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Mechanisms behind elevated serum levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2317-2318页

作者： Francesco Angelucci Jakub Hort Memory clinic Department of NeurologySecond Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Motol University HospitalPragueCzech Republic International clinical Research Centre St.Anne’s University HospitalBrnoCzech Republic

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration(FTLD)is a form of progressive dementia characterized by degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes of the *** pathology involves a series of cognitive,behavioral,and neurological ... 详细信息

关键词： degeneration elevated pathology

Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon C.Smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(CNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Crohn's disease in one mixed-race population in Brazil

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第33期13卷 4489-4492页

作者： Genoile Oliveira Santana Luiz Guilherme Costa Lyra Tamara Celi Almeida Santana Lidiane Bianca dos Reis Jorge Carvalho Guedes Maria Betania Toralles André Castro Lyra gastrohepatology Unit Federal University of Bahia Brazil Gastrohepatology Unit Hospital San Rafael BahiaBrazil gastrohepatology Unit Federal University of Bahia Brazil Department of Medicine Federal University of Bahia Brazil Gastrohepatology Unit Hospital San Rafael BahiaBrazil Department of Medicine Federal University of Bahia Brazil gastrohepatology Unit Federal University of Bahia Brazil Department of Medicine Federal University of Bahia Brazil Genetic Unit Federal University of Bahia Brazil

AIM： To evaluate the classification and severity of Crohn＇s disease in different racial groups. METHODS： Patients with Crohn＇s disease from the outpatient clinic of the university Hospital Prof. Edgard Santos were enrolled in the study. This hospital is a reference centre for inflammatory bowel disease. Race was determined using self-identification. The Vienna＇s classification was applied for all subjects. The severity of Crohn＇s disease was determined according to the number of surgical procedures, hospital admissions in the last year and treatment with steroids and immunosuppressors. Statistical analysis was calculated using t test for means,χ^2 or F for proportions. A P value 〈 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS： Sixty-five patients were enrolled. Non-white patients were more frequently diagnosed with Crohn＇s disease in the age less than 40 years than white patients. The behaviour of disease was similar in both groups with a high frequency of the penetrating form. There was a tendency for non-white patients to have a greater frequency of hospital admissions in the last year compared to white subjects. Non-whites also had a higher rate of colonic and upper gastrointestinal involvement, and were also more frequently on treatment with immunossupressors than white patients although this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION： Non-white patients with Crohn＇s disease had an earlier diagnosis and appeared to have had a more severe disease Dresentation than white patients.

关键词： Racial group Brazil Race Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease

Risk Factors for the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Thailand

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Journal of clinical and Translational Hepatology 2015年第3期3卷 182-188页

作者： Taned Chitapanarux Kannika Phornphutkul Division of gastrohepatology Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Division of gastrohepatology Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand gastrohepatology unit Rajavej Chiang Mai Hospital Chiang Mai Thailand

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer *** incidence of HCC is on the rise in Thailand,where it has become the most common malignancy in males and the third most common in ***,we review some of the risk factors that have contributed to this increase in HCC incidence in the Thai *** B virus (HBV) is the main etiologic risk factor for HCC,followed by hepatitis C virus (HCV).Patients with HBV genotype C have a higher positive rate of hepatitis B early antigen (HBeAg) and progress to cirrhosis and HCC earlier than genotype *** HCV patients,16% developed HCC associated cirrhosis by year 5 after diagnosis,and the cumulative risk for death from HCC at year 10 was 60%.Dietary exposure to the fungal hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin B1 has been shown to interact synergistically with HBV infection to increase the risk of early onset *** alcohol abuse remains an important risk factor for malignant transformation of hepatocytes,frequently in association with alcohol-induced *** recent years,obesity and metabolic syndrome have markedly increased the incidence of HCC and are important causes of HCC in some resource-rich regions.

关键词： Risk factors Hepatocellular carcinoma Etiology

Synthetic data as an investigative tool in hypertension and renal diseases research

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 9-13页

作者： Aleena Jamal Som Singh Fawad Qureshi Sidney Kimmel Medical College Thomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States School of Medicine University of Missouri Kansas CityKansasMO 64106United States Division of Nephrology and Hypertension Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

There is a growing body of clinical research on the utility of synthetic data derivatives,an emerging research tool in *** nephrology,clinicians can use machine learning and artificial intelligence as powerful aids in their clinical decision-making while also preserving patient *** is especially important given the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease,renal oncology,and hypertension ***,there remains a need to create a framework for guidance regarding how to better utilize synthetic data as a practical application in this research.

关键词： Synthetic data Artificial intelligence Nephrology Blood pressure Research Editorial

Silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál Sylvia Nürnberger Barbara Schaedl James Ferguson Nicole Swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal Nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life Science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria university clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical university of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. Since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tNGCs). However, the use of tNGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tNGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tNGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tNGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tNGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tNGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tNGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tNGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tNGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

Can Campylobacter jejuni play a role in development of celiac disease? A hypothesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4784-4785页

作者： Behnam Sabayan Farzaneh Foroughinia Mohammad Hadi Imanieh Student Research Center of Shiraz university of Medical Sciences ShirazIran gastrohepatology Research Center Department of PediatricsShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran

Celiac disease （CD） is an entropathy with malabsortive condition in which an allergic reaction to the cereal grain-protein （gluten） causes small intestine rnucosal injury. CD is a multifactorial disorder in which both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the disease development. Mechanisms have been described to explain the pathology of CD. T cells specific for multiple gluten peptides are found in virtually all patients. Generation of such a broad T cell response may be a prerequisite for disease development. CD is associated with multiple extraintestinal presentations, including neurological deficits. Recent studies have shown a significant correlation between anti-ganglioside antibodies and neurological disorders in patients with underlying CD. Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids which are abundant in nervous system and in other tissues including gastrointestinal tract. It is not known what triggers the release of anti-ganglioside antibodies in people with gluten sensitivity. But, the mechanism is likely to involve the intestinal immune system response to ingested gliadin, a component of wheat gluten. Studies showed that mechanisms different from gluten exposure may be implicated in antibody formation, and other environmental factors may also exist. In addition, considering the fact that genetic predisposition dysregulating mucosal immune responses in the presence of certain environmental triggers like gastrointestinal infections may be strong etiological factors for developing chronic intestinal inflammation including CD, the hypothesis raised in our mind that antiganglioside antibody formation in CD may play a role not only in development of neurological complications in celiac patients, but also in development of CD itself. As presence of Campylobacter jejuni in other diseases with antigangliosides antibody formation has been established, we propose the possible role of Campylobacter jejuni in development of CD in association with other genetic and

关键词： Celiac disease Gangliosides Campylobacter jejuni Molecular mimicry

Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in Albania

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第7期15卷 849-852页

作者： Bashkim Resuli Skerdi Prifti Bledar Kraja Tatjana Nurka Mimoza Basho Edita Sadiku university clinic of gastrohepatology University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa"Dibra stnr 371TiranaAlbania Blood Bank Center QSU Mother TheresaDibra stnr 371TiranaAlbania Department of Infection Disease Public Health InstituteA Moisiu stnr 85TiranaAlbania university clinic of Internal Medicine University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa"Dibra stnr 371TiranaAlbania

AIM： To assess the prevalence and socio-demographic distribution of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection in Albania. METHODS： Blood samples from 410 unselected schoolboys, 666 students, 500 military personnel, 1286 casual blood donors, 378 voluntary blood donors and 640 pregnant women （total 3880 non-vaccinated residents of rural and metropolitan areas from all over Albania; 2354 （60.7%） male and 1526 （39.3%） female; mean age of 26.3 years） were tested during 2004-2006 for hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） and antibodies to hepatitis B virus （anti-HBs） by ELISA. RESULTS： The HBsAg and anti-HBs prevalence were 9.5% and 28.7%, respectively. The highest HI3sAg prevalence was evident in the younger age group, such as in schoolchildren （11.8%） and the military （10.6%）. Consequently, the anti-HBs prevalence increased with age, from 21.2% in schoolchildren （mean age： 15.7 years）, to 36.3% in pregnant women （mean age： 26.3 years） and 29.7% in voluntary blood donors （mean age： 40.1 years）. There were no significant differences between males and females. CONCLUSION： Despite the estimated two-fold reduction of HBsAg prevalence in the general population from about 18%-19% to 9.5%, Albania remains a highly endemic country （i.e. over 8% of HBsAg prevalence rate）.

关键词： Albania Hepatitis B virus Blood donor Military Pregnant women Schoolchildren Student

Predictors of esophageal varices and first variceal bleeding in liver cirrhosis patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4806-4814页

作者： Bledar Kraja Iris Mone Ilir Akshija Adea Kocollari Skerdi Prifti Genc Burazeri Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Medicine university clinic of gastrohepatology University Hospital Center Mother Teresa Department of Laboratory University Hospital Center Mother Teresa Department of Statistics University Hospital Center Mother Teresa Department Department of International Health School CAPHRICare and Public Health Research InstituteMaastricht University

To assess “predictors” of esophageal varices (EV) and variceal bleeding using non-invasive markers in Albanian patients diagnosed with liver cirrhosis. METHODSOne hundred thirty-nine newly diagnosed cirrhotic patients without variceal bleeding were included in this analysis. Model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AST/ALT), AST to platelet ratio index (APRI), platelet count to spleen diameter (PC/SD), ﬁbrosis-4-index (FIB-4), fibrosis index (FI) and King’s Score were measured for all participants. All patients underwent endoscopic assessment within two days of hospitalization. The major end point was the first esophageal variceal bleeding (EVB) event. The diagnostic performance of “predictors” for the presence of EV and EVB were assessed by sensitivity and specificity values obtained from the receiver operating characteristics procedure. RESULTSFIB-4 was the only strong and significant “predictor” of esophageal varices (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.57 for one unit increment; 95%CI: 1.15-2.14). Furthermore, a cut-off value of 3.23 for FIB-4 was a significant predictor of esophageal varices, with a sensitivity of 72%, a specificity of 58% and a proportion of area under the curve (AUC) of 66% (P = 0.01). During the follow-up (median: 31.5 mo; interquartile range: 11-59 mo), 34 patients (24%) experienced a first EVB. FIB-4 was a poor predictor of EVB (the AUC was only 51%) for a cut-off value of 5.02. Furthermore, the AUC of AST/ALT, APRI, PC/SD, FI, MELD and King’s Score ranged from 45% to 55%. None of the non-invasive markers turned out to be a useful predictor of EVB. CONCLUSIONDespite the low diagnostic accuracy, FIB-4 appears the most efficient non-invasive liver fibrosis marker which can be used as an initial screening tool for cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Albania Esophageal varices Liver cirrhosis Non-invasive biomarkers Variceal bleeding