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Quality of life issues in men undergoing androgen deprivation therapy： a review

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 226-231页

作者： Rowan G Casey Niall M Corcoran S Larry Goldenberg university of british columbia department of urologic sciences Vancouver General HospitalVancouverBC V5Z 1M9Canada

Androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） has been an essential treatment option for treating prostate cancer （PCa）. The role for hormonal treatment initially was restricted to men with metastatic and inoperable, locally advanced disease. Now it has been extended to neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy for surgery and radiotherapy, for biochemical relapse after surgery or radiation, and even as primary therapy for non-metastatic disease. Fifty percent of PCa patients treated will receive ADT at some point. There is growing concern about the adverse effects and costs associated with more widespread ADT use. The adverse effects on quality of life （QoL）, including physical, social and psychological well-being when men are androgen-deprived, may be considerable. This review examines the QoL issues in the following areas： body feminisation, sexual changes, relationship changes, cognitive and affective symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and physical effects. Further suggestions for therapeutic approaches to reduce these alterations are suFuzested.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy men prostate cancer quality of life

Stents for malignant ureteral obstruction

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Asian Journal of Urology 2016年第3期3卷 142-149页

作者： Kristina Pavlovic Dirk Lange Ben H.Chew department of urologic sciences The Stone Centre at Vancouver General HospitalUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada

Malignant ureteral obstruction can result in renal dysfunction or urosepsis and can limit the physician’s ability to treat the underlying *** are multiple methods to deal with ureteral obstruction including regular polymeric double J stents(DJS),tandem DJS,nephrostomy tubes,and then more specialized products such as solid metal stents(e.g.,Resonance Stent,Cook Medical)and polyurethane stents reinforced with nickel-titanium(e.g.,UVENTA stents,TaeWoong Medical).In patients who require long-term stenting,a nephrostomy tube could be transformed subcutaneously into an extra-anatomic stent that is then inserted into the bladder *** outline the most recent developments published since 2012 and report on identifiable risk factors that predict for failure of urinary *** failures are typically a sign of cancer progression and the natural history of the disease rather than the individual type of drainage *** that were identified to predict drainage failure included low serum albumin,bilateral hydronephrosis,elevated C-reactive protein,and the presence of pleural ***-to-head studies show that metal stents are superior to polymeric DJS in terms of maintaining *** with the patient should take into consideration the frequency that exchanges will be needed,the need for externalized hardware(with nephrostomy tubes),or severe urinary symptoms in the case of internal *** review will highlight the current state of diversions in the setting of malignant ureteral obstruction.

关键词： Malignant ureteral obstruction Ureteral stent Hydronephrosis

MMP-9 deficiency accelerates the progress of periodontitis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 117-121页

作者： Chun-Yan Wan Yixin Yin Xiaoyan Li Meng Meng Liu Graham Goldman Li-An Wu Feng Wang Dao-Shu Luo Zhuo Chen Wen-An Xu Stephen Chen Mary MacDougall Merry L.Lindsey Zhi Chen Shuo Chen department of Endodontics The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversitySchool of StomatologyQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong 266003China department of Developmental Dentistry School of DentistryThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229USA Oral Implantology Center Jinan Stomatological HospitalJinanShandong 250001China department of Endodontics School and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue RegenerationShandong UniversityJinanShandong 250012China department of Pediatric Dentistry School of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710032China Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy Department of Human AnatomySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFujian Medical UniversityFuzhouFujian 350108China Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province Affiliated Hospital of StomatologyMedical CollegeZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China department of Stomatology Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510515China UBC Faculty of Dentistry University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada School of Graduate Studies and Research Meharry Medical College and Research BiologistResearch Service Nashville VA Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37208USA State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology(Hubei-MOST) Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education(KLOBM)School and Hospital of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430079China

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria that affects periodontal support tissues.1 If left untreated,it results in loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone *** one-half of adults in the United States older than 30 years have periodontal disease.2 Though the disease is initiated by bacterial infection,it activates host defense systems that eventually lead to the degradation of the *** periodontitis,the disease progress involves further production of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines,proteolytic enzymes like matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),and their inhibitors.

关键词： period eventually untreated

Animal models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis： a comparison of model validity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2050-2054页

作者： Jessica R.Morrice Cheryl Y.Gregory-Evans Christopher A.Shaw Experimental Medicine Program University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada department of Ophthalmology and Visual sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Neuroscience Program University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada department of Pathology. university of british columbia Vancouver Canada

Animal models are necessary to investigate the pathogenic features underlying motor neuron degeneration and for therapeutic development in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis（ALS）. Measures of model validity allow for a critical interpretation of results from each model and caution from over-interpretation of experimental models. Face and construct validity refer to the similarity in phenotype and the proposed causal factor to the human disease, respectively. More recently developed models are restricted by limited phenotype characterization, yet new models hold promise for novel disease insights, thus highlighting their importance. In this article, we evaluate the features of face and construct validity of our new zebrafish model of environmentally-induced motor neuron degeneration and discuss this in the context of current environmental and genetic ALS models, including C9 orf72, mutant Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 mouse and zebrafish models. In this mini-review, we discuss the pros and cons to validity criteria in each model. Our zebrafish model of environmentally-induced motor neuron degeneration displays convincing features of face validity with many hallmarks of ALS-like features, and weakness in construct validity. However, the value of this model may lie in its potential to be more representative of the pathogenic features underlying sporadic ALS cases, where environmental factors may be more likely to be involved in disease etiology than single dominant gene mutations. It may be necessary to compare findings between different strains and species modeling specific genes or environmental factors to confirm findings from ALS animal models and tease out arbitrary strain-and overexpression-specific effects.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motor neuron degeneration face validity construct validity zebrafish models mouse models genetic models environmental models

Development of a spring analogue approach for the study of pillars and shafts

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第2期28卷 267-274页

作者： Amichai Mitelman Davide Elmo Doug Stead NBK Institute of Mining Engineering University of British Columbia department of Earth sciences Simon Fraser University

In civil and mining operations that involve ground excavation and support, the loads are distributed between the ground and support depending on their relative stiffness. This paper presents the development of conceptual single-degree-of-freedom models, which are used to derive equations for estimating displacements and stresses for ground-support interaction problems encountered in pillars in room-andpillar mining(natural support system), and liners for circular vertical shafts(artificial support systems).For pillar assessment, mine-pillar interaction curves can be constructed using a double spring ***, the effectiveness of different support systems can be evaluated depending on their effect upon the mine-pillar system. For shaft design, an initial estimation of the required lining strength and thickness can be readily made based on a double ring analogue. For both problems, the results from the proposed approach compare well with those obtained by finite element numerical simulations.

关键词： Room and pillar Shafts Ground-support interaction Spring analogue Rockbolts

Contributions of biofilm and suspended sludge to nitrogen transformation and nitrous oxide emission in hybrid sequencing batch system

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2010年第7期22卷 953-960页

作者： Ingwei Wayne Lo Kwang Victor Lo Don S Mavinic Dean Shiskowski William Ramey department of Civil Engineering University of British Columbia Associated Engineering Ltd. department of Microbiology & Immunology University of British Columbia

Hybrid system combines the nature of suspended growth and attached growth has been widely applied to wastewater treatment. In this research, the contributions to N transformation and N2O emission by biofilm and suspended sludge in the hybrid sequencing- batch reactor for a simultaneous nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal process were investigated. For the hybrid system, nitrification occurred mostly in the suspended sludge, while the biofilm played the major role in denitrification. The interaction of the biofilm and the suspended sludge in the same reactor resulted in a better overall nitrogen removal performance with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. However, N2O emission was the main end product of nitrogen removal for the hybrid system; while it was N2 for the biofilm. The relative low N2O emissions from the pure biofilm and the pure suspended sludge corresponded to the relatively high nitrate at the end of the aeration period compared with the hybrid system.

关键词： N2O emission biofilm suspended sludge hybrid system

The fly factor phenomenon is mediated by interkingdom signaling between bacterial symbionts and their blow fly hosts

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 256-265页

作者： Yonathan Uriel Regine Gries Loma Tu Cassandra Carroll Huimin Zhai Margo Moore Gerhard Gries department of Biological sciences Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish ColumbiaCanada

We tested the recent hypothesis that the"fly factor"phenomenon(food cur-rently or previously fed on by flies attracts more flies than the same type of food kept inccessible to flies)is mediated by bacterial symbionts deposited with feees or regur-gitated by feeding *** allowed laboratory-reared black blow flies,Phormia regina(Meigen),to feed and de fecate on bacterial Luria-Bertani medium solidified with agar,and isolated seven morphologically distinct bacterial *** identified these us-ing matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and sequencing of the 165 rRNA *** two-choice laboratory experiments,traps baited with cultures of Pro-teus mirabilis Hauser,Morganella morganii *** Jensen,or Serratia marcescens Bizio,captured significantly more flies than corresponding control jars baited with tryptic soy agar only.A mixture of seven bacterial strains as a trap bait was more attractive to flies than a single bacterial isolate(***).In a field experiment,traps baited with agar cultures of P:mirabilis and M.m siboni in combination captured significantly more flies than lraps baited with either bacterial isolate alone or the agar *** evident by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,the odor profiles of bacterial isolates differ,which may explain the additive effect of bacteria to the attractiveness of bacterial trap ***"generalist bacteria,"P mirabilis and *** growing on animal protein(beef liver)or plant protein(tofu)are similarly effective in attracting ***-derived airborne semiochemicals appear to mediate foraging by flies and to inform their feeding and oviposition decisions.

关键词： blow fies enteric bacteria fly foctor interk ingdom commumicaion micro-bial symbionts semioche mical atractants

Serum estradiol levels decrease after oophorectomy in transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第3期25卷 309-313页

作者： Sahil Kumar Elise Bertin Cormac O' Dwyer Amir Khorrami Richard Wassersug Smita Mukherjee Neeraj Mehra Marshall Dahl Krista Genoway Alexander G Kavanagh Faculty of Medicine University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4British ColumbiaCanada Gender Surgery Program Vancouver Coastal HealthVancouver V5Z 1M9British ColumbiaCanada department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z4British ColumbiaCanada Division of Endocrinology Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z2British ColumbiaCanada Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of British ColumbiaVancouver V5Z 1M9British ColumbiaCanada department of urologic sciences University of British ColumbiaVancouver V5Z 1M9British ColumbiaCanada

Transmasculine individuals,considering whether to undergo total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy,have the option to have a concomitant *** studies have evaluated hormone changes following testosterone therapy initiation,most of those patients have not undergone *** are currently limited to support health outcomes regarding the decision to retain or remove the *** performed a retrospective chart review of transmasculine patients maintained on high-dose testosterone therapy at a single endocrine clinic in Vancouver,british columbia,*** transmasculine individuals who underwent bilateral oophorectomy and had presurgical and postsurgical serum data were *** identified 12 transmasculine subjects as controls,who were on testosterone therapy and did not undergo oophorectomy,but additionally matched to the first group by age,testosterone dosing regimen,and body mass *** was a statistically significant decrease in the estradiol levels of case subjects postoophorectomy,when compared to presurgical estradiol levels(P=0.02).There was no significant difference between baseline estradiol levels between control and case subjects;however,the difference in estradiol levels at follow-up measurements was significant(P=0.03).Total testosterone levels did not differ between control and case subjects at baseline and follow-up(both P>0.05).Our results demonstrate that oophorectomy further attenuates estradiol levels below what is achieved by high-dose exogenous testosterone *** clinical outcomes,such as impacts on bone health,were not *** clinical implications of oophorectomy versus ovarian retention on endocrinological and overall health outcomes are currently limited.

关键词： estradiol gender-affirming surgery hysterectomy oophorectomy testosterone therapy transmasculine

Transition clinic attendance is associated with improved beliefs and attitudes toward medicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第29期23卷 5405-5411页

作者： Nancy Fu Kevan Jacobson Andrew Round Kathi Evans Hong Qian Brian Bressler Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine University of British Columbia Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics University of British Columbia Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Centre of Health Evaluation and Outcome sciences

To evaluated the differences in knowledge, adherence, attitudes, and beliefs about medicine in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) attending transition clinics. METHODSWe prospectively enrolled patients from July 2012 to June 2013. All adolescents who attended a tertiary-centre-based dedicated IBD transition clinic were invited to participate. Adolescent controls were recruited from university-affiliated gastroenterology offices. Participants completed questionnaires about their disease and reported adherence to prescribed therapy. Beliefs in Medicine Questionnaire was used to evaluate patients’ attitudes and beliefs. Beliefs of medication overuse, harm, necessity and concerns were rated on a Likert scale. Based on necessity and concern ratings, attitudes were then characterized as accepting, ambivalent, skeptical and indifferent. RESULTSOne hundred and twelve adolescents were included and 59 attended transition clinics. Self-reported adherence rates were poor, with only 67.4% and 56.8% of patients on any IBD medication were adherent in the transition and control groups, respectively. Adolescents in the transition cohort held significantly stronger beliefs that medications were necessary (P = 0.0035). Approximately 20% of adolescents in both cohorts had accepting attitudes toward their prescribed medicine. However, compared to the control group, adolescents in the transition cohort were less skeptical of (6.8% vs 20.8%) and more ambivalent (61% vs 34%) (OR = 0.15; 95%CI: 0.03-0.75; P = 0.02) to treatment. CONCLUSIONAttendance at dedicated transition clinics was associated with differences in attitudes in adolescents with IBD.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Adolescents Transition Beliefs Knowledge Attitudes