis Brucella melitensis is approximately 1% in Malaysia and Thailand. ‘Test-and-slaughter' is the general policy against brucellosis adopted by most ASEAN countries to eradicate the disease. Under this program, the Rose Bengal Plate Test(RBPT) is used as the screening test to identify infected farm/herd while the Complement Fixation Test(CFT) is the confirmatory test. The test-and-slaughter eradication strategy that was implemented since 1979 had managed to keep the prevalence rate to less than 5%, from 3.3% in 1979, 0.23% in 1988, 1% in 1998 and 5% in 2016. The test-and-slaughter program seemed effective in reducing the prevalence of brucellosis but was unable to eradicate the disease due to several factors, which include failure to locate and identify the remaining affected animals and to control their movement, importation of breeder animals from non-brucellosis free countries and lack of participation by the farmers following unrealiable test results. To support the eradication policy, research activities since 1980 s have suggested combinations of serological tests to improve diagnosis while surveillance should be focused on hotspots areas. The prevalence can be further reduced by strictly sourcing breeder animals from brucella-free areas or countries.

关键词： Brucellosis Animal Control

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Environmental temperatures,physiology and behavior limit the range expansion of invasive Burmese pythons in southeastern USA

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 271-285页

作者： Elliott R.JACOBSON David G.BARKER Tracy M.BARKER Richard MAULDIN Michael L.AVERY Richard ENGEMAN Stephen SECOR College of veterinary Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida Vida Preciosa International(VPI) BoerneTexas US Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColorado US Department of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterGainesvilleFlorida Department of Biological Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabamaUSA

A well-established population of Burmese pythons resides in the Everglades of southern *** in part by a report that identified much of southern USA as suitable habitat for expansion or establishment of the Burmese python,we examined the plausibility of this snake to survive winters at sites north of the *** integrated daily low and high temperatures recorded from October to February from 2005-2011 at Homestead,Orlando and Gainesville,Florida;and Aiken,South Carolina,with minimum temperatures projected for python digestion(16℃),activity(5℃)and survival(0℃).Mean low and high temperatures decreased northward from Homestead to Aiken and the number of days of freezing temperatures increased *** was impaired or inhibited for 2 months in the Everglades and up to at least 5 months in Aiken,and activity was increasingly limited northward during these *** of overwinter survivorship document that a single bout of low and freezing temperatures results in python *** capacity for Burmese pythons to successfully overwinter in more temperate regions of the USA is seemingly prohibited because they lack the behaviors to seek refuge from,and the physiology to tolerate,cold *** tropical Southeast Asia is the source of the Everglades Burmese pythons,we predict it is unlikely that they will be able to successfully expand to or colonize more temperate areas of Florida and adjoining states due to their lack of behavioral and physiological traits to seek refuge from cold temperatures.

关键词： ambient temperature Burmese python invasion snake thermal tolerance

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Impacts of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and avian influenza on U.S. meat demand

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第6期14卷 1130-1141页

作者： Jianhong E Mu Bruce A McCarl Amy Hagerman David Bessler Department of Applied Economics Oregon State University Department of Agricultural Economics Texas A&M University center for Epidemiology and Animal Health Veterinary Services Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture

This paper examines the U.S. meat demand impacts of the announced outbreaks of bovine spongiform encephalopathy（BSE） and avian influenza（AI）. Findings indicate that beef and chicken demand was negatively affected by BSE and AI disease outbreaks. Specifically, in the short run, U.S. consumers shift demand due to both outbreaks but more so due to domestic disease outbreaks than for outbreaks occurring overseas-the impact of U.S. AI outbreaks is about 0.5% for beef and the impact of U.S. BSE cases is around –0.42% for beef and 0.4% for pork, respectively. Regarding the BSE shock on meat demand, there is a high rate of beef demand adjusted from disturbance to the long-run equilibrium and a lower adjustment rate for chicken demand because of the repeated outbreaks of AI worldwide. In the long run, information related to severe, persistently recurring overseas animal disease outbreaks changes U.S. consumers＇ meat consumption patterns. Although effects of animal diseases on U.S. meat demand were statistically significant, the magnitudes were small-the impact of WHO reported human death numbers for AI is 0.005% for beef, –0.002% for pork, and –0.006% for chicken and the impact of U.S. BSE cases is 1.1% for pork and –0.7% for chicken.

关键词： spongiform avian chicken bovine encephalopathy overseas disturbance adjustment pathogenic deaths

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Factors affectingin-vivo fertility of crossbred Egyptian - Italian buffalo semen

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第6期6卷 264-267页

作者： GA El-Sisy KGhM Mahmoud AAE El-sokary MF Nawito YF Ahmed Department of Animal Reproduction and A.I. National Research CenterDokkiGizaEgypt General Organization for veterinary services DokkiEgypt

Objective:To assess the effect of region, season and year of insemination onin-vivo fertility of Italian-Egyptian crossbred buffalo ***: A total number of 4799 female buffaloes were inseminated by frozen semen with at least 50% post-thaw motility of Egyptian-Italian crossbred bulls in three localities in Delta, lower Egypt (El-Behira, El-Sharkia and Damietta) during the period of 2013, 2014 and 2015. The pregnancy rate after two months was evaluated during the four ***:The rate of pregnancy was significantly (P<0.0001) differ among the three localities. The effect of year of insemination on pregnancy rate was significantly higher during 2014 and 2015 than 2013 in El-Sharkia and El-Behira. But in Damietta, the rate of pregnancy was significantly higher in 2014 than 2013 and 2015. There were no significant differences among seasons in El-Behira and Damietta governorates but there was significant (P<0.05) differences in pregnancy rate in El-Sharkia. It was higher in summer, spring and autumn than in ***:Localities, year of insemination and season of the year have effects on fertility of crossbred Egyptian-Italian buffalo semen.

关键词： Artificial insemination Pregnancy rate Egyptian-Italian crossbred Buffalo bull

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Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第5期3卷 401-406页

作者： Stephen Chege Judith Howlett Majid Al Qassimi Arshad Toosy Joerg Kinne Vincent Obanda Life Sciences Department Al Ain Wildlife Park and Resort Central veterinary Research Laboratories veterinary services Department Kenya Wildlife Service

Objective:To describe clinical signs,pathology,diagnosis and treatment of Cape vultures in which Aspergillus fumigatus(***)and mixed species of bacteria were ***:Six Cape vultures sourced from South Africa for exhibition at Al Ain Zoo developed illness manifesting as anorexia,dyspnea,polyuria and *** vultures died manifesting"pneumonia-like syndrome".These three vultures were necropsied and gross lesions recorded,while organ tissues were collected for *** organs were swabbed for bacteriology and *** live vultures,blood was collected for hematology and biochemistry,oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were collected for mycology and ***:*** was isolated from the three dead vultures and two live ones that eventually *** of the dead vulture and two live vultures were co-infected with *** and mixed species of bacteria that included Clostridium perfringens,Pseudomonas,Staphylococcus,Escherichia,Proteus,Enterococcus and *** of the Cape vulture and a Lappetfaced vulture,however,were free of Aspergillus or bacterial *** necropsy,intestinal hemorrhages were observed and the lungs were overtly congested with granulomas present on caudal air *** examinations demonstrated granulomatous lesions that were infiltrated by mononuclear cells and giant ***:Aspergillosis is a persistent threat to captive birds and we recommend routine health assessments so that early diagnosis may prompt early *** is likely that prompt prophylaxis by broad spectrum antibiotics and antifungals medication contributed to the survival of some of the vultures.

关键词： Aspergillosis Cape vultures Wild birds Aspergillus Bacteria

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