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Distribution of licensed acupuncturists and educational institutions in the United States in early 2015

Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第1期16卷 1-5页

作者： Arthur Yin Fan Sarah Faggert McLean Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine PLC Vienna VA 22182 USA American Traditional Chinese Medicine Association Vienna VA 22182 USA

In recent decades, acupuncture has been used more widely and extensively in the United States （U.S.）. However, there have been no national surveys or analyses reported in academic journals on the number of practicing or licensed acupuncturists, This study was conducted to identify the approximate number of licensed acupuncturists active in 2015. The Board of Acupuncture or Board of Medicine in each state or U.S. territory was contacted to collect data, Online license information searching was also performed in order to get accurate numbers of licensed acupuncturists for those states in which a board was unable to be contacted. The study found that the number of licensed acupuncturists in 2015 in the U,S, was 34,481. Of this, more than 50% were licensed in three states alone： California （32.39%）, New York （11,89%） and Florida （7.06%）. The number of licensed acupuncturists increased 23.30% and 52.09%, compared to the year 2009 （n = 27,965） and 2004 （n = 22,671）, respectively; increasing about 1,266 per year. There were 62 and 10 accredited acupuncture institutions providing master and doctoral degrees, respectively. The West Coast comprised 51.39% of degree granting programs, while the East Coast comprised 29.17%; together the coastal states housed more than 80% of all programs, with the remainder sprinkled across the southern （9.72%）, northern （8.33%）, and the middle/central states （1.39%）. Forty-four states and the District of Columbia regulated acupuncture practice by law at the time of data collection. Acupuncture continues to be a quickly growing profession in the U.S,

关键词： Acupuncturist Acupuncture educational institution Acupuncture regulation Oriental medicine United States

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Atomic coordination dictates vibrational characteristics and thermal conductivity in amorphous carbon

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 525-531页

作者： Ashutosh Giri Connor J.Dionne Patrick E.Hopkins Department of Mechanical Industrial and Systems EngineeringUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRI02881USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA Department of Physics University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA

We discuss the role of atomic coordination in dictating the vibrational characteristics and thermal conductivity in amorphous *** systematic atomistic simulations on amorphous carbon structures at varying mass densities show the significant role played by the ratio of sp2 to sp3 hybridized bonds in dictating the contributions from propagating(phonon-like)and non-propagating vibrational modes and their influence on the overall thermal conductivities of the ***,our results show that as the concentration of sp3-bonded carbon atoms increases,the thermal conductivity can be increased by four fold,which is attributed to enhanced contributions from propagating modes in these amorphous *** results shed more light into the role of atomic coordination on dictating heat transfer mechanisms in amorphous materials,and also provide a deeper understanding of the ability to tune the thermal conductivity of amorphous carbon structures through the control of the local atomic coordination.

关键词： amorphous conductivity thermal

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TREMble Before TREM2:The Mighty Microglial Receptor Conferring Neuroprotective Properties in TDP-43 Mediated Neurodegeneration

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2023年第1期39卷 163-166页

作者： William A.Mills III Ukpong B.Eyo Brain Immunology and Glia Center University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22903USA Department of Neuroscience University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22903USA Robert M.Berne Cardiovascular Research Center University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22903USA

Microglia were long hailed as solely infammatory cells,and though they are responsible for the brain's immuneresponse,they perform a variety of neuroprotective func-tions including the clearance of cellular and toxic debris^([1]).One toxic molecule known to be cleared by microglia isthe protein aggregate found in Alzheimer's Disease(AD),amyloid-B.

关键词： protective degeneration Alzheimer

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Advances and horizons for artificial intelligence of endoscopic screening and surveillance of gastric and esophageal disease

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Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging 2022年第3期3卷 70-86页

作者： Byung Soo Yoo Kevin V Houston Steve M D'Souza Alsiddig Elmahdi Isaac Davis Ana Vilela Parth J Parekh David A Johnson Department of Internal Medicine Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVA 23507United States Department of Internal Medicine Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineEastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVA 23507United States

The development of artificial intelligence in endoscopic assessment of the gastrointestinal tract has shown progressive enhancement in diagnostic *** review discusses the expanding applications for gastric and esophageal *** gastric section covers the utility of AI in detecting and characterizing gastric polyps and further explores prevention,detection,and classification of gastric *** esophageal discussion highlights applications for use in screening and surveillance in Barrett's esophagus and in high-risk conditions for esophageal squamous cell ***,these discussions highlight applications for use in assessing eosinophilic esophagitis and future potential in assessing esophageal microbiome changes.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Endoscopy Gastric cancer Gastric polyps Barrett’s esophagus Esophageal cancer

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Characterization of multi-scale ionospheric irregularities using ground-based and space-based GNSS observations

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Satellite Navigation 2021年第1期2卷 192-212页

作者： YuXiang Peng Wayne A Scales Michael D Hartinger Zhonghua Xu Shane Coyle Center for Space Science and Engineering Research Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA Space Science Institute BoulderCO 80301USA National Institute of Aerospace HamptonVA 23666USA Center for Space Science and Engineering Research Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA.

Ionospheric irregularities can adversely affect the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). How-ever, this opens the possibility of using GNSS as an effective ionospheric remote sensing tool. Despite ionospheric monitoring has been undertaken for decades, these irregularities in multiple spatial and temporal scales are still not fully understood. This paper reviews Virginia Tech’s recent studies on multi-scale ionospheric irregularities using ground-based and space-based GNSS observations. First, the relevant background of ionospheric irregularities and their impact on GNSS signals is reviewed. Next, three topics of ground-based observations of ionospheric irregulari-ties for which GNSS and other ground-based techniques are used simultaneously are reviewed. Both passive and active measurements in high-latitude regions are covered. Modelling and observations in mid-latitude regions are considered as well. Emphasis is placed on the increased capability of assessing the multi-scale nature of ionospheric irregularities using other traditional techniques (e.g., radar, magnetometer, high frequency receivers) as well as GNSS observations (e.g., Total-Electron-Content or TEC, scintillation). Besides ground-based observations, recent advances in GNSS space-based ionospheric measurements are briefly reviewed. Finally, a new space-based ionospheric observa-tion technique using GNSS-based spacecraft formation flying and a differential TEC method is demonstrated using the newly developed Virginia Tech Formation Flying Testbed (VTFFTB). Based on multi-constellation multi-band GNSS, the VTFFTB has been developed into a hardware-in-the-loop simulation testbed with external high-fidelity global ionospheric model(s) for 3-satellite formation flying, which can potentially be used for new multi-scale ionospheric measurement mission design.

关键词： GNSS Ionospheric irregularities Remote sensing Active experiment Spacecraft formation flying

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Heat shock protein 90 inhibition by 17-DMAG lessens disease in the MRL/Ipr mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第3期9卷 255-266页

作者： Samuel K Shimp III Cristen B Chafin Nicole L Regna Sarah E Hammond Molly A Read David L Caudell Marissa Nichole Rylander Christopher M Reilly Virginia Tech-Wake Forest School of Biomedical Engineering and Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA USA Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine Blacksburg VA USA Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine Blacksburg VA USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechinc Institue and State University Blacksburg VA USA

Elevated expression of heat shock protein 90 （HSP90） has been found in kidneys and serum of systemic lupus erythematosus （SLE） patients and MRLIMp-FasIprIFasJpr（MRLIIpr） autoimmune mice. We investigated if inhibition of HSP90 would reduce disease in MRL/ Ipr mice. In vitro, pretreatment of mesangial cells with HSP90 inhibitor Geldanamycin prior to immune-stimulation showed reduced expression of IL-6, IL-12 and NO. In vivo, we found HSP90 expression was elevated in MRL/Ipr kidneys when compared to C57BL/6 mice and MRIJIpr mice treated with HSP90 inhibitor 17-DMAG. MRIJIpr mice treated with 17-DMAG showed decreased proteinuria and reduced serum anti-dsDNA antibody production. Glomerulonephritis and glomerular IgG and C3 were not significantly affected by administration of 17-DMAG in MRIJIpr. 17-DMAG increased CD8＋ T cells, reduced double-negative T cells, decreased the CD4/CD8 ratio and reduced follicular B cells. These studies suggest that HSP90 may play a role in regulating T-cell differentiation and activation and that HSP90 inhibition may reduce inflammation in lupus.

关键词： Geldanamycin heat shock protein 90 MRUIpr systemic lupus erythematosus 17-DMAG

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The relationship between chimeric RNAs and gene fusions:Potential implications of reciprocity in cancer

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2020年第7期47卷 341-348页

作者： Justin Elfman Lam-Phong Pham Hui Li Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904 USA Department of Pathology School of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904 USA

Gene fusions have long been considered hallmarks of *** into characterization of their prevalence,cause,and function have provided significant progress toward improvements in diagnosis,prognosis assessment,and treatment of numerous *** recently,detection of intergenically spliced chimeric RNAs in cancer has spurred efforts to characterize these transcripts,anticipating similar successes in translation to the *** of chimeric RNAs in normal cells,especially those which precede canonical translocations such as PAX3-F0X01 and JAZF1-JJAZ1,suggests that these physiologically regulated transcripts may function as proto-oncogenic factors,in that their dysregulation can lead to cancer *** findings have given rise to conjecture regarding chimeric RNAguided rearrangements giving rise to fusion genes,termed the cart-before-the-horse ***,we provide context for the relationship between gene fusions,chimeric RNAs,and cancer;assemble evidence in support of the cart-before-the-horse hypothesis;and discuss potential advantages of targeting chimeric RNAs in cancer treatment.

关键词： cancer diagnosis horse

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Developing crop specific area frame stratifications based on geospatial crop frequency and cultivation data layers

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 312-323页

作者： Claire G. Boryan Zhengwei Yang Patrick Willis Liping Di Research and Development Division USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service VA 22030 USA Center for Spatial Information Science and Systems George Mason University VA 22030 USA

Area Sampling Frames （ASFs） are the basis of many statistical programs around the world. To improve the accuracy, objectivity and efficiency of crop survey estimates, an automated stratification method based on geospatial crop planting frequency and cultivation data is proposed. This paper investigates using 2008-2013 geospatial corn, soybean and wheat planting frequency data layers to create three corresponding single crop specific and one multi-crop specific South Dakota （SD） U.S. ASF stratifications. Corn, soybeans and wheat are three major crops in South Dakota. The crop specific ASF stratifications are developed based on crop frequency statistics derived at the primary sampling unit （PSU） level based on the Crop Frequency Data Layers. The SD corn, soybean and wheat mean planting frequency strata of the single crop stratifications are substratified by percent cultivation based on the 2013 Cultivation Layer. The three newly derived ASF stratifications provide more crop specific information when compared to the current National Agricultural Statistics Service （NASS） ASF based on percent cultivation alone. Further, a multi-crop stratification is developed based on the individual corn, soybean and wheat planting frequency data layers. It is observed that all four crop frequency based ASF stratifications consistently predict corn, soybean and wheat planting patterns well as verified by the 2014 Farm Service Agency （FSA） Common Land Unit （CLU） and 578 administrative data. This demonstrates that the new stratifications based on crop planting frequency and cultivation are crop type independent and applicable to all major crops. Further, these results indicate that the new crop specific ASF stratifications have great potential to improve ASF accuracy, efficiency and crop estimates.

关键词： cropland data layer crop planting frequency data layers automated stratification crop specific stratification multi-crop stratification

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Co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) superatoms as tunable chemical dopants for two-dimensional semiconductors

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 373-378页

作者： Arthur C.Reber Shiv N.Khanna Department of Physics Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23284USA

Electronic,optoelectronic,and other functionalities of semiconductors are controlled by the nature and density of carriers,and the location of the Fermi *** strategies to tune these parameters holds the key to precise control over semiconductors *** propose that ligand exchange on superatoms can offer a systematic strategy to vary these *** demonstrate this by considering a WSe_(2) surface doped with ligated metal chalcogenide Co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) *** superatoms are characterized by valence quantum states that can readily donate multiple *** find that the WSe_(2) support binds more strongly to the Co_(6)Se_(8) cluster than the PEt3 ligand,so ligand exchange between the phosphine ligand and the WSe_(2) support is energetically *** metal chalcogenide superatoms serves as a donor that may transform the WSe_(2) p-type film into an ntype *** theoretical findings complement recent experiments where WSe_(2) films with supported Co_(6)Se_(8)(PEt_(3))_(6) are indeed found to undergo a change in behavior from p-to *** further show that by replacing the PEt3 ligands by CO ligands,one can control the electronic character of the surface and deposited species.

关键词： properties. semiconductors holds

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Ground control monitoring of retreat room–and–pillar mine in Central Appalachia

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 65-69页

作者： Erik C.Westman Ryan J.Molka William J.Conrad Mining and Minerals Engineering Department Virginia TechBlacksburgVA 24061USA

In order to study pillar and overburden response to retreat mining, a ground control program was conducted at a Central Appalachian Mine. The program consisted of several monitoring methods including a seismic monitoring system, borehole pressure cells in the pillars, and time-lapse photogrammetry of the pillar ribs. Two parallel geophone arrays were installed, one on each side of the panel with the sensors mounted 3 m into the roof. A total of fourteen geophones recorded more than 5000 events during the panel retreat. A MIDAS datalogger was used to record pressure from borehole pressure cells(BPCs)located in two adjacent pillars that were not mined during retreat. A series of photographs were taken of the pillars that had the BPCs as the face approached so that deformation of the entire rib could be monitored using photogrammetry. Results showed that pillar stability and cave development were as expected. The BPCs showed an increase in loading when the face was 115 m inby and a clear onset of the forward abutment at 30 m. The photogrammetry results displayed pillar deformation corresponding to the increased loading. The microseismic monitoring results showed the overburden caving inby the face, again as expected. The significance of these results lies in two points,(1) we can quantify the safe manner in which this mine is conducting retreating operations, and(2) we can use volumetric technologies(photogrammetry and microseismic) to monitor entire volumes of the mine in addition to the traditional point-location geotechnical measurements(BPCs).

关键词： Retreat mining Stress measurement Microseismic monitoring Pillar stability

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