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Reducing strain on primary healthcare systems through innovative models of care:the impact of direct access physiotherapy for musculoskeletal conditions—an interrupted time series analysis

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第3期12卷 1-12页

作者： James Henry Zouch Bjørnar Berg Are Hugo Pripp Kjersti Storheim Claire E Ashton-James Manuela L Ferreira Margreth Grotle Paulo H Ferreira Sydney Musculoskeletal Health Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Centre for Intelligent Musculoskeletal Health Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Oslo Metropolitan university Faculty of Health Sciences OsloNorway Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Department of Research and Innovation Oslo University Hospital Division of Clinical NeuroscienceOsloNorway Sydney Medical School Kolling InstituteThe University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute for Global Health SydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Research and Innovation Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Department of Rehabilitation and Technology Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Charles Perkins Centre Sydney Musculoskeletal HealthThe University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Objectives To evaluate the longitudinal impact of introducing a national,direct access physiotherapy model of care on the rates of primary and secondary care consultations for musculoskeletal(MSK)*** Interrupted time series analysis using segmented linear *** norway primary care Participants A cohort of 82072 participants was derived from 3 population-based health surveys conducted across separate geographical regions in *** participants surveyed were eligible for inclusion as a national representative sample of the Norwegian *** MSK consultations were linked to the Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursement database and the Norwegian Patient Register using the International Classification of Primary Care diagnostic medical codes L-chapter for MSK conditions and spine related International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision,*** Direct access to physiotherapy model of care introduced nationally in norway in *** model allowed Norwegians to consult directly with qualified physiotherapists for MSK conditions(eg,back pain,knee osteoarthritis)without the need for a medical referral in order to claim a social security *** outcomes measured Rates of primary care consultations per 10000 population(general practitioner(GP)and physiotherapist consultations)and secondary care(specialist consultations and surgical procedures)measured from 2014 to *** The introduction of the direct access physiotherapy model was associated with an immediate stepped reduction of 391 general practice consultations per 10000 population,(95%CI:−564 to−216),without an associated change in physiotherapy *** analyses suggested there was an associated reduction in physiotherapy consultations for those in the lowest education group of 150 consultations per quarter(95%CI:−203 to−97),70 consultations per quarter in the intermediate education group(95%CI:−115 to−27)and a step

关键词： impact analysis strain

Well-Posedness of Stochastic Continuity Equations on Riemannian Manifolds

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 81-122页

作者： Luca GALIMBERTI Kenneth H.KARLSEN Department of Mathematical Sciences NTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491 TrondheimNorway Department of mathematics University of OsloP.O.Box 1053BlindernN-0316 OsloNorway

The authors analyze continuity equations with Stratonovich stochasticity,■ρ+divh[ρo(u(t,x)+∑_(i=1)^(N)a_(i)(x)w_(i)(t))]=0defined on a smooth closed Riemannian manifold M with metric *** velocity field u is perturbed by Gaussian noise terms Wi(t),:WN(t)driven by smooth spatially dependent vector fields a1(x),...,aN(x)on *** velocity u belongs to L_(t)^(1)W_(x)^(1,2)with divh u bounded in Lf,for p>d+2,where d is the dimension of M(they do not assume div_(h) u∈L_(t,x)^(∞)).For carefully chosen noise vector fields ai(and the number N of them),they show that the initial-value problem is well-posed in the class of weak L^(2) solutions,although the problem can be ill-posed in the deterministic case because of concentration *** proof of this“regularization by noise”result is based on a L^(2) estimate,which is obtained by a duality method,and a weak compactness argument.

关键词： Stochastic continuity equation Riemannian manifold Hyperbolic equa-tion Non-smooth velocity field Weak solution Existence Uniqueness

Background removal from global auroral images:Data-driven dayglow modeling

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 247-257页

作者： A.Ohma M.Madelaire K.M.Laundal J.P.Reistad S.M.Hatch S.Gasparini S.J.Walker Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniversity of BergenBergenNorway

Global images of auroras obtained by cameras on spacecraft are a key tool for studying the near-Earth ***,the cameras are sensitive not only to auroral emissions produced by precipitating particles,but also to dayglow emissions produced by photoelectrons induced by *** emissions and scattered sunlight can contribute to the background *** fully utilize such images in space science,background contamination must be removed to isolate the auroral *** we outline a data-driven approach to modeling the background intensity in multiple images by formulating linear inverse problems based on B-splines and spherical *** approach is robust,flexible,and iteratively deselects outliers,such as auroral *** final model is smooth across the terminator and accounts for slow temporal variations and large-scale asymmetries in the *** demonstrate the model by using the three far ultraviolet cameras on the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration(IMAGE)*** method can be applied to historical missions and is relevant for upcoming missions,such as the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)mission.

关键词： aurora dayglow modeling global auroral images far ultraviolet images dayglow removal

Carnobacteria in fish

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 193-205页

作者： Einar Ring Norwegian College of Fishery Science Faculty of BioscienceFisheries and EconomicsUiT The Arctic University of NorwayTromsø9010Norway

Carnobacterium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria,within family Carnobacteriaceae,and they are catalase-and oxidase-negative,non-sporing bacteria with properties such as CO_(2)and L(+)-lactic acid production from glucose,but they are not able to grow on acetate *** are ubiquitous lactic acid bacteria and have been isolated from both cold and temperate environments,and they are identified as components of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract of salmonids and several other fish species of which Carnobacterium(piscicola)maltaromaticum,Carnobacterium mobile,Carnobacterium divergens,Carnobacterium alterfunitum,and Carnobacterium inhibens are *** the last two decades several studies have revealed that carnobacteria can act as probiotics to promote health benefits of fish,as well as they in ex vivo studies to some extent can out-compete *** addition to beneficial effects,information is available that some carnobacteria species causing fish *** aim of the present review is to present an updated overview of Carnobacterium in fish,with focus on their presence in the GI tract,their use as probiotic supplement and general information on pathogenic carnobacteria.

关键词： Carnobacterium Gastrointestinal tract Probiotics Fish health Pathogenic

Meldonium-induced steatosis is associated with increased delta 6 desaturation and reduced elongation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids

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Liver Research 2024年第3期8卷 152-164页

作者： Bodil Bjørndal Siri Lunde Tungland Pavol Bohov Magne OSydnes Simon N.Dankel Lise Madsen Rolf K Berge Department of Clinical Science University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Sports Physical Activity and FoodWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesBergenNorway Department of Chemistry Bioscience and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of StavangerStavangerNorway Department of Clinical Medicine University of BergenBergenNorway Department of Heart Disease Haukeland University HospitalBergenNorway

Background and objective Metabolic associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is associated with abnormal lipid *** dysfunction is considered an important factor in the onset of MAFLD,whereas altered fatty acid composition has been linked to the severity of the *** acid(TTA),shown to induce mitochondrial proliferation and alter the fatty acid composition,was used to delay the accumulation of hepatic *** study aimed to evaluate how impaired mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation affects fatty acid composition by incorporating meldonium into a high-carbohydrate *** C57BL/6 mice(n=40)were fed high-carbohydrate diets supplemented with meldonium,TTA,or a combination of meldonium and TTA for 21 *** levels were determined in liver samples,and fatty acid composition was measured in both liver and plasma ***,desaturase and elongase activities were *** hepatic activities and gene expression levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism were measured in liver samples,whereas carnitines,their precursors,and acylcarnitines were measured in plasma *** The meldonium-induced depletion of L-carnitine and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation was confirmed by reduced plasma levels of L-carnitine and *** component analyses of the hepatic fatty acid composition revealed clustering dependent on meldonium and *** meldonium-induced increase in hepatic triacylglycerol levels correlated negatively with estimated activities of elongases and was associated with higher estimated activities of delta-6 desaturase(D6D;C18:4n-3/C18:3n-3 and C18:3n-6/C18:2n-6),and increased circulating levels of C18:4n-3 and C18:3n-6(gamma-linolenic acid).TTA mitigated meldonium-induced triacylglycerol levels by 80%and attenuated the estimated D6D activities,and elongation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs).TTA also attenuated the meldonium-mediated reduction of C24:1n-

关键词： Steatosis Fatty acid composition Fatty acid oxidation Meldonium Desaturase Elongasen-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid

Statistical Models for Condition Monitoring and State of Health Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Ships

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Journal of Dynamics, Monitoring and Diagnostics 2024年第1期3卷 11-20页

作者： Erik Vanem Qin Liang Maximilian Bruch Gjermund Bøthun Katrine Bruvik Kristian Thorbjørnsen Azzeddine Bakdi DNV GRD HøvikNorway Department of Mathematics University of OsloOsloNorway Fraunhofer ISE FreiburgGermany Corvus Energy BergenNorway Corvus Energy PorsgrunnNorway

Battery systems are increasingly being used for powering ocean going ships,and the number of fully electric or hybrid ships relying on battery power for propulsion is *** ensure the safety of such ships,it is important to monitor the available energy that can be stored in the batteries,and classification societies typically require the state of health(SOH)to be verified by independent *** paper addresses statistical modeling of SOH for maritime lithium-ion batteries based on operational sensor *** methods for sensor-based,data-driven degradation monitoring will be presented,and advantages and challenges with the different approaches will be *** different approaches include cumulative degradation models and snapshot models,models that need to be trained and models that need no prior training,and pure data-driven models and physics-informed *** of the methods only rely on measured data,such as current,voltage,and temperature,whereas others rely on derived quantities such as state of *** include simple statistical models and more complicated machine learning *** from this exploration will be important in establishing a framework for data-driven diagnostics and prognostics of maritime battery systems within the scope of classification societies.

关键词： battery condition monitoring data-driven analytics diagnostics state of health

Exercised blood plasma promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in the Alzheimer's disease rat brain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 245-255页

作者： Cecilie Skarstad Norevik Aleksi M.Huuha Ragnhild N.RФsbjФrgen Linda Hildegard Bergersen Kamilla Jacobsen Rodrigo Miguel-dos-Santos Liv Ryan Belma Skender Jose Bianco N.Moreira Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen Menno P.Witter Nathan Scrimgeour Atefe R.Tari Cardiac Exercise Research Group(CERG) Department of Circulation and Medical ImagingNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology St.Olavs University Hospital7030TrondheimNorway Institute of Oral Biology University of Oslo0372OsloNorway Department of Physiology Federal University of SergipeS~ao Cristov~ao49100-000SergipeBrazil Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Kavli Institute for Systems Neuroscience Centre for Neural Computationand Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical MicrocircuitsNorwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway K.G.Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer’s Disease Norwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway

Background:Exercise training promotes brain plasticity and is associated with protection against cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease(AD).These beneficial effects may be partly mediated by blood-borne *** we used an in vitro model of AD to investigate effects of blood plasma from exercise-trained donors on neuronal viability,and an in vivo rat model of AD to test whether such plasma impacts cognitive function,amyloid pathology,and ***:Mouse hippocampal neuronal cells were exposed to AD-like stress using amyloid-βand treated with plasma collected from human male donors 3 h after a single bout of high-intensity *** in vivo studies,blood was collected from exercise-trained young male Wistar rats(high-intensity intervals 5 days/week for 6 weeks).Transgenic AD rats(McGill-R-Thyl-APP)were inj ected 5 times/fortnight for 6 weeks at2 months or 5 months of age with either(a)plasma from the exercise-trained rats,(b)plasma from sedentary rats,or(c)*** function,amyloid plaque pathology,and neurogenesis were *** plasma used for the treatment was analyzed for 23 ***:Plasma from exercised donors enhanced cell viability by 44.1%(p=0.032)and reduced atrophy by 50.0%(p<0.001)in amyloid-β-treated *** vivo exercised plasma treatment did not alter cognitive function or amyloid plaque pathology but did increase hippocampal neurogenesis by~3 fold,regardless of pathological stage,when compared to saline-treated *** of 7 cytokines were significantly reduced in exercised plasma compared to sedentary ***:Our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that plasma from exercise-trained donors can protect neuronal cells in culture and promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the AD rat *** effect may be partly due to reduced pro-inflammatory signaling molecules in exercised plasma.

关键词： Cytokines High-intensity interval training Inflammation Neurons Plasma transfusion

Acoustic micro‐beam vortex generator for flow actuation inside droplets

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Droplet 2024年第1期3卷 125-135页

作者： Diego Sánchez‐Saldaña Maria Fernandino Carlos A.Dorao Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway

Controlling acoustic streaming inside a droplet has excellent potential for enabling fluid and particle operations such as mixing,separation,and aggregation in various *** concepts for generating surface acoustic waves are based on the placement of an interdigitated transducer at the side of a droplet,thus externally acting on the *** this case,the flow structure inside the droplet is controlled by the relatively large scale of the interdigitated transducer compared to the droplet,thus limiting the local control of the *** possibility to overcome this drawback is to reduce the size of the actuator such that a highly focused ultrasound transducer can induce localized acoustic streaming in ***,we introduce a micro‐spiral interdigitated transducer smaller than a droplet size that can generate micro‐size vortices inside the *** step enables a new way of controlling the flow inside the droplet,facilitating mixing,separation,aggregation,and patterning of *** study the characteristics of the acoustic streaming and the potential application of the flow for the separation and patterning of *** simplicity of the concept provides in‐droplet particle manipulation toolsets for many applications such as biosensing,microbiology,and point‐of‐care devices.

关键词： flow separation aggregation

Optimal transcorneal electrical stimulation parameters for preserving photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2543-2552页

作者： Sam Enayati Karen Chang Anton Lennikov Menglu Yang Cherin Lee Ajay Ashok Farris Elzaridi Christina Yen Kasim Gunes Jia Xie Kin-Sang Cho Tor Paaske Utheim Dong Feng Chen Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear Department of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Institute of clinical medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Medical Biochemistry Oslo University HospitalUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Ophthalmology Drammen HospitalVestre Viken Hospital TrustDrammenNorway Department of Histology and Embryology School of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkiye

Retinitis pigmentosa is a hereditary retinal disease that affects rod and cone photoreceptors,leading to progressive photoreceptor *** research supports the beneficial effect of electrical stimulation on photoreceptor *** study aims to identify the most effective electrical stimulation parameters and functional advantages of transcorneal electrical stimulation(tcES)in mice affected by inherited retinal ***,the study seeked to analyze the electric field that reaches the retina in both eyes in mice and post-mortem *** this study,we recorded waveforms and voltages directed to the retina during transcorneal electrical stimulation in C57BL/6J mice using an intraocular needle probe with rectangular,sine,and ramp *** investigate the functional effects of electrical stimulation on photoreceptors,we used human retinal explant cultures and rhodopsin knockout(Rho^(-/-))mice,demonstrating progressive photoreceptor degeneration with *** retinal explants isolated from the donors’eyes were then subjected to electrical stimulation and cultured for 48 hours to simulate the neurodegenerative environment in *** density was evaluated by rhodopsin *** vivo Rho^(-/-)mice were subjected to two 5-day series of daily transcorneal electrical stimulation using rectangular and ramp *** function and visual perception of mice were evaluated by electroretinography and optomotor response(OMR),*** was used to assess the morphological and biochemical changes of the photoreceptor and bipolar cells in mouse *** recordings indicated effective delivery of rectangular,sine,and ramp waveforms to the retina by transcorneal electrical stimulation,of which the ramp waveform required the lowest *** of the total conductive resistance of the post-mortem human compared to the mouse eyes indicated higher cornea-to-retina resistance in human *** tem

关键词： bipolar cells electrical stimulation neuroprotection photoreceptor degeneration retina retinal explants retinitis pigmentosa transcorneal electrical stimulation waveform