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Real-time three-dimensional myocardial contrast echocardiography in assessment of myocardial perfusion defects

Chinese Medical Journal 2004年第3期117卷 337-341页

作者：陈立新王新房 Navin C anda Andrew P Miller 谢明星庄磊杨娅王静黄润青杨颖费洪文王良玉 Department of Echocardiography Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Division of Cardiovascular Disease University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham

Background Both real-time three-dimensional echocardi ography (RT3DE) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) are novel imaging techniques. The purpose of this study was to confirm the feasibility and accuracy of RT3DE combined with MCE for quantitative evaluation of myocardial perfusion defects. Methods Thirteen dogs underwent ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD, n=6) or distal branch of the left circumflex artery (LCX, n=7) under general anaesthesia. Three to four ml of a perfluoropropane (C 3F 8) microbubble contrast agent was injected intravenously to assess the resulting myocardial perfusion defects with a commercially available Philips SONOS-7500 ultrasound system. After removal of the dog hearts, Evans blue dye was injected via the left and righ t coronary arteries to stain the myocardium at risk. In vitro anatomic measurements of myocardial mass after removal of the animals’ hearts were used as control s. Results Left ventricular (LV) mass determined by RT3DE ranged 36.7-68.9 g [mean, (54.6±9.6) g] before coronary artery ligation, and correlated highly (r=0.99) with in vitro measurement of LV mass [range, 38.9-71.1 g; mean, (55.6±9.3) g]. There was no significant difference between RT3DE and in vitro measurements of LV mass [range, 36.7-68.9 g; mean, (51.3±12.5) g. Or range, 38.9-71. 1 g; mean, (53.7±12.3) g, respectively] and under-perfused mass [range, 0-21.4 g; mean, (12.0±6.9) g. Or range, 0-19.8 g; mean, (10.8±6.3) g, respectively] after th e LAD ligation (P>0.05). Likewise, no significant difference was present between RT3DE and in vitro measurements of LV mass [range, 50.1-65.4 g; mean, (57.5±5.9 ) g. Or range, 51.5-65.8 g; mean, (57.3±6.4) g, respectively] and under-perfused m ass [range, 0-25.6 g; mean, (13.3±9.6) g. Or range, 0-22.7 g; mean, (12.8±8.1 ) g, respectively] after the LCX ligation (P>0.05). For all the animals with coronary ligation, LV mass measured by RT3DE ranged 35.9-68.6 g [mean, (54.8±10.0) g] a n

关键词： real-time three-dimensional echocardiography myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion defects myocardial infarction

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Acquired cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator dysfunction

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2018年第3期4卷 193-199页

作者： Catherine Banks Laura Freeman Do Yeon Cho Bradford A.Woodworth Department of Otolaryngology Head&Neck Surgery University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA

Sinonasal respiratory epithelium is a highly regulated barrier that employs mucociliary clearance(MCC)as the airways first line of *** biological properties of the airway surface liquid(ASL),combined with coordinated ciliary beating,are critical components of the mucociliary *** ASL volume and viscosity is modulated,in part,by the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator(CFTR).The CFTR is an anion transporter of chloride(Cl-)and bicarbonate(HCO 3-)that is located on the apical surface of respiratory epithelium and exocrine glandular *** understanding of how dysfunction or deficiency of CFTR influences the disease process in both genetically defined cystic fibrosis(CF)and acquired conditions has provided further insight into potential avenues of *** review discusses the latest data regarding acquired CFTR deficiency and use of CFTR specific treatment strategies for CRS and other chronic airway diseases.

关键词： CFTR Cystic fibrosis CFTR deficiency CFTR dysfunction Chronic sinusitis Chronic rhinosinusitis Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Tobacco Hypoxia Resveratrol L-ascorbate

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Glial derived neurotrophic factor: a sufficient essential molecular regulator of mammalian blood-nerve barrier tight junction formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1417-1418页

作者： Chaoling Dong Aarti Choudhary Eroboghene E.Ubogu Neuromuscular Immunopathology Research Laboratory Division of Neuromuscular DiseaseDepartment of NeurologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA

Peripheral nerves coordinate signal transduction from the periphery to the central nervous system for processing and transmission back as required for normal mammalian *** nerves and nerve roots are structurally divided into three compartments:the outermost epineurium,inner perineurium that surrounds nerve fascicles and the innermost endoneurium(Mizisin and Weerasuriya,2011).

关键词： function. barrier coordinate

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Perfect subspaces of quadratic laminations Dedicated to the Memory of Lei Tan

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Science China Mathematics 2018年第12期61卷 2121-2138页

作者： Alexander Blokh Lex Oversteegen Vladlen Timorin Department of Mathematics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Faculty of Mathematics National Research University Higher School of EconomicsMoscow 119048Russia

The combinatorial Mandelbrot set is a continuum in the plane, whose boundary is defined as the quotient space of the unit circle by an explicit equivalence relation. This equivalence relation was described by Douady(1984) and, separately, by Thurston(1985) who used quadratic invariant geolaminations as a major tool. We showed earlier that the combinatorial Mandelbrot set can be interpreted as a quotient of the space of all limit quadratic invariant geolaminations with the Hausdorff distance topology. In this paper, we describe two similar quotients. In the first case, the identifications are the same but the space is smaller than that used for the Mandelbrot set. The resulting quotient space is obtained from the Mandelbrot set by "unpinching" the transitions between adjacent hyperbolic components. In the second case we identify renormalizable geolaminations that can be "unrenormalized" to the same hyperbolic geolamination while no two non-renormalizable geolaminations are identified.

关键词： complex dynamics laminations Mandelbrot set Julia set

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A minimally invasive midface suspension

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2020年第3期7卷 11-16页

作者： Jorge I.de la Torre John Lindsey Jr. Dean Cerio Luis O.Vasconez Division of Plastic Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham V.A.Medical Center BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

Aim:With the normal aging process,the malar fat pad descends vertically,causing a number of characteristic changes to the *** techniques have been used to correct ptosis of the malar fat ***:The authors describe a technique that is minimally invasive and can be used to correct malar fat pad *** technique uses a suspension suture to elevate the malar fat pad to a more youthful *** technique has been successfully used in 71 ***:All of the cases were performed in the office setting under local *** were no complications,and,by patient self-report and physician exam,results have been lasting and ***:The minimally invasive midface suspension is a safe and successful approach to midface rejuvenation in properly selected patients.

关键词： Midface rejuvenation midface suspension malar fat pad facial rejuvenation

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Targeting Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I to enhance toxicity of phosphodiester linked DNA-adducts

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2019年第4期2卷 1153-1163页

作者： Evan J.Brettrager Robert C.A.M.van Waardenburg Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294-0019USA

Our genomic DNA is under constant assault from endogenous and exogenous sources,which needs to be resolved to maintain cellular *** eukaryotic DNA repair enzyme Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase I(Tdp1)catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds that covalently link adducts to ***1 utilizes two catalytic histidines to resolve a growing list of *** DNA-adducts can be divided into two groups:small adducts,including oxidized nucleotides,RNA,and non-canonical nucleoside analogs,and large adducts,such as(drug-stabilized)topoisomerase-DNA covalent complexes or failed Schiff base reactions as occur between PARP1 and *** Tdp1 substrates are generated by chemotherapeutics linking Tdp1 to cancer drug resistance,making a compelling argument to develop small molecules that target Tdp1 as potential novel therapeutic ***1’s unique catalytic cycle,which is centered on the formation of Tdp1-DNA covalent reaction intermediate,allows for two principally different targeting strategies:(1)catalytic inhibition of Tdp1 catalysis to prevent Tdp1-mediated repair of DNA-adducts that enhances the effectivity of chemotherapeutics;and(2)poisoning of Tdp1 by stabilization of the Tdp1-DNA covalent reaction intermediate,which would increase the half-life of a potentially toxic DNA-adduct by preventing its resolution,analogous to topoisomerase targeted poisons such as topotecan or *** catalytic Tdp1 mutant that forms the molecular basis of the autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy best illustrates this concept;however,no small molecules have been reported for this ***,we concisely discuss the development of Tdp1 catalytic inhibitors and their results.

关键词： Tdp1 small molecules DNA topoisomerases Camptothecins oxidative DNA damage DNA adducts Etoposide chain terminating nucleotides/nucleoside analogs DNA metabolism drug development

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Development of gemcitabine-resistant patient-derived xenograft models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 572-585页

作者： Aubrey L.Miller Patrick L.Garcia Tracy L.Gamblin Rebecca B.Vance Karina J.Yoon Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294 USA.

Aim:Gemcitabine is a frontline agent for locally-advanced and metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC),but neither gemcitabine alone nor in combination produces durable remissions of this tumor *** developed three PDAC patient-derived xenograft(PDX)models with gemcitabine resistance(gemR)acquired in vivo,with which to identify mechanisms of resistance relevant to drug exposure in vivo and to evaluate novel ***:Mice bearing independently-derived PDXs received 100 mg/kg gemcitabine once or twice *** initially responded,but regrew on treatment and were designated *** used immunohistochemistry to compare expression of proteins previously associated with gemcitabine resistance[ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1(RRM1),RRM2,human concentrative nucleoside transporter 1(hCNT1),human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1(hENT1),cytidine deaminase(CDA),and deoxycytidine kinase(dCK)]in gemR and respective gemcitabine-naïve parental ***:Parental and gemR tumors did not differ in tumor cell morphology,amount of tumor-associated stroma,or expression of stem cell *** consistent pattern of expression of the six gemR marker proteins was observed among the *** in RRM1 and CDA were consistent with in vitro-derived gemR ***,rather than the expected decreases of hCNT1,hENT1,and dCK,gemR tumors expressed no change in or higher levels of these gemR marker proteins than parental ***:These models are the first PDAC PDX models with gemcitabine resistance acquired in *** data indicate that mechanisms identified in models with resistance acquired in vitro are unlikely to be the predominant mechanisms when resistance is acquired in *** work focuses on characterizing unidentified mechanisms of gemR and on identifying agents with anti-tumor efficacy in these gemR models。

关键词： Gemcitabine resistance patient-derived xenograft ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 human concentrative nucleoside transporter 1 human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 cytidine deaminase deoxycytidine kinase

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Optimal Allocation of Replicates for Measurement Evaluation Studies

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2006年第3期4卷 196-202页

作者： Stanislav O. Zakharkin Kyoungmi Kim Alfred A. Bartolucci Grier P. Page David B. Allison Department of Biostatistics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294-0022 USA Division of Biostatistics School of Medicine University of California Davis CA 95616-8638 USA Department of Biostatistics University of Alabama at BirminghamBirmingham AL 35294-0022 USA Clinical Nutrition Research Center Department of Nutrition Sciences University of Alabama at Birmingham Birm- ingham AL 35294-3361 USA.

Optimal experimental design is important for the efficient use of modern highthroughput technologies such as microarrays and proteomics. Multiple factors including the reliability of measurement system, which itself must be estimated from prior experimental work, could influence design decisions. In this study, we describe how the optimal number of replicate measures （technical replicates） for each biological sample （biological replicate） can be determined. Different allocations of biological and technical replicates were evaluated by minimizing the variance of the ratio of technical variance （measurement error） to the total variance （sum of sampling error and measurement error）. We demonstrate that if the number of biological replicates and the number of technical replicates per biological sample are variable, while the total number of available measures is fixed, then the optimal allocation of replicates for measurement evaluation experiments requires two technical replicates for each biological replicate. Therefore, it is recommended to use two technical replicates for each biological replicate if the goal is to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements.

关键词： experimental design measurement microarrays proteomics

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Polymer-virus core-shell structures prepared via co-assembly and template synthesis methods

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第1期53卷 71-77页

作者： SUTHIWANGCHAROEN Nisaraporn PREVELIGE Peter E.Jr Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Nanocenter University of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth Carolina 29208USA Department of Microbiology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

Bionanoparticles(BNPs),consisting of virus and virus-like assemblies,have attracted much attention in the biomedical field for their applications such as imaging and targeted drug delivery,owing to their well-defined structures and well-controlled ***-based core-shell structures provide a unique system for the investigation of biological interactions such as protein-protein and protein-carbohydrate ***,it is still a challenge to prepare the BNPs-based core-shell ***,we describe(i) co-assembly method and(ii) template synthesis method in the development of polymer-BNPs core-shell *** two methods can be divided into three different *** system A,different polymers including poly(2-vinylpyridine)(P2VP),poly(4-vinylpyridine)(P4VP) and poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly(2-vinylpyridine)(PCL-b-P2VP) can form a raspberry-like structure with *** system B,polystyrene(PS) spheres end capped with free amine and BNPs can form a core-shell *** System C,layer-by-layer(LBL) method is used to prepare positive charged PS particles,which can be used as a template to form the core-shell structures with *** two methods may open a new way for preparing novel protein-based functional materials for potential applications in the biomedical field.

关键词： core-shell structures bionanoparticles virus polymers co-assembly template synthesis layer-by-layer

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Redox therapeutics in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第1期6卷 1-8页

作者： Rakesh P Patel John D Lang Alvin B Smith Jack H Crawford Department of Pathology Center for Free Radical Biology University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine University of Washington School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology University of Alabama Birmingham Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Department of Anesthesiology University of Alabama Birmingham

Ischemia-reperfusion plays a major role in the injury experienced by the liver during transplantation. Much work has been done recently investigating the role of redox species in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion. As animal models are better characterized and developed, and more insights are gained into the pathophysiology of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in humans the questions into exactly how oxidants participate in this injury are becoming more refined. These questions include effects of cellular location, timing of injury, and ability of therapeutics to access this site are increasing our appreciation of the complexity of ischemia reperfusion and improving attempts to ameliorate its effects. In this review, we aim to discuss the various methods to alter redox chemistry during ischemia reperfusion injury and future prospects for preventing organ injury during hepatic ischemia reperfusion.

关键词： Ischemia Reperfusion Pre-conditioning Nitrite

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