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Utilization of α-olefins obtained by pyrolysis of waste high density polyethylene to synthesize α-olefin-succinic-anhydride based cold flow improvers

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燃料化学学报 2009年第3期37卷 302-310页

作者： Norbert MISKOLCZI Richard SAGI László BARTHA Lívia FORCEK university of pannonia Chemical Engineering and Process Engineering Institute Department of Hydrocarbon and Coal Processing Egyetem street 10 Veszprém H-8200 HUNGARY

浪费聚合物热分解获得的石蜡富人烃部分的利用的一条新线路被调查。-olefin-succinic-anhydride 基于中介倒点镇静剂添加剂因为柴油被综合，在哪个反应需要的石蜡被废物的热分解获得高密度的聚乙烯(HDPE ) 。石蜡的部分被塑料废物的de... 详细信息

浪费聚合物热分解获得的石蜡富人烃部分的利用的一条新线路被调查。-olefin-succinic-anhydride 基于中介倒点镇静剂添加剂因为柴油被综合，在哪个反应需要的石蜡被废物的热分解获得高密度的聚乙烯(HDPE ) 。石蜡的部分被塑料废物的de聚合在 500 滓鲥?在一个试管反应堆生产???????????????????????禧?????迋????骤??????吗鲥??????禧哉????嫪????滓?????篤?廯??????可??????????????裍??妢???????臙???????蚨?蚨？？

关键词：添加剂石油炼制成份燃料化学高温分解

Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第4期12卷 708-717页

作者： Attila Egedy Livia Gyurik Tamas Varga Jun Zou Norbert Miskolczi Haiping Yang Institute of Chemical and Process Engineering University of PannoniaVeszprem 8200Hungary State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnolgyWuhan 430074China

Biomass is of growing interest as a secondary energy source and can be converted to fuels with higher energy density especially by pyrolysis or gasification. Understanding the mechanism and the kinetics of biomass pyrolysis (thermal decomposition) and gasification (conversion of organic material to gases) could be the key to the design of industrial devices capable of processing vast amounts of biomass feedstock. In our work real product components obtained in pyrolysis were took into consideration as well as char and oil as lumped components, and the kinetic constants for a biomass model compound (cellulose) pyrolysis and gasification were identified based on a proposed simplified reaction mechanism within a compartment model structure. A laboratory scale reactor was used for the physical experiments containing consecutive fast pyrolysis and gasification stages using alkali metal (K) containing feedstock, which has a significant effect on the cellulose pyrolysis and gasification. The detailed model was implemented in MATLAB/Simulink environment, and the unknown kinetic parameters were identified based on experimental data. The model was validated based on measurement data, and a good agreement was found. Based on the validated first principle model the optimal parameters were determined as 0.15 mL/min steam flow rate, and 4% K content.

关键词： biomass pyrolysis kinetic parameter identification compartment modelling optimisation

Double-brooding and annual breeding success of great tits in urban and forest habitats

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 517-525页

作者： Boglárka Bukor Gábor Seress Ivett Pipoly Krisztina Sándor Csenge Sinkovics ErnőVincze András Liker Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaVeszprém H-8200Hungary MTA-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaVeszprém H-8200Hungary MTA-ELTE Comparative Ethology Research Group BudapestHungary Department of Biology Theoretical Population Ecology and Evolution GroupLund UniversityLundSweden

Urban areas differ from natural habitats in several environmental features that influence the characteristics of animals living *** example,birds often start breeding seasonally earlier and fledge fewer offspring per brood in cities than in natural ***,longer breeding seasons in cities may increase the frequency of double-brooding in urban compared with nonurban populations,thus potentially increasing urban birds’annual reproductive output and resulting in lower habitat difference in reproductive success than estimated by studies focusing on first clutches *** this study,we investigated 2 urban and 2 forests great tit Parus major populations from 2013 to *** compared the probability of double-brooding and the total number of annually fledged chicks per female between urban and forest habitats,while controlling for the effects of potentially confounding *** was a trend for a higher probability of double-brooding in urban(44%of females)than in forest populations(36%),although this was not consistent between the 2 urban *** produced significantly fewer fledglings annually in the cities than in the forest sites,and this difference was present both within single-and double-brooded ***,double-brooded urban females produced a similar number of fledglings per season as single-brooded forest *** results indicate that double-brooding increases the reproductive success of female great tits in both habitats,but urban females cannot effectively compensate in this way for their lower reproductive output per ***,other mechanisms like increased post-fledging survival can mitigate habitat differences in reproductive success.

关键词： annual reproductive success habitat differences population self-sustainability second brood urban conservation

An investigation on the wind profiles and gravity wave dynamics in MLT region based on the meteor radars from the Meridian Project

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 29-38页

作者： Tai Liu Zhe Wang MengXi Shi Willie Soon ShiCan Qiu Department of Geophysics College of the Geology Engineering and GeomaticsChang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Center for Environmental Research and Earth Sciences(CERES) SalemMA 01970USA Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science(ELKH EPSS) 9400SopronHungary

The meteor radar can detect the zenith angle,azimuth,radial velocity,and altitude of meteor trails so that one can invert the wind profiles in the mesosphere and low thermosphere(MLT)region,based on the Interferometric and Doppler *** this paper,the horizontal wind field,gravity wave(GW)disturbance variance,and GW fluxes are analyzed through the meteor radar observation from 2012−2022,at Mohe(53.5°N,122.4°E)and Zuoling(30.5°N,114.6°E)stations of the(Chinese)Meridian *** Lomb−Scargle periodogram method has been utilized to analyze the periodic variations for time series with observational data *** results show that the zonal winds at both stations are eastward dominated,while the meridional winds are southward *** variance of GW disturbances in the zonal and meridional directions increases gradually with height,and there is a strong pattern of annual *** zonal momentum flux of GW changes little with height,showing weak annual *** meridional GW flux varies gradually from northward to southward with height,and the annual periodicity is *** both stations,the maximum values of zonal and meridional wind occur close to the peak heights of GW flux,with opposite *** observational evidence is consistent with the filtering *** horizontal wind velocity,GW flux,and disturbance variance of the GW at Mohe are overall smaller than those at Zuoling,indicating weaker activities in the MLT at *** power spectral density(PSD)calculated by the Lomb−Scargle periodogram shows that there are 12-month period and 6-month period in horizontal wind field,GW disturbance variance and GW flux at both stations,and especially there is also a 4-month cycle in the disturbance *** PSD of the 12-month and 6-month cycles exhibits maximum values below 88 km and above 94 km.

关键词： meteor radar wind field gravity wave Lomb−Scargle method

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria university Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical university of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Impact of Simulated Airborne Soot on Maize Growth and Development

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第8期3卷 773-781页

作者： Angela Anda Berndett Illes university of pannonia Hungary

Various effects of the dry deposition of soot on maize were investigated in Keszthely (hungary) in two consecutive years. In order to be able to study a wider range of weather conditions, some of the plants were placed in a Thornthwaite-Matter type evapotranspirometer and given ad libitum water supplies. Pollution with airborne black carbon was simulated throughout the season by distributing rates of 3 g?m–2 a week using a motorised dust sprayer. Among the plant growth parameters, the leaf area index was increased by 3% - 14%, depending on the year, suggesting that the plants were able to absorb the carbon settling on the leaves. The black carbon reduced the albedo of the canopy by 17.5% - 21.8%, depending on the year, forcing the polluted maize to absorb more energy. Part of this surplus energy was utilised for increased evapotranspiration (3.9% and 11% in the two years) and to raise the surface temperature of the canopy by 1℃ - 2℃ during the mid-day hours. The effect of the contamination on maize was more intense in the hot, dry year. The unfavourable effect of soot on maize fertilisation could be observed as a significant increase in the number of deformed ears, leading to a reduction in grain dry matter. The reduction in dry matter yield for polluted maize grown with irrigation in the evapotranspirometer was far less severe than that on non-irrigated plots, suggesting that irrigation was the most obvious solution for mitigating the negative effects of contamination with airborne soot.

关键词： Black Carbon Maize Evapotranspiration Albedo Dry Matter Yield

Hard life for sons in the nest?Sex-dependent offspring mortality in Great Tits in urban and forest areas

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 91-97页

作者： Nora Agh Henriett Anna Dalvári Krisztián Szabó Ivett Pipoly András Liker HUN-REN-PE Evolutionary Ecology Research Group University of PannoniaH-8200VeszpremPf.1158.Hungary Behavioral Ecology Research Group Center for Natural SciencesUniversity of PannoniaH-8200Pf.1158.VeszpremHungary Molecular Ecology Research Group Department of EcologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine BudapestH-1400Pf.2.BudapestHungary Synlab hungary Ltd. H-1211Weiss Manfr´ed Str.5-7BudapestHungary

Sex-biased mortality can occur in birds during development,for example due to sexual differences in energy requirement and/or environmental sensitivity,or the effects of sex hormones or sex differences in the expression of mutations linked to sex *** extent of sex-bias in mortality may also be related to environmental conditions that influence offspring development and *** areas often provide poorer conditions for nestling development resulting in higher offspring mortality compared to natural areas,which may accelerate sex differences in offspring mortality in *** test this hypothesis,we examined the sex ratio of dead offspring in Great Tits(Parus major),using 427 samples of unhatched eggs and dead nestlings collected in two urban and two forest sites between 2013 and *** ratio of males in the whole sample of dead offspring(56.9%)was significantly higher than expected by an 1:1 ratio,and the strongest sex biases were detected in urban areas(57.6%males)and in young nestlings(<14 days old,59.0%males).However,the sex ratios of dead offspring did not differ significantly among study sites and between offspring developmental stages.29.3%of unhatched eggs contained a visible embryo,and the proportion of embryo-containing unhatched eggs did not differ significantly between urban and forest study *** results suggest male-biased offspring mortality in Great Tits,and highlight the need of large datasets to detect subtle differences between habitats and developmental stages.

关键词： Great Tit Urbanization Nestling mortality Sex related differences

Diurnal variation of aethalometer correction factors and optical absorption assessment of nucleation events using multi-wavelength photoacoustic spectroscopy

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 96-109页

作者： Tibor Ajtai Gergely Kiss-Albert Noemi Utry Adam Toth Andras Hoffer Gabor Szabo Zoltan Bozoki Department of Optics and Quantum Electronics University of Szeged H-6720 Szeged Hungary Hilase Development Production Service and Trading Limited Szekesfehervar H-8000 Hungary MTA-SZTE Research Group on Photoacoustic Spectroscopy H-6720 Szeged Hungary ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd H-6720 Szeged Hungary Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Pannonia P.O. Box 158 Veszprem H-8201 Hungary MTA-PE Air Chemistry Research Group P.O. Box 158 Veszprem H-8201 Hungary

A field measurement campaign was carried out during the late winter and early spring of2015 in Budapest, the capital of hungary. The size distribution(SD) and optical absorption of carbonaceous particulate matter(CPM) was measured online using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer(SMPS), a 7λ-aethalometer and an inhouse developed 4λ-Photoacoustic Spectrometer. Based on the SD data, the measurement period could be classified into days with and without new particle formation events(normal days and nucleation days),although particular nucleation-like events were observed on normal days as well. Three characteristic size modes were observed with CMDs of circa 15, 25 and 110 nm that corresponded to the nucleation, traffic and heating modes. Based on the temporal behavior of these modes both types of days were divided into distinctive daily periods(heating hours,traffic hours and nucleation hours). The optical absorption spectra(OAC and AAE) also displayed the same part of day behavior to that of SD. That way this paper is among the first to assess the optical response of urban nucleation events. Due to the simultaneous measurement of OAC by the 7λ-aethalometer and a 4λ-Photoacoustic Spectrometer, OAC was measured overall at 11 wavelengths. That way aethalometer correction factors(f and C)were determined at all aethalometer wavelengths using in situ reference photoacoustic measurements. Correction factors were found to have both wavelength and time of the day variation. In the case of f, no clear trend could be observed, however, Cref values increased both as a function of wavelength.

关键词： Photoacoustic spectroscopy Aerosol Angstr?m exponent Aethalometer Nucleation Size distribution

Optimal design of the fillet weld fastening the wind turbine column

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China Welding 2024年第3期33卷 39-43页

作者： Imre Timár István W.Árpád Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PannoniaVeszprem H-8200Hungary Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of DebrecenDebrecen H-4032Hungary

This paper deals with the optimal design of the fillet weld of wind turbine column subjected to bending *** the premise of determined the force acting on the column,in order to further optimize the fillet weld,the minimum volume of corner seam was determined in the case of non-linear design *** constraints relate to the maximal stresses and fatigue of welding seam.A numerical solution to this problem is given by genetic optimization *** optimisation calculation result indicated that the active condition(constraint)was the stress from the static *** and meaningful information is provided for the engineering field.

关键词： fillet weld optimal design genetic algorithm static and dynamic load