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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第7期66卷 1665-1681页

作者： Dongsheng Jia Qifu Liang Hongyan Chen Huan Liu Guangjun Li Xiaofeng Zhang Qian Chen Aiming Wang Taiyun Wei Vector-borne Virus Research Center State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China London research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaLondonOntarioN5V 4T3Canada

Multiple viral infections in insect vectors with synergistic effects are common in nature,but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.Here,we find that rice gall dwarf reovirus(RGDV)facilitates the transmission of rice stripe mosaic rhabdovirus(RSMV)by co-infected leafhopper vectors.RSMV nucleoprotein(N)alone activates complete anti-viral autophagy,while RGDV nonstructural protein Pns11 alone induces pro-viral incomplete autophagy.In co-infected vectors,RSMVexploits Pns11-induced autophagosomes to assemble enveloped virions via N-Pns11-ATG5 interaction.Furthermore,RSMV could effectively propagate in Sf9 cells.Expression of Pns11 in Sf9 cells or leafhopper vectors causes the recruitment of N from the ER to Pns11-induced autophagosomes and inhibits N-induced complete autophagic flux,finally facilitating RSMV propagation.In summary,these results demonstrate a previously unappreciated role of autophagy in the regulation of the direct synergistic interaction during co-transmission of two distinct arboviruses by insect vectors and reveal the functional importance of virus-induced autophagosomes in rhabdovirus assembly.

关键词： autophagy synergistic interaction insect vector rhabdovirus co-transmission

Cutaneous anthrax associated with facial palsy:A case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第8期16卷 379-382页

作者： Majid Ghafouri Seyed Mehran Mojtabaei Azar Shokri vector-borne Diseases research center North Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran Student research Committee Bojnurd University of Medical SciencesBojnurddIran

Rationale:Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by spores of Gram-positive Bacillus anthracis,commonly affects mammals and in rare cases birds.Human infection occurs accidentally through direct or indirect exposure to animal or their products.Patient concerns:A 63-year-old man was referred to our hospital with flu-like symptoms and severe swelling and redness on the face,the roof of the mouth,and nostrils.He had a history of direct contact with a slaughtered mutton two days ago.He declared controlled diabetes,hypertension,hypertriglyceridemia,and heart failure.Lungs were normal in lung high resolution CT,but multiple lymphadenopathies were seen in the mediastinum.Bilateral axillary lymphadenopathy with a maximum sad of 23 mm and pleural effusion on the right side was observed.CT scan of the nose and sinuses showed an increased density of polyps in the left maxillary sinus.Slides were prepared from the patient's lesions and examined under a light microscope.Bacillus shape with Streptococcus bacteria was seen.Diagnosis:Anthrax co-infection with herpes systemic virus and Streptococcus pyogenes.Interventions:Multidrug therapy started with appropriate antibiotics.Outcomes:The symptoms of the patient gradually disappeared.The patient was discharged without any complications.Lessons:Cutaneous anthrax in endemic areas in patients with skin presentations and a history of contact with infected animals or products should be considered a differential diagnosis.This is more important in mixed infections where the main cause of the problem may be hidden.

关键词： Case report Anthrax Cutaneous North East Iran

Recent advances and emerging trends in antiviral defense networking in rice

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The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 553-563页

作者： Lu Wang Huiting Xie Xiaoyuan Zheng Jiasheng Chen Shuai Zhang Jianguo Wu Vector-borne Virus Research Center Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyState Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina

Plants and viruses coexist in the natural ecosystem for extended periods of time,interacting with each other and even coevolving,maintaining a dynamic balance between plant disease resistance and virus pathogenicity.During virus–host interactions,plants often exhibit abnormal growth and development.However,plants do not passively withstand virus attacks but have evolved sophisticated and effective defense mechanisms to resist,limit,or undermine virus infections.It is widely believed that the initial stage of infection features the most intense interactions between the virus and the host and the greatest variety of activated signal transduction pathways.This review describes the most recent findings in rice antiviral research and discusses a variety of rice antiviral molecular mechanisms,including those based on R genes and recessive resistance,RNA silencing,phytohormone signaling,autophagy and WUSmediated antiviral immunity.Finally,we discuss the challenges and future prospects of breeding rice for enhanced virus resistance.

关键词： Rice antivirus R gene RNA silencing Recessive resistance Hormone

Aluminium is essential for root growth and development of tea plants(Camellia sinensis)^∞

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第7期62卷 984-997页

作者： Lili Sun Mengshi Zhang Xiaomei Liu Qianzhuo Mao Chen Shi Leon VKochian Hong Liao Root Biology center College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Vector-borne Virus Research Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Global Institute for Food Security University of SaskatchewanSaskatoon S7N 4J8Canada

On acid soils,the trivalent aluminium ion(Al3+)predominates and is very rhizotoxic to most plant species.For some native plant species adapted to acid soils including tea(Camellia sinensis),Al3+has been regarded as a beneficial mineral element.In this study,we discovered that Al3+is actually essential for tea root growth and development in all the tested varieties.Aluminum ion promoted new root growth in five representative tea varieties with dose-dependent responses to Al3+availability.In the absence of Al3+,the tea plants failed to generate new roots,and the root tips were damaged within 1 d of Al deprivation.Struc-tural analysis of root tips demonstrated that Al was required for root meristem development and activity.In situ morin@staining of Al3+in roots revealed that Al mainly localized to nuclei in root meristem cells,but then gradually moved to the cytosol when Al3+was subsequently withdrawn.This movement of Al3+from nuclei to cytosols was accompanied by exacerbated DNA damage,which suggests that the nuclear-targeted Al primarily acts to maintain DNA integrity.Taken together,these results provide novel evidence that Al3+is essential for root growth in tea plants through maintenance of DNA integrity in meristematic cells.

关键词： sinensis roots Camellia

A large fragment deletion in centromere compromises antiviral immunity in Arabidopsis

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A large fragment deletion in centromere compromises antivira...

Current rice production is highly vulnerable to insect-borne viral diseases

中国植物病理学会2021年学术年会

作者： JIN Liying LIAN Qi CHEN Mengna SHEN Li GUO Zhongxin Vector-borne Virus Research Center State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan CropsCollege of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry University

In our previous study,we developed a robust forward genetic screen to isolate antiviral RNAi defective（avi） mutant using CMV-Δ2 b,a CMV mutant with the deletion of 2 b.avi149 and avi049768 are two new mutants from Salk T-DNA mutant pool through the genetic screen.It was found that both mutants did not show defects in growth and development,but after CMV-Δ2 b infection both exhibited severe disease symptoms compared to Wildtype Col-0.Surprisingly,the virus accumulation and viral siRNA accumulation were not changed in both mutants compared to WT Col-0.It suggested that another antiviral defense other than antiviral RNAi may be disrupted in both mutants,and the underlying antiviral defense could improve plant tolerance to keep plant healthy after viral infection.We did whole-genome sequencing to find the mutation sites in both mutants,since both mutants were not genetically linked with Salk T-DNA insertion.It was found that an about 1 Mbp fragment spanning centromere in chromosome 1 was deleted in avi149 and the same region was also deleted in avi049768.Further RNA-seq result showed that nearly all genes in that region were truly not expressed in either mutants.We then obtained F1 generation plants after crossing avi149 and avi049768,and found these F1 generation plants did not show any defects in growth and development,but after being infected with CMV-Δ2 b,all F1 generation plants displayed severe disease symptoms just like avi149 or avi049768,indicating that the deletion of the large fragment in chromosome 1 indeed led to the compromised antiviral defense in avi 149 and in avi049768.Our research demonstrated that plant may also evolve distinct mechanism to provide plant tolerance to virus to keep plant healthy,and the genetic screen we previously developed with CMV-Δ2 b also provides powerful tool to dissect the mechanism of plant tolerance to virus.

关键词： Cucumber Mosaic virus 2b antiviral tolerance AVI

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National Science Review 2022年第9期9卷 142-144页

作者： Jian-guo Wu Guo-yi Yang Shan-shan Zhao Shuai Zhang Bi-xia Qin Yong-sheng Zhu Hui-ting Xie Qing Chang Lu Wang Jie Hu Chao Zhang Bao-gang Zhang Da-li Zeng Jian-fu Zhang Xian-bo Huang Qian Qian Shou-wei Ding Yi Li Vector-borne Virus Research Center Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant Virology Institute of Plant Virology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Institute of Plant Protection Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rice research Institute Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Rice research Institute Sanming Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology Center for Plant Cell Biology Institute for Integrative Genome Biology University of California The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene research School of Life Sciences Peking University

Rice is one of the most important food crops and feeds more than half of the world’s population [1]. Arthropod-borne rice viruses have caused devastating epidemics in Asian countries and are a major threat to food security [2]. However,lile is known about the vulnerability of rice crops to viral pathogens [3,4], especially southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) and rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV), known to induce annual outbreaks by insect transmission in some localities in Asia.

关键词： INSIGHTS IMMUNITY

AGO2a but not AGO2b mediates antiviral defense against infection of wild-type cucumber mosaic virus in tomato

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Horticulture research 2023年第5期10卷 38-48页

作者： Liling Zhao Yingfang Chen Xingming Xiao Haiying Gao Jiamin Cao Zhongkai Zhang Zhongxin Guo Vector-borne Virus Research Center State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan CropsCollege of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002 China 2Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology of Yunnan Province Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Research InstituteYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming650221 China

Evolutionarily conserved antiviral RNA interference(RNAi)mediates a primary antiviral innate immunity preventing infection of broad-spectrum viruses in plants.However,the detailed mechanism in plants is still largely unknown,especially in important agricultural crops,including tomato.Varieties of pathogenic viruses evolve to possess viral suppressors of RNA silencing(VSRs)to suppress antiviral RNAi in the host.Due to the prevalence of VSRs,it is still unknown whether antiviral RNAi truly functions to prevent invasion by natural wild-type viruses in plants and animals.In this research,for the first time we applied CRISPR-Cas9 to generate ago2a,ago2b,or ago2ab mutants for two differentiated Solanum lycopersicum AGO2s,key effectors in antiviral RNAi.We found that AGO2a but not AGO2b was significantly induced to inhibit the propagation of not only VSR-deficient Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)but also wild-type CMV-Fny in tomato;however,neither AGO2a nor AGO2b regulated disease induction after infection with either virus.Our findings firstly reveal a prominent role of AGO2a in antiviral RNAi innate immunity in tomato and demonstrate that antiviral RNAi evolves to defend against infection of natural wild-type CMV-Fny in tomato.However,AGO2a-mediated antiviral RNAi does not play major roles in promoting tolerance of tomato plants to CMV infection for maintaining health.

关键词： immunity invasion media

Regulation of Rice Tillering by RNA-Directed DNA Methylation at Miniature Inverted-Repeat Transposable Elements

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Molecular Plant 2020年第6期13卷 851-863页

作者： Le Xu Kun Yuan Meng Yuan Xiangbing Meng Min Chen Jianguo Wu Jiayang Li Yijun Qi center for Plant Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Tsinghua-Peking center for Life Sciences Beijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National center for Plant Gene research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Vector-borne Virus Research Center State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan CropsFujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyInstitute of Plant VirologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Tillering is a major determinant of rice plant architecture and grain yield.Here,we report that depletion of rice OsNRPD1a and OsNRPD1b,two orthologs of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase IV,leads to a high-tillering phenotype,in addition to dwarfism and smaller panicles.OsNRPD1a and OsNRPD1b are required for the production of 24-nt small interfering RNAs that direct DNA methylation at transposable elements(TEs)including miniature inverted-repeat TEs(MITEs).Interestingly,many genes are regulated either positively or negatively by TE methylation.Among them,OsMIR156d and OsMIR156j,which promote rice tillering,are repressed by CHH methylation at two MITEs in the promoters.By contrast,D14,which suppresses rice tillering,is activated by CHH methylation at an MITE in its downstream.Our findings reveal regulation of rice tillering by RNA-directed DNA methylation at MITEs and provide potential targets for agronomic trait enhancement through epigenome editing.

关键词： RdDM siRNA MITEs OsMIR156 D14 tiller

OsLTP47 may function in a lipid transfer relay essential for pollen wall development in rice

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第5期49卷 481-491页

作者： Libin Chen Chonghui Ji Degui Zhou Xin Gou Jianian Tang Yongjie Jiang Jingluan Han Yao-Guang Liu Letian Chen Yongyao Xie State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources College of Life SciencesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture GuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding Rice Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510640China Present address:Vector-borne Virus Research Center Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Plant VirologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian 350002China.

In plants,lipid transfer proteins(LTPs)transport pollen wall constituents from the tapetum to the exine,a process essential for pollen wall development.However,the functional cooperation of different LTPs in pollen wall development is not well understood.In this study,we have identified and characterized a grassspecific LTP gene,Os LTP47,an important regulator of pollen wall formation in rice(Oryza sativa).Os LTP47 encodes a membrane-localized LTP and in vitro lipid-binding assays confirms that Os LTP47 has lipidbinding activity.Dysfunction of Os LTP47 causes disordered lipid metabolism and defective pollen walls,leading to male sterility.Yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays reveal that Os LTP47 physically interacts with another LTP,Os C6.These findings suggest that the plasma membrane-localized Os LTP47 may function as a mediator in a lipid transfer relay through association with cytosolic and/or locular Os C6 for pollen wall development and that various LTPs may function in a coordinated manner to transport lipid molecules during pollen wall development.

关键词： Rice Pollen wall Lipid transfer protein Male sterility

A Bunyavirus-Inducible Ubiquitin Ligase Targets RNA Polymerase IV for Degradation during Viral Pathogenesis in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2020年第6期13卷 836-850页

作者： Chao Zhang Ying Wei Le Xu Kang-Cheng Wu Liang Yang Chao-Nan Shi Guo-Yi Yang Dong Chen Fei-Fei Yu Qi Xie Shou-Wei Ding Jian-Guo Wu Vector-borne Virus Research Center Key Laboratory of Plant Virology of Fujian ProvinceInstitute of Plant VirologyCollege of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China center for Plant Biology Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesCollege of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics National Center for Plant Gene ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology and center for Plant Cell Biology Institute for Integrative Genome BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaRiversideCA92521USA

The ubiquitin-proteasome system(UPS)is an important post-translational regulatory mechanism that controls many cellular functions in eukaryotes.Here,we show that stable expression of P3 protein encoded by Rice grassy stunt virus(RGSV),a negative-strand RNA virus in the Bunyavirales,causes developmental abnormities similar to the disease symptoms caused by RGSV,such as dwarfing and excess tillering,in transgenic rice plants.We found that both transgenic expression of P3 and RGSV infection induce ubiquitination and UPS-dependent degradation of rice NUCLEAR RNA POLYMERASE D1a(OsNRPD1a),one of two orthologs of the largest subunit of plant-specific RNA polymerase IV(Pol IV),which is required for RNA-directed DNA methylation(RdDM).Furthermore,we identified a P3-inducible U-box type E3 ubiquitin ligase,designated as P3-inducible protein 1(P3IP1),which interacts with OsNRPD1a and mediates its ubiquitination and UPS-dependent degradation in vitro and in vivo.Notably,both knockdown of OsNRPD1 and overexpression of P3IP1 in rice plants induced developmental phenotypes similar to RGSV disease symptomss.Taken together,our findings reveal a novel virulence mechanism whereby plant pathogens target host RNA Pol IV for UPS-dependent degradation to induce disease symptoms.Our study also identified an E3 ubiquitin ligase,which targets the RdDM compotent NRPD1 for UPS-mediated degradation in rice.

关键词： ubiquitin-proteasome system NRPD1 Rice grassy stunt virus E3 ligase