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Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias Gilmar M.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva Robert G.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera Grégore i.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva Graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MvPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MvPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MvPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MvPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions werevalence of≥60 min of MvPA≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%Ci)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%Ci:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MvPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： Global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey inequality Surv.i.lance Youth

Bone morphogenetic protein signaling：a promising target for white matter protection in perinatal brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1183-1184页

作者： Jill Chang Robert W.Dettman Maria L.v.Dizon Department of Pediatrics Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL USA Stanley Manne Research institute Chicago IL USA

Prematurely born newborns,as well as those born at term,may suffer from several types of brain injury including hypoxic-ischemic injury,intracranial hemorrhage,both intraventricular and parenchymal,and injury that is the consequence of intrauterine growth restriction（iUGR）.injury of all types can impact the motor and cognitive abilities of *** mechanisms leading to disability are not completely understood.

关键词： in Bone morphogenetic protein signaling:a promising target for white matter protection in perinatal brain injury

Direct laser writing of volumetric gradient index lenses and waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 89-102页

作者： Christian R.Ocier Corey A.Richards Daniel A.Bacon-Brown Qing Ding Raman Kumar Tanner J.Garcia Jorik van de Groep Jung-Hwan Song Austin J.Cyphersmith Andrew Rhode Andrea N.Perry Alexander J.Littlefield Jinlong Zhu Dajie Xie Haibo Gao Jonah F.Messinger Mark L.Brongersma Kimani C.Toussaint Jr Lynford L.Goddard Paul v.Braun Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Beckman institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA Carl R.Woese institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaILUSA

Direct laser writing(DLW)has been shown to render 3D polymeric optical components,including lenses,beam expanders,and mirrors,with submicrometer ***,these printed structures are limited to the refractive index and dispersive properties of the ***,we present the subsurface controllable refractive index via beam exposure(SCRiBE)method,a lithographic approach that enables the tuning of the refractive index over a range of greater than 0.3 by performing DLW inside photoresist-filled nanoporous silicon and silica *** the laser exposure during printing enables 3D submicron control of the polymer infilling and thus the refractive index and chromatic *** SCRiBE’s unprecedented index range and 3D writing accuracy has realized the world’s smallest(15μm diameter)spherical Luneburg lens operating at visible ***’s ability to tune the chromatic dispersion alongside the refractive index was leveraged to render achromatic doublets in a single printing step,eliminating the need for multiple photoresins and writing *** also has the potential to form multicomponent optics by cascading optical elements within a *** a demonstration,stacked focusing structures that generate photonic nanojets were fabricated inside porous ***,an all-pass ring resonator was coupled to a subsurface 3D *** measured quality factor of 4600 at 1550 nm suggests the possibility of compact photonic systems with optical interconnects that traverse multiple *** is uniquely suited for constructing such photonic integrated circuits due to its ability to integrate multiple optical components,including lenses and waveguides,without additional printed supports.

关键词： index refractive render

Dynamics of dead wood decay in Swiss forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 462-477页

作者： Oleksandra Hararuk Werner A.Kurz Markus Didion Department of Biology University of Central Florida4110 Libra DrOrlandoFL32816USA pacific Forestry Centre 506 Burnside Road WestVictoriaBritish ColumbiaV8Z 1M5Canada Swiss Federal Research institute WSL Zürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland

Background: Forests are an important component of the global carbon(C) cycle and can be net sources or sinks of CO2, thus mitigating or exacerbating the effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. While forest productivity is often inferred from national-scale yield tables or from satellite products, forest C emissions resulting from dead organic matter decay are usually simulated, therefore it is important to ensure the accuracy and reliability of a model used to simulate organic matter decay at an appropriate scale. National Forest inventories(NFis) provide a record of carbon pools in ecosystem components, and these measurements are essential for evaluating rates and controls of C dynamics in forest ecosystems. in this study we combine the observations from the Swiss NFis and machine learning techniques to quantify the decay rates of the standing snags and downed logs and identify the main controls of dead wood ***: We found that wood decay rate was affected by tree species, temperature, and precipitation. Dead wood originating from Fagus sylvatica decayed the fastest, with the residence times ranging from 27 to 54 years at the warmest and coldest Swiss sites, respectively. Hardwoods at wetter sites tended to decompose faster compared to hardwoods at drier sites, with residence times 45–92 and 62–95 years for the wetter and drier sites, *** wood originating from softwood species had the longest residence times ranging from 58 to 191 years at wetter sites and from 78 to 286 years at drier ***: This study illustrates how long-term dead wood observations collected and remeasured during several NFi campaigns can be used to estimate dead wood decay parameters, as well as gain understanding about controls of dead wood dynamics. The wood decay parameters quantified in this study can be used in carbon budget models to simulate the decay dynamics of dead wood, however more measurements(e.g. of soil C dynamics at the same plots)

关键词： Carbon residence time Carbon dynamics National Forest inventory

Water Responsive Fabrics with Artificial Leaf Stomata

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第3期5卷 1076-1087页

作者： Lihong Lao Hedan Bai Jintu Fan Department of Fiber Science&Apparel Design Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Present Address:Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Present Address:Querrey Simpson institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA School of Fashion and Textiles Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina

Due to fiber swelling,textile fabrics containing hygroscopic fibers tend to decrease pore size under wet or increasing humid-ity and moisture conditions,the reverse being ***,for personal thermal regulation and comfort,the opposite is desirable,namely,increasing the fabric pore size under increasing humid and sweating conditions for enhanced ventila-tion and cooling,and a decreased pore size under cold and dry conditions for heat *** paper describes a novel approach to create such an unconventional fabric by emulating the structure of the plant leaf stomata by designing a water responsive polymer system in which the fabric pores increase in size when wet and decrease in size when *** new fabric increases its moisture permeability over 50%under wet *** a water responsive fabric can find various applications including smart functional clothing and sportswear.

关键词： Breathable fabric Fabric pores Hydrogel Leaf stomata Water responsive

Agent-Based Simulation for interconnection-Scale Renewable integration and Demand Response Studies

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Engineering 2015年第4期1卷 422-435页

作者： David P.Chassin Sahand Behboodi Curran Crawford Ned Djilali Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria institute for integrated Energy Systems University of Victoria pacific Northwest National Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria Victoria BC V8W 2Y2 Canada Renewable Energy Research Group King Abdulaziz University

This paper collects and synthesizes the technical requirements, implementation, and validation methods for quasi-steady agent-based simulations of interconnectionscale models with particular attention to the integration of renewable generation and controllable loads. Approaches for modeling aggregated controllable loads are presented and placed in the same control and economic modeling framework as generation resources for interconnection planning studies. Model performance is examined with system parameters that are typical for an interconnection approximately the size of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council(WECC) and a control area about 1/100 the size of the system. These results are used to demonstrate and validate the methods presented.

关键词：可再生能源发电需求响应集成互连代理验证方法可控负载建模框架

Effects of Xiaoyao San on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in rat depression model

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第1期16卷 132-142页

作者： Weidi Zhao Cui Ji Jie Zheng Shi Zhou Junsheng Tian Yumei Han Xuemei Qin School of Physical Education Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China institute of Biomedicine and Health Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Physical Activity Sport and Exercise Research ThemeFaculty of HealthSouthern Cross UniversityLismore NSW2480Australia Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China School of Health Yantai Nanshan UniversityYantai 265706China

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Xiaoyao San(XYS), a herbal medicine formula, on exercise capacity and liver mitochondrial metabolomics in a rat model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).Methods: A total of 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group(C), CUMS control group(M), venlafaxine positive treatment group(v), and XYS treatment group(X). Depressive behaviour and exercise capacity of rats were assessed by body weight, sugar-water preference test, open field test, pole test, and rotarod test. The liver mitochondria metabolomics were analyzed by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) method. TCMSP database and Gene Cards database were used to screen XYS for potential targets for depression, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were ***: Compared with C group, rats in M group showed significantly lower body weight, sugar water preference rate, number of crossing and rearing in the open field test, climbing down time in the pole test,and retention time on the rotarod test(P ve behaviors and exercise capacity indices were significantly modulated in rats in v and X groups compared with M group(P ith C group, a total of 18 different metabolites were changed in the liver mitochondria of rats in M *** different metabolites and six metabolic pathways were regulated in the liver mitochondria of rats in X group compared with M group. The results of network pharmacology showed that 88 intersecting targets for depression and XYS were obtained, among which 15 key targets such as il-1β, il-6, and TNF were predicted to be the main differential targets for the treatment of depression. Additionally, a total of 1 553 GO signaling pathways and 181 KEGG signaling pathways were identified, and the main biological pathways were AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, HiF-1 signaling pathway, and calcium signaling ***

关键词： depression exercise capacity liver mitochondrial metabolomics Xiaoyao San

Pt_(1)/Ni_(6)Co_(1)layered double hydroxides/N-doped graphene for electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensing by synergistic enhancement of single atoms and doping

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 318-324页

作者： Baojun Long Peiyu Cao Yuanmeng Zhao Qianqian Fu Yan Mo Yueming Zhai Juejing Liu Xingyi Lyu Tao Li Xiaofeng Guo Changsheng Shan Minghua Zeng Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilin 541004China The institute for Advanced Studies(iAS) Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Material Science and Engineering Program Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Department of Chemistry and Alexandra Navrotsky institute for Experimental Thermodynamics Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA X-ray Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIL 60439USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA

The development of novel single-atom catalysts is important for highly efficient electrochemical catalysis and *** this work,a novel Pt single atoms(SAs)supported on Ni_(6)Co_(1)layered double hydroxides/nitrogen-doped graphene(Pt_(1)/Ni_(6)Co_(1)LDHs/NG)was constructed for electrochemical enzyme-free catalysis and sensing towards *** loading of Pt single atoms increases with doping of Co atoms that generate more anchoring sites for Pt *** resulting Pt_(1)/Ni_(6)Co_(1)LDHs/NG exhibits low oxidative potential of 0.440 v with high sensitivity of 273.78μA·mM^(−1)·cm^(−2)toward glucose,which are 85 mv lower and 15 times higher than those of Ni(OH)_(2),***_(1)/Ni_(6)Co_(1)LDHs/NG also shows excellent selectivity and great stability during 5-week *** and experimental results show that the boosted performance of Pt_(1)/Ni_(6)Co_(1)LDHs/NG originates from its stronger binding energy with glucose and the synergistic effect of Pt SAs,Co doping,and *** work provides a general strategy of designing highly active SACs for extending their application in electrochemical sensing.

关键词： single-atom catalysts electrochemical sensor layered double hydroxides nitrogen-doped graphene synergistic effect

Unv.i.ing the parasitic-reaction-driven surface reconstruction in Ni-rich cathode and the electrochemical role of Li_(2)CO_(3)

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 126-136,I0006页

作者： Jiyu Cai Zhenzhen Yang Xinwei Zhou Bingning Wang Ana Suzana Jianming Bai Chen Liao Yuzi Liu Yanbin Chen Shunlin Song Xuequan Zhang Li Wang Xiangming He Xiangbo Meng Niloofar Karami Baasit Ali Shaik Sulaiman Natasha A.Chernova Shailesh Upreti Brad Prevel Feng Wang Zonghai Chen Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory9700 South Cass AvenueLemontIL 60439USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory9700 South Cass AvenueLemontIL 60439USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Energy and Photon Sciences Directorate Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNY 11973USA Beijing Easprint Material Technology Co.Ltd. Beijing 100160China institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Charge CCCv(C4v) 45 Murray Hill RoadCenter of ExcellenceBinghamton UniversityVestalNY 13850USA Primet Precision Materials 950 Danby RoadIthacaNY 14850USA Applied Materials Division Argonne National Labo

Nickel-rich transition-metal oxides are widely regarded as promising cathode materials for high-energydensity lithium-ion batteries for emerging electric vehicles. However, achieving high energy density in Ni-rich cathodes is accompanied by substantial safety and cycle-life obstacles. The major issues of Ni-rich cathodes at high working potentials are originated from the unstable cathode-electrolyte interface, while the underlying mechanism of parasitic reactions towards surface reconstructions of cathode materials is not well understood. in this work, we controlled the Li_(2)CO_(3) impurity content on LiNi_(0.83)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.07)O_(2) cathodes using air, tank-air, and O_(2) synthesis environments. Home-built high-precision leakage current and on-line electrochemical mass spectroscopy experiments verify that Li_(2)CO_(3) impurity is a significant promoter of parasitic reactions on Ni-rich cathodes. The rate of parasitic reactions is strongly correlated to Li_(2)CO_(3) content and severe performance deterioration of Ni83 *** post-mortem characterizations via high-resolution transition electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiles reveal that parasitic reactions promote more Ni reduction and O deficiency and even rock-salt phase transformation at the surface of cathode materials. Our observation suggests that surface reconstructions have a strong affiliation to parasitic reactions that create chemically acidic environment to etch away the lattice oxygen and offer the electrical charge to reduce the valence state of transition metal. Thus, this study advances our understanding on surface reconstructions of Nirich cathodes and prepares us for searching for rational strategies.

关键词： Ni-rich cathodes Surface reconstructions Phase transformation Parasitic reactions Li_(2)CO_(3)