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Severe aspiration pneumonia in the elderly

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 307-317页

作者： Sebastian Ocrospoma Marcos I.Restrepo Division of Pulmonary Diseases&Critical Care Medicine University of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA Section of Pulmonary&Critical Care Medicine South Texas Veterans Health Care SystemSan AntonioTXUSA

The global population is aging at an unprecedented rate,resulting in a growing and vulnerable elderly population in need of efficient comprehensive healthcare services that include long-term care and skilled nursing *** this context,severe aspiration pneumonia,a condition that carries substantial morbidity,mortality,and financial burden,especially among elderly patients requiring admission to the intensive care unit,has attracted greater *** pneumonia is defined as a pulmonary infection related to aspiration or dysphagia in *** episodes of coughing on food or liquid intake,a history of relevant underlying conditions,abnormalities on videofluoroscopy or water swallowing,and gravity-dependent shadow distribution on chest imaging are among the clues that suggest *** with aspiration pneumonia tend to be elderly,frail,and suffering from more comorbidities than those without this ***,we comprehensively address the epidemiology,clinical characteristics,diagnosis,treatment,prevention,and prognosis of severe aspiration community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly to optimize care of this high-risk demographic,enhance outcomes,and minimize the healthcare costs associated with this *** preventive measures and effective management strategies is vital in ensuring the well-being of our aging population.

关键词： Aspiration pneumonia Aged Critical illness Swallowing disorders Frailty Antibacterial agents

Predicting the Mechanical Behavior of a Bioinspired Nanocomposite through Machine Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1299-1313页

作者： Xingzi Yang Wei Gao Xiaodu Wang Xiaowei Zeng Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX77843USA

The bioinspired nacre or bone structure represents a remarkable example of tough,strong,lightweight,and multifunctional structures in biological materials that can be an inspiration to design bioinspired high-performance *** bioinspired structure consists of hard grains and soft material *** the material interface has a very low volume percentage,its property has the ability to determine the bulk material *** learning technology nowadays is widely used in material science.A machine learning model was utilized to predict the material response based on the material interface properties in a bioinspired *** model was trained on a comprehensive dataset of material response and interface properties,allowing it to make accurate *** results of this study demonstrate the efficiency and high accuracy of the machine learning *** successful application of machine learning into the material property prediction process has the potential to greatly enhance both the efficiency and accuracy of the material design process.

关键词： Bioinspired nanocomposite computational model machine learning finite element material interface

Tricuspid mass-curious case of Li-Fraumeni syndrome: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第11期12卷 1936-1939页

作者： Tyler Huffaker Stella Pak Anum Asif Prince Otchere Department of Cardiology University of Texas Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78701United States Department of Neurology Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BACKGROUND Li-Fraumeni syndrome(LFS)is a rare autosomal dominant cancer-predisposing syndrome,which can manifest as a polymorphic spectrum of *** is associated with an early onset in life,with the majority of cases occurring prior to the age of *** the infrequency of primary cardiac tumors,it behooves clinicians to remain vigilant in considering the differential diagnosis of such tumors in LFS patients who present with a cardiac *** is due to the markedly elevated risk for malignancy in this particular population,far surpassing that of the general *** SUMMARY Herein,we present a case of a 30-year-old female with LFS who was found to have a tricuspid valve leaflet *** This case exemplifies valuable learning points in the diagnostic approach for this exceptionally rare patient population.

关键词： Li-Fraumeni syndrome Cardiac mass Intracardiac thrombus Transesophageal echocardiogram Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging Case report

Barosinusitis due to routine weather changes:A cross-sectional analysis of public websites

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 18-23页

作者： James C.Campbell Julia E.Canick Philip G.Chen Ralph Abi Hachem David W.Jang Department of Head and Neck Surgery&Communication Sciences Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Duke university School of Medicine DurhamNorth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Health Science Center San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Background:Sinusitis is a common diagnosis that can be erroneously associated with routine weather‐related barometric pressure *** actuality,these pressure changes likely exacerbate migraine headaches,which can cause facial pain and pressure rather than true sinus ***:The present study sought to characterize the representation of both sinusitis and migraine in association with barometric pressure changes across websites on the ***:An Internet search for relevant terms was conducted,and content of the resulting pages was assessed for associations between weather‐related pressure changes and either sinusitis or *** in reported results across different subtypes of Internet sources were *** primary outcomes measured were(1)whether a given media source associated barometric weather changes with sinusitis,(2)whether that source associated barometric weather changes with migraine,and(3)treatment options offered by that ***:Of the 116 included webpages,36(31.03%)associated sinusitis and routine barometric pressure *** these,10(27.77%)were otolaryngology practice ***‐seven webpages(57.76%)associated migraine and routine barometric pressure *** these,nonotolaryngology webpages were more likely to report this ***:Otolaryngology practice sites were observed to be the most frequent professional medical resource reporting the unsubstantiated claim that routine barometric pressure changes are associated with *** sources were more likely to link weather‐related pressure changes to *** results suggest that opportunities exist for otolaryngology practice sites to educate patients about nonrhinogenic headache etiologies.

关键词： acute rhinosinusitis balloon sinus dilation headache migraine sinusitis

Survey on digital twins for Internet of Vehicles:Fundamentals,challenges,and opportunities

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 237-247页

作者： Jiajie Guo Muhammad Bilal Yuying Qiu Cheng Qian Xiaolong Xu Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Department of Computer Engineering Hankuk University of Foreign StudiesGyeonggi-do17035South Korea Jiangsu Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing210044China Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

As autonomous vehicles and the other supporting infrastructures(e.g.,smart cities and intelligent transportation systems)become more commonplace,the Internet of Vehicles(IoV)is getting increasingly *** have been attempts to utilize Digital Twins(DTs)to facilitate the design,evaluation,and deployment of IoV-based systems,for example by supporting high-fidelity modeling,real-time monitoring,and advanced predictive ***,the literature review undertaken in this paper suggests that integrating DTs into IoV-based system design and deployment remains an understudied *** addition,this paper explains how DTs can benefit IoV system designers and implementers,as well as describes several challenges and opportunities for future researchers.

关键词： Internet of vehicles Digital twin Simulation Traffic systems

Urban Soil Compaction Remediation by Shallow Tillage and Compost in Hydroseeded Lawn

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第7期14卷 399-415页

作者： James Jihoon Kang Adam Flores Engil Isadora Pujol Pereira Jungseok Ho School of Earth Environmental and Marine Sciences University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Edinburg Texas USA Environmental health and Safety University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA Department of Civil Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande Valley Edinburg Texas USA

Construction activities often involve removal of topsoil and compaction of the exposed soil by heavy equipments. Such compacted soils with low organic matter can lead to low infiltration and poor vegetation establishment. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of tillage (shallow till) and compost on soil physical and biological properties in a hydroseeded lawn as a post-construction best management practice for soil compaction remediation. The experimental site received a total of four land treatments in five replicated trials and it was hydroseeded with common Bermuda grass: 1) No Tillage + Compost (NT-C), 2) No Tillage + No Compost (NT-NC;control), 3) Tillage + Compost (T-C), and 4) Tillage + No Compost (T-NC). Bulk density (BD), infiltration rate (IR), and wet aggregate stability (WAS) in each plot were measured to assess soil physical properties while soil organic matter (SOM) and enzyme activity (β-glucosidase, acid-phosphatase, and alkaline-phosphatase) were measured for soil biological properties. Over a 15-months of monitoring period, the shallow tillage loosened the soil initially, but its effect on BD without compost was diminished to control plot level (NT-NC) within 4 months after hydroseeding. Both tillage and compost led to an increase in IR, and it remained higher than control by 2 - 3 times throughout the observation period. The WAS and β-glucosidase activity decreased in tilled plot unless there was compost application. Turfgrass showed greener leaves and aggregated roots in the compost-amended plots (NT-C and T-C). Our results suggest that compost application plays a key role in improving soil physical and biological properties in hydroseeded lawns from construction sites.

关键词： Compaction Compost Infiltration Soil Organic Matter Soil Enzyme Tillage Wet Aggregate Stability

Artificial intelligence in physiological characteristics recognition for internet of things authentication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 740-755页

作者： Zhimin Zhang Huansheng Ning Fadi Farha Jianguo Ding Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center for Cyberspace Data Analysis and Applications Beijing100083China Faculty of Informatics Engineering Aleppo UniversityAleppoSyria Department of Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology37179KarlskronaSweden Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78249-0631USA

Effective user authentication is key to ensuring equipment security,data privacy,and personalized services in Internet of Things(IoT)***,conventional mode-based authentication methods(e.g.,passwords and smart cards)may be vulnerable to a broad range of attacks(e.g.,eavesdropping and side-channel attacks).Hence,there have been attempts to design biometric-based authentication solutions,which rely on physiological and behavioral *** characteristics need continuous monitoring and specific environmental settings,which can be challenging to implement in ***,we can also leverage Artificial Intelligence(AI)in the extraction and classification of physiological characteristics from IoT devices processing to facilitate ***,we review the literature on the use of AI in physiological characteristics recognition pub-lished after *** use the three-layer architecture of the IoT(i.e.,sensing layer,feature layer,and algorithm layer)to guide the discussion of existing approaches and their *** also identify a number of future research opportunities,which will hopefully guide the design of next generation solutions.

关键词： Physiological characteristics recognition Artificial intelligence Internet of things Biological-driven authentication

CHARTING TTHE ROAD AHEAD

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Beijing Review 2024年第31期67卷 18-19页

作者： Jon Taylor university of texas at san antonio

The Communist Party of China(CPC)recently concluded the long-anticipated Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central *** meeting brought together the Party's top leadership to discuss and articulate China's policy g... 详细信息

关键词： policy goals strategic

Network traffic classification:Techniques,datasets,and challenges

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第3期10卷 676-692页

作者： Ahmad Azab Mahmoud Khasawneh Saed Alrabaee Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo Maysa Sarsour College of Information Technology and Systems Victorian Institute of TechnologyAustralia College of Engineering Al Ain UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Information Systems and Security College of ITUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain15551United Arab Emirates Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTX78260USA School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia

In network traffic classification,it is important to understand the correlation between network traffic and its causal application,protocol,or service group,for example,in facilitating lawful interception,ensuring the quality of service,preventing application choke points,and facilitating malicious behavior *** this paper,we review existing network classification techniques,such as port-based identification and those based on deep packet inspection,statistical features in conjunction with machine learning,and deep learning *** also explain the implementations,advantages,and limitations associated with these *** review also extends to publicly available datasets used in the ***,we discuss existing and emerging challenges,as well as future research directions.

关键词： Network classification Machine learning Deep learning Deep packet inspection Traffic monitoring