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Addressing Imbalance in Health Datasets: A New Method NR-Clustering SMOTE and Distance Metric Modification

Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2931-2949页

作者： Hairani Hairani Triyanna Widiyaningtyas Didik Dwi Prasetya Afrig Aminuddin Department of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Department of Computer Science Universitas BumigoraMataram83127Indonesia Department of Computer Graphic and Multimedia Faculty of ComputingCollege of Computing and Applied SciencesUniversiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan AbdullahPekan26600Malaysia

An imbalanced dataset often challenges machine learning, particularly classification methods. Underrepresented minority classes can result in biased and inaccurate models. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was developed to address the problem of imbalanced data. Over time, several weaknesses of the SMOTE method have been identified in generating synthetic minority class data, such as overlapping, noise, and small disjuncts. However, these studies generally focus on only one of SMOTE’s weaknesses: noise or overlapping. Therefore, this study addresses both issues simultaneously by tackling noise and overlapping in SMOTE-generated data. This study proposes a combined approach of filtering, clustering, and distance modification to reduce noise and overlapping produced by SMOTE. Filtering removes minority class data (noise) located in majority class regions, with the k-nn method applied for filtering. The use of Noise Reduction (NR), which removes data that is considered noise before applying SMOTE, has a positive impact in overcoming data imbalance. Clustering establishes decision boundaries by partitioning data into clusters, allowing SMOTE with modified distance metrics to generate minority class data within each cluster. This SMOTE clustering and distance modification approach aims to minimize overlap in synthetic minority data that could introduce noise. The proposed method is called “NR-Clustering SMOTE,” which has several stages in balancing data: (1) filtering by removing minority classes close to majority classes (data noise) using the k-nn method;(2) clustering data using K-means aims to establish decision boundaries by partitioning data into several clusters;(3) applying SMOTE oversampling with Manhattan distance within each cluster. Test results indicate that the proposed NR-Clustering SMOTE method achieves the best performance across all evaluation metrics for classification methods such as Random Forest, SVM, and Naїve Bayes, compared t

关键词： SMOTE modification Clustering-SMOTE manhattan distance

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Chalcone analogue as potent anti-malarial compounds against Plasmodium falciparum:Synthesis,biological evaluation,and docking simulation study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第8期7卷 675-679页

作者： Jufrizal Syahri Emmy Yuanita Beta Achromi Nurohmah Ria Armunanto Bambang Purwono Department of Chemistry Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau Department of Chemistry Universitas Gadjah Mada Department of Chemistry Universitas Mataram

To investigate in vitro antimalarial activity of chalcone derivative compounds against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (Pf3D7) strain and in silico antimalarial *** of the chalcone derivatives was conducted via Claisen-Schmidt method using NaOH 60% base as catalyst. An in vitro antimalarial activity assay was carried out according to the Rieckmann method against the chloroquine-sensitive Pf3D7 strain. Molecular docking studies of the prepared compounds were performed using Discovery Studio 3.1 (Accelrys, Inc., San Diego, USA) software to dihydrofolate reductases-thymidylate synthase (PfDHFR-TS) protein with Protein Data Bank ID of *** (sensitive-protein) and ID: *** (resistance-protein).ResultsThis work has successfully synthesized seven chalcone derivatives with a great antimalarial activity. It has been revealed that allyloxy, hydroxy and alkoxy functional groups could increase the antimalarial activity of the chalcone derivatives. The best antimalarial activity of the prepared compounds was possessed by 3b with an IC50 value of 0.59 μM and categorized as an excellent antiplasmodial. Molecular docking studies of 3b showed binding interaction with the amino acid residues such as Ala16, Ile164, Phe58, Tyr170 of the *** protein and also Ala16, Phe58, Ile112, Met55 of the *** *** in vitro antimalarial assay of the prepared chalcone derivative (3a-g) showed an excellent and good antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive Pf3D7 strain. In silico antimalarial studies revealed that 3a-g made binding interaction with both sensitive-protein (***) and resistance-protein (***), which means that they were both active against chloroquine-sensitive and resistant plasmodium strain.

关键词： Antimalarial Chalcone Docking Plasmodium falciparum 3D7

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Enhanced production of hydrogen via catalytic methane decomposition on a Pt_(7)-Ni(110) substrate:a reactive molecular dynamics investigation

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Clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 168-176页

作者： Rizal Arifin Zulkarnain Abdurrouf Yoyok Winardi Didik Riyanto Darminto Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah PonorogoJl.Budi Utomo No.10Ponorogo63471Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah PonorogoJl.Budi Utomo No.10Ponorogo63471Indonesia Department of Physics Education Universitas Muhammadiyah MataramJl.K.H.Ahmad Dahlan No.1Mataram83115Indonesia Department of Physics Brawijaya UniversityJl.VeteranMalang65145Indonesia Department of Physics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh NopemberKampus ITS SukoliloSurabaya60111Indonesia

Numerous researchers in the energy field are engaged in a competitive race to advance hydrogen as a clean and environmentally friendly *** have been conducted on the different aspects of hydrogen,including its production,storage,transportation and *** catalytic methane decomposition technique for hydrogen production is an environmentally friendly process that avoids generating carbon dioxide gas,which contributes to the greenhouse *** play a crucial role in facilitating rapid,cost-effective and efficient production of hydrogen using this *** this study,reactive molecular dynamics simulations were employed to examine the impact of Pt_(7) cluster decoration on the surface of a Ni(110)catalyst,referred to as Pt_(7)-Ni(110),on the rates of methane dissociation and molecular hydrogen *** reactive force field was employed to model the atomic interactions that enabled the formation and dissociation of chemical *** reactive molecular dynamics simulations using the Pt_(7)-Ni(110)catalyst revealed a notable decrease in the number of methane molecules,specifically~11.89 molecules per *** rate was approximately four times higher than that of the simulation system utilizing a Ni(110)catalyst and approximately six times higher than that of the pure methane,no-catalyst *** number of hydrogen molecules generated during a simulation period of 150000 fs was greater on the Pt_(7)-Ni(110)surface than in both the Ni(110)and pure methane *** was due to the presence of numerous dissociated hydrogen atoms on the Pt_(7)-Ni(110)surface.

关键词： hydrogen production catalytic methane decomposition reactive molecular dynamics Pt_(7)cluster Ni(110)

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Prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus among migrant workers in Lombok Island, Indonesia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020年第1期13卷 8-16页

作者： Laura Navika Yamani Eva Triani Mochamad Amin Juniastuti Takako Utsumi Soetjipto Nasronudin Yoshihiko Yano Hak Hotta Yoshitake Hayashi Maria Inge Lusida Institute of Tropical Disease Universitas AirlanggaSurabayaEast Java 60115Indonesia Department of Epidemiology Faculty of Public HealthUniversitas AirlanggaSurabayaEast Java 60115Indonesia Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Center for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases Institute of Tropical DiseaseUniversitas AirlanggaSurabayaEast Java 60115Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Mataram UniversityWest Nusa TenggaraIndonesia Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabayaEast Java 60131Indonesia Center for Infectious Diseases Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobeHyogo 6500017Japan Department of Biochemistry Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabayaEast Java 60131Indonesia

Objective:To examine the potential risk of hepatitis B virus(HBV)spread in Indonesia by migrant workers,based on the molecular characteristics of HBV ***:Sera collected from migrant workers traveling to their destination countries(pre-migrant workers)and those returning to Indonesia(post-migrant workers)were screened for HBsAg by ELISA,followed by HBV DNA detection by PCR and(sub)genotype/subtype determination according to surface region and whole genome ***:Of 87 pre-migrant workers,15(17.24%)were HBsAgpositive,whereas 15(12.10%)of 124 post-migrant workers were HBs Ag *** genotype analysis based on the S region showed that HBV-B3/adw2 was predominant(96.15%,25/26)whereas 3.85%(1/26)of isolates were HBV-C3/adrq+.Whole genome sequencing of selected strains and phylogenetic tree analysis identified subgenotype B7 in three samples previously categorized as subgenotype B3 based on S region analysis,supporting a recent argument that subgenotypes B5/B7/B8/B9 could be considered as a quasi-subgenotype of ***:A high prevalence of HBsAg carriers was detected among migrant workers from Lombok Island,with no significant difference in prevalence between before and after returning to *** strains were classified into genotypes common in Indonesia,and the results suggested that migrant workers are not a risk factor for HBV transmission into Indonesia.

关键词： HBV Subgenotypes Migrant workers Indonesia

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Optimization of the Cooling System of Electric Vehicle Batteries

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第3期18卷 835-850页

作者： A.Heri Iswanto Iwan Harsono Alim Al Ayub Ahmed Sergushina Elena Sergeevna Stepan Krasnikov Rustem Zalilov John William Grimaldo Guerrero Liliya N.Latipova Safa Kareem Hachim Public Health Department Faculty of Health ScienceUniversity of Pembangunan Nasional Veteran JakartaJakarta16426Indonesia universitas mataram West Nusa Tenggara83116Indonesia School of Accounting Jiujiang UniversityJiujiang330300China National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University Saransk430005Russia Russian Technological University Moscow119454Russian Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University Magnitogorsk455000Russian Departamento de Energía Universidad de la CostaBarranquilla080002Colombia Kazan Federal University Kazan628400Russia College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajaf54001Iraq

The most important components of electrical vehicles are the battery and the related cooling *** subsystems play a major role in determining the overall electric vehicle *** this study,a novel cooling system with fluid in the battery cell is proposed,by which the energy storage system can be optimized through control of the temperature of the batteries.A sensitivity analysis is conducted considering the maximum temperature,the heat rate,the coolant temperature,and the geometry of the *** numerical simulations show that the parameters for the trapezoidal compartment have an impact on the thermal performance of *** optimal geometry is proposed *** is concluded that for high values of Reynolds number for which the flow becomes turbulent,a decrease in the battery temperature can be obtained thereby avoiding thermal stresses.

关键词： Thermal flow batteries geometry cavity cooling system

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Hepatitis B virus pre-S2 start codon mutations in Indonesian liver disease patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第38期18卷 5418-5426页

作者： Andi Utama Marlinang Diarta Siburian Ismail Fanany Mariana Destila Bayu Intan Rama Dhenni Tri Shinta Kurniasih Syafruddin AR Lelosutan Wenny Astuti Achwan Nasrul Zubir Arnelis Benyamin Lukito Irawan Yusuf Laurentius Adrianus Lesmana Ali Sulaiman Molecular Epidemiology Division Mochtar Riady Institute for Nanotechnology Universitas Pelita Harapan Lippo Karawaci Tangerang 15810 Banten Indonesia Gastroentero-Hepatology Division Department of Internal Medicine Gatot Soebroto Hospital Jakarta 10410 Indonesia Department of Internal Medicine Mataram General Hospital Mataram 83127 Indonesia Gastroentero-Hepatology Division Department of Internal Medicine M. Djamil Hospital Padang 25127 Indonesia Department of Internal Medicine Siloam Hospital Lippo Karawaci Tangerang 15810 Banten Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar 90245 Indonesia Hepatology Division Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia Jakarta 10430 Indonesia

AIM: To identify the prevalence of pre-S2 start codon mutations and to assess their association with liver disease progression. METHODS: The mutations were identified by direct sequencing from 73 asymptomatic carriers, 66 chronic hepatitis (CH), 66 liver cirrhosis (LC) and 63 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Statistical significances were determined using Fisher's exact test, χ 2 test, and t -test analyses whenever appropriate. Pre-S mutation as a risk factor for advanced liver disease was estimated by unconditional logistic regression model adjusted with age, sex, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Mutation of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) pre-S2 start codon was found in 59 samples from 268 subjects (22.0%), with higher prevalence in patients with cirrhosis 27/66 (40.9%) followed by HCC 18/63 (28.6%), chronic hepatitis 12/66 (18.2%) and asymptomatic carriers 2/73 (2.7%) (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-S2 start codon mutation was an independent factor for progressive liver disease. Other mutations, at T130, Q132, and A138, were also associated with LC and HCC, although this was not statistically significant when adjusted for age, sex, and HBeAg. The prevalence of pre-S2 start codon mutation was higher in HBV/B than in HBV/C (23.0% vs 19.1%), whilst the prevalence of T130, Q132, and A138 mutation was higher in HBV/C than in HBV/B. The prevalence of pre-S2 start codon mutation was higher in LC (38.9%) and HCC (40.0%) than CH (5.6%) in HBeAg(+) group, but it was similar between CH, LC and HCC in HBeAg(-) group. CONCLUSION: Pre-S2 start codon mutation was higher in Indonesian patients compared to other Asian countries, and its prevalence was associated with advanced liver disease, particularly in HBeAg(+) patients.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Pre-S2 start codon Liver disease Hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion Indonesia

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Association of core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus and viral load is different in HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(-) patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第6期17卷 708-716页

作者： Andi Utama Marlinang Diarta Siburian Sigit Purwantomo Mariana Destila Bayu Intan Tri Shinta Kurniasih Susan Tai Rino Alvani Gani Laurentius Adrianus Lesmana All Sulaiman Wenny Astuti Achwan Soewignjo Soemohardjo Arnelis Nasrul Zubir Julius Syafruddin AR Lelosutan Benyamin Lukito Tantoro Harmono Molecular Epidemiology Division Mochtar Riady Institute for Nanotechnology Universitas Pelita Harapan Lippo Karawaci Tangerang 15810 Indonesia Hepatology Division Department of Intemal Medicine Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia Jakarta 10430 Indonesia Department of Internal Medicine Mataram General Hospital Mataram 83127 Indonesia Gastroentero-Hepatology Division Department of Internal Medicine Dr. M. Jamil Hospital Padang 25127 Indonesia Gastroentero-Hepatology Division Department of Intemal Medicine Dr. Gatot Soebroto Hospital Jakarta 10410 Indonesia Department of Internal Medicine Siloam Hospital Lippo Village Tangerang 15810 Indonesia Department of Internal Medicine Dr. Moewardi Hospital Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

AIM:To identify the prevalence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and to assess the association of hepatitis B virus (HBV) core promoter mutations and viral load in Indonesian ***:Sixty-four patients with chronic hepatitis,65 with liver cirrhosis and 50 with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in this *** and hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb) tests were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the mutations were analyzed by *** load was measured by real-time polymerase chain ***:Of 179 patients,108 (60.3%) were HBeAg(-) and 86 (79.6%) of these HBeAg(-) patients had been *** A1896 mutation was not found in HBeAg(+) patients,however,this mutation was detected in 70.7% of HBeAg(-) *** mutation was frequently found when HBeAg was not expressed (87.7%),compared to that found in HBeAg seroconverted patients (65.1%).The A1899 mutation was also more prevalent in HBeAg(-) than in HBeAg(+) patients (P=0.004).The T1762/A1764 mutation was frequently found in both HBeAg(+) and HBeAg(-) patients,however,the prevalence of this mutation did not significantly differ among the two groups (P=0.054).In HBeAg(+) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation was correlated with lower HBV DNA (P < 0.001).The A1899 mutation did not correlate with HBV DNA (P=0.609).In HBeAg(-) patients,the T1762/A1764 mutation alone was not correlated with HBV DNA (P=0.095),however,the presence of either the T1762/A1764 or A1896 mutations was associated with increased HBV DNA (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:The percentage of HBeAg(-) patients is high in Indonesia,and most of the HBeAg(-) patients had been *** A1896 mutation was most likely the major cause of HBeAg *** T1762/A1764 mutation alone was associated with lower viral loads in HBeAg(+) patients,but not in HBeAg(-) patients.

关键词： Hepatitis B e antibody Hepatitis B e antigen Hepatitis B virus Indonesia Precore/core promoter mutations Viral load

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